no message

* master:
  Change screen filters presets (adding more) menu & print CCT. Fixes #1442.
  rosalina: implement 800px top-screen screenshot, etc. Fixes #1443

# Conflicts:
#	sysmodules/rosalina/source/draw.c

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.xml text eol=lf

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Use this to report bugs you encounter with Luma3DS. Make sure you upload the crash dumps if Luma3DS crashes.
+---
+
+<!--
+-- THIS IS NOT A SUPPORT FORUM! For support go here:
+-- Nintendo Homebrew: https://discord.gg/MjzatM8
+--
+-- Rosalina feature requests go here: https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/issues/752
+--
+-- Also check the Wiki (https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/wiki) before making an issue.
+--
+-- For GBA/DSiWare/DS/AGB_FIRM/TWL_FIRM problems: use https://github.com/MechanicalDragon0687/TWLFix-CFW and update your system.
+-- If you're using an emu/redNAND try installing anything on it to sysNAND.
+-- Please make sure to read "Enable game patching" https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/wiki/Options-and-usage before posting any issues about the "Enable game patching" option(s).
+--
+-- Luma updaters that don't support Boot9Strap/Sighax won't work.
+-- This is due to support for non-B9S/Sighax entrypoints being dropped.
+--
+-- Please fill in the placeholders.-->
+**System model:**
+
+[e.g. 2DS, New 3DS, Old 3DS]
+
+**SysNAND version (+emu/redNAND version if applicable):**
+
+[e.g. 11.13.0-45U SysNAND, 11.13.0-45E EmuNAND]
+<!--You can check which version you're on in System Settings. It will be on the bottom right of the top screen.-->
+
+**Entrypoint (How/what you're using to boot Luma3DS):**
+
+[e.g. Boot9Strap/Sighax, etc.]
+
+**Luma3DS version:**
+
+[e.g. v10.1.3 stable or if using non-releases specify the commit like this https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/commit/0543c208fd154e6326ea5da8cbf66ffcbdef010c]
+
+**Luma3DS configuration/options:**
+
+Default EmuNAND: ( )
+<!--This option is only available if there's at least one EmuNAND.-->
+
+Screen brightness: ( )
+
+Splash: ( )
+
+Splash duration: ( )
+
+PIN lock: ( )
+
+New 3DS CPU: ( )
+<!--This option is only available for New 3DS/2DS.-->
+
+--
+
+Autoboot EmuNAND: ( )
+<!--This option is only available if there's at least one EmuNAND.-->
+
+Use EmuNAND FIRM if booting with R: ( )
+<!--This option is only available if there's at least one EmuNAND.-->
+
+Enable loading external FIRMs and modules: ( )
+<!--Firmware (.bin) files are not required by Luma, or NTR CFW anymore.
+-- If you're having issues with this option enabled try deleting them from the luma folder on the root of the SD card or /rw/luma on CTRNAND and disabling this option.-->
+
+Enable game patching: ( )
+
+Show NAND or user string in System Settings: ( )
+
+Show GBA boot screen in patched AGB_FIRM: ( )
+
+Patch Arm9 access: ( )
+
+Set developer UNITINFO: ( )
+
+Disable Arm11 exception handlers: ( )
+
+--
+
+
+**Explanation of the issue:**
+
+
+
+
+
+
+**Steps to reproduce:**
+
+1.
+
+2.
+
+
+**Dump file:**
+<!--If the issue leads to a crash you must uncheck the "Disable Arm11 exception handlers" option.
+-- The error message will tell you where the dump is.
+-- Zip the dmp file and drag & drop it below.-->

.gitignore

@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
+.vscode
 out
 build
-loader/build
-injector/build
+arm11/build
+sysmodules/loader/build
+sysmodules/rosalina/build
+chainloader/build
 exceptions/arm9/build
 exceptions/arm11/build
 *.bin
-*.3dsx
-*.smdh
+*.firm
 *.o
 *.d
-*.elf
+*.elf
+*.cxi
+.DS_Store
+*.dmp
+.project
+.cproject
+.settings

.gitmodules

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-[submodule "CakeBrah"]
-	path = CakeBrah
-	url = https://github.com/mid-kid/CakeBrah
-[submodule "CakeHax"]
-	path = CakeHax
-	url = https://github.com/mid-kid/CakeHax

Makefile

@@ -1,121 +1,29 @@
-rwildcard = $(foreach d, $(wildcard $1*), $(filter $(subst *, %, $2), $d) $(call rwildcard, $d/, $2))
-
-ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
-$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+ifneq ($(strip $(shell firmtool -v 2>&1 | grep usage)),)
+$(error "Please install firmtool v1.1 or greater")
 endif
 
-include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
+NAME		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+REVISION	:=	$(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* --abbrev=8 | sed 's/-[0-9]*-g/-/')
 
-CC := arm-none-eabi-gcc
-AS := arm-none-eabi-as
-LD := arm-none-eabi-ld
-OC := arm-none-eabi-objcopy
+SUBFOLDERS	:=	sysmodules arm11 arm9 k11_extension
 
-name := Luma3DS
-revision := $(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* --abbrev=8 | sed 's/-[0-9]*-g/-/i')
-commit := $(shell git rev-parse --short=8 HEAD)
+.PHONY:	all release clean $(SUBFOLDERS)
 
-dir_source := source
-dir_patches := patches
-dir_loader := loader
-dir_injector := injector
-dir_mset := CakeHax
-dir_ninjhax := CakeBrah
-dir_build := build
-dir_out := out
+all:		boot.firm
 
-ASFLAGS := -mcpu=arm946e-s
-CFLAGS := -Wall -Wextra -MMD -MP -marm $(ASFLAGS) -fno-builtin -fshort-wchar -std=c11 -Wno-main -O2 -flto -ffast-math
-LDFLAGS := -nostartfiles
-FLAGS := name=$(name).dat dir_out=$(abspath $(dir_out)) ICON=$(abspath icon.png) APP_DESCRIPTION="Noob-friendly 3DS CFW." APP_AUTHOR="Aurora Wright/TuxSH" --no-print-directory
+release:	$(NAME)$(REVISION).zip
 
-objects = $(patsubst $(dir_source)/%.s, $(dir_build)/%.o, \
-          $(patsubst $(dir_source)/%.c, $(dir_build)/%.o, \
-          $(call rwildcard, $(dir_source), *.s *.c)))
-
-bundled = $(dir_build)/rebootpatch.h $(dir_build)/emunandpatch.h $(dir_build)/svcGetCFWInfopatch.h $(dir_build)/injector.h \
-          $(dir_build)/loader.h
-
-.PHONY: all
-all: launcher a9lh ninjhax
-
-.PHONY: launcher
-launcher: $(dir_out)/$(name).dat
-
-.PHONY: a9lh
-a9lh: $(dir_out)/arm9loaderhax.bin
-
-.PHONY: ninjhax
-ninjhax: $(dir_out)/3ds/$(name)
-
-.PHONY: release
-release: $(dir_out)/$(name)$(revision).7z
-
-.PHONY: clean
 clean:
-	@$(MAKE) $(FLAGS) -C $(dir_mset) clean
-	@$(MAKE) $(FLAGS) -C $(dir_ninjhax) clean
-	@$(MAKE) -C $(dir_loader) clean
-	@$(MAKE) -C $(dir_injector) clean
-	@rm -rf $(dir_out) $(dir_build) exceptions
+	@$(foreach dir, $(SUBFOLDERS), $(MAKE) -C $(dir) clean &&) true
+	@rm -rf *.firm *.zip
 
-$(dir_out):
-	@mkdir -p "$(dir_out)"
+$(NAME)$(REVISION).zip:	boot.firm exception_dump_parser
+	@zip -r $@ $^ -x "*.DS_Store*" "*__MACOSX*"
 
-$(dir_out)/$(name).dat: $(dir_build)/main.bin $(dir_out)
-	@$(MAKE) $(FLAGS) -C $(dir_mset) launcher
-	@dd if=$(dir_build)/main.bin of=$@ bs=512 seek=144
+boot.firm:	$(SUBFOLDERS)
+	@firmtool build $@ -D sysmodules/sysmodules.bin arm11/arm11.elf arm9/arm9.elf k11_extension/k11_extension.elf \
+	-A 0x18180000 -C XDMA XDMA NDMA XDMA
+	@echo built... $(notdir $@)
 
-$(dir_out)/arm9loaderhax.bin: $(dir_build)/main.bin $(dir_out)
-	@cp -a $(dir_build)/main.bin $@
-
-$(dir_out)/3ds/$(name): $(dir_out)
-	@mkdir -p "$@"
-	@$(MAKE) $(FLAGS) -C $(dir_ninjhax)
-	@mv $(dir_out)/$(name).3dsx $(dir_out)/$(name).smdh $@
-
-$(dir_out)/$(name)$(revision).7z: launcher a9lh ninjhax
-	@7z a -mx $@ ./$(@D)/*
-
-$(dir_build)/main.bin: $(dir_build)/main.elf
-	$(OC) -S -O binary $< $@
-
-$(dir_build)/main.elf: $(objects)
-	$(LINK.o) -T linker.ld $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $^
-
-$(dir_build)/emunandpatch.h: $(dir_patches)/emunand.s $(dir_injector)/Makefile
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	@armips $<
-	@bin2c -o $@ -n emunand $(@D)/emunand.bin
-
-$(dir_build)/rebootpatch.h: $(dir_patches)/reboot.s
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	@armips $<
-	@bin2c -o $@ -n reboot $(@D)/reboot.bin
-
-$(dir_build)/svcGetCFWInfopatch.h: $(dir_patches)/svcGetCFWInfo.s
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	@armips $<
-	@bin2c -o $@ -n svcGetCFWInfo $(@D)/svcGetCFWInfo.bin
-
-$(dir_build)/injector.h: $(dir_injector)/Makefile
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	@$(MAKE) -C $(dir_injector)
-	@bin2c -o $@ -n injector $(@D)/injector.cxi
-
-$(dir_build)/loader.h: $(dir_loader)/Makefile
-	@$(MAKE) -C $(dir_loader)
-	@bin2c -o $@ -n loader $(@D)/loader.bin
-
-$(dir_build)/memory.o $(dir_build)/strings.o: CFLAGS += -O3
-$(dir_build)/config.o: CFLAGS += -DCONFIG_TITLE="\"$(name) $(revision) configuration\""
-$(dir_build)/patches.o: CFLAGS += -DREVISION=\"$(revision)\" -DCOMMIT_HASH="0x$(commit)"
-
-$(dir_build)/%.o: $(dir_source)/%.c $(bundled)
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	$(COMPILE.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-$(dir_build)/%.o: $(dir_source)/%.s
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	$(COMPILE.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-include $(call rwildcard, $(dir_build), *.d)
+$(SUBFOLDERS):
+	@$(MAKE) -C $@ all

README.md

@@ -1,23 +1,74 @@
-# Luma3DS
-*Noob-proof (N)3DS "Custom Firmware"*
+# Luma3DS-3GX Plugin Edition
+*Noob-proof (N)3DS "Custom Firmware", with 3GX plugins support*
 
-**Compiling:**
+### 3GX Plugin Edition
+This edition of **Luma3DS** allows the loading of **.3GX plugins** in Luma3DS, which are otherwise officially unsupported.
 
-First you need to clone the repository recursively with: `git clone --recursive https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS.git`
-To compile, you'll need [armips](https://github.com/Kingcom/armips), [bin2c](https://sourceforge.net/projects/bin2c/), and a recent build of [makerom](https://github.com/profi200/Project_CTR) added to your PATH.  
-For your convenience, here are [Windows](http://www91.zippyshare.com/v/ePGpjk9r/file.html) and [Linux](https://mega.nz/#!uQ1T1IAD!Q91O0e12LXKiaXh_YjXD3D5m8_W3FuMI-hEa6KVMRDQ) builds of armips (thanks to who compiled them!).  
-Finally just run `make` and everything should work!  
-You can find the compiled files in the 'out' folder.
 
-**Setup / Usage / Features:**
+#
+### How to install this Edition
+1. download the latest `boot.firm` from [the releases page](https://github.com/mind-overflow/Luma3DS-3GX/releases/latest)
+2. put the downloaded `boot.firm` file in the `root` directory of your SD card (`sd:/boot.firm`), overwriting the official Luma3DS `boot.firm`.
+3. (re)boot your 3DS, and when prompted, enable:
+    - "Enable game patching"
+    - "Show NAND or user string in System Settings"
+4. press `START` and let your 3DS boot.
 
-See https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/wiki
+You successfully installed the 3GX Plugin Loader! Now, proceed to the next step to learn how to install and enable 3GX plugins.
 
-**Credits:**
- 
-See https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/wiki/Credits
+#
+### How to install 3GX plugins
+Plugins have to be installed in the `sd:/luma/plugins` folder.
+Usually, you need to put your specific plugin in the `<TITLEID>` subdirectory, eg: `sd:/luma/plugins/<TITLEID>/<filename>.3gx`.
+However, a `default.3gx` plugin can also be placed in the main `sd:/luma/plugins` directory: `sd:/luma/plugins/default.3gx`.
 
-**Licensing:**
+So:
+``` yaml
+    sd:/luma/plugins/default.3gx # will be loaded for all games, low priority
+    sd:/luma/plugins/<TITLEID>/<filename>.3gx # will only be loaded for the specified title, high priority
+```
 
-This software is licensed under the terms of the GPLv3.  
-You can find a copy of the license in the LICENSE.txt file.
+Now you know how to install 3GX plugins! Proceed to the next step to learn how how to enable 3GX plugins.
+
+#
+### How to enable 3GX plugins
+1. when booted, press `L + D-Pad Down + Select` to open the Rosalina menu.
+2. Press `D-Pad Down` again until `Plugin Loader`, is selected, then press `A` and set it to `[Enabled]`.
+
+Done! You learned to install the 3GX Plugin loader, install 3GX Plugins and enable them. Now, simply launch the game you want to play and press `SELECT` to open up the 3GX menu!
+
+
+#
+### Luma3DS introduction
+**Luma3DS** is a program to patch the system software of (New) Nintendo (2)3DS handheld consoles "on the fly", adding features such as per-game language settings, debugging capabilities for developers, and removing restrictions enforced by Nintendo such as the region lock.
+
+It also allows you to run unauthorized ("homebrew") content by removing signature checks.
+To use it, you will need a console capable of running homebrew software on the Arm9 processor.
+
+Since v8.0, Luma3DS has its own in-game menu, triggerable by <kbd>L+Down+Select</kbd> (see the [release notes](https://github.com/LumaTeam/Luma3DS/releases/tag/v8.0)).
+
+#
+### Compiling
+* Prerequisites
+    1. git
+    2. [makerom](https://github.com/jakcron/Project_CTR) in PATH
+    3. [firmtool](https://github.com/TuxSH/firmtool)
+    4. Up-to-date devkitARM+libctru
+1. Clone the repository with `git clone https://github.com/mind-overflow/Luma3DS-3GX.git`
+2. Run `make`.
+
+    The produced `boot.firm` is meant to be copied to the root of your SD card for usage with Boot9Strap.
+
+#
+### Setup / Usage / Features
+See https://github.com/LumaTeam/Luma3DS/wiki
+
+#
+### Credits
+See https://github.com/LumaTeam/Luma3DS/wiki/Credits
+
+#
+### Licensing
+This software is licensed under the terms of the GPLv3. You can find a copy of the license in the LICENSE.txt file.
+
+Files in the GDB stub are instead triple-licensed as MIT or "GPLv2 or any later version", in which case it's specified in the file header.

arm11/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/base_rules
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source source/svc
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include include/svc
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-march=armv6k -mtune=mpcore -mfloat-abi=hard -mtp=soft
+DEFINES :=	-DARM11 -D_3DS
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -std=gnu11 -Wall -Wextra -Werror -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections \
+			-Wno-main -fno-builtin $(ARCH) $(DEFINES)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE)
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=$(TOPDIR)/linker.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:=
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:=
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES_BIN	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES))
+export OFILES_SRC	:=	$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+export OFILES 		:=	$(OFILES_BIN) $(OFILES_SRC)
+export HFILES_BIN	:=	$(addsuffix .h,$(subst .,_,$(BINFILES)))
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).bin $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+.PHONY:	all
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).bin
+
+$(OUTPUT).bin	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+	$(OBJCOPY) -S -O binary $< $@
+	@echo built ... $(notdir $@)
+
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+%.elf: $(OFILES)
+	@echo linking $(notdir $@)
+	@$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(OFILES) $(LIBPATHS) $(LIBS) -o $@
+	@$(NM) -CSn $@ > $(notdir $*.lst)
+
+$(OFILES_SRC)	: $(HFILES_BIN)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	%_bin.h :	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

arm11/linker.ld

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-littlearm", "elf32-bigarm", "elf32-littlearm")
+OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
+ENTRY(_start)
+
+/* Mostly copied from https://github.com/devkitPro/buildscripts/blob/master/dkarm-eabi/crtls/3dsx.ld */
+
+PHDRS
+{
+    main PT_LOAD;
+}
+
+SECTIONS
+{
+    PROVIDE(__start__           = 0x1FF80000);
+    PROVIDE(__stack_top__       = 0x1FFFE000);
+    PROVIDE(__stack_bottom__    = 0x1FFFD000);
+
+    . = __start__;
+
+    .text :
+    {
+        KEEP( *(.text.start) )
+        KEEP( *(.init) )
+
+        /* .text */
+        *(.text)
+        *(.text.*)
+        *(.glue_7)
+        *(.glue_7t)
+        *(.stub)
+        *(.gnu.warning)
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.t*)
+
+        /* .fini */
+        KEEP( *(.fini) )
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+    } :main
+
+    .rodata :
+    {
+        *(.rodata)
+        *(.roda)
+        *(.rodata.*)
+        *all.rodata*(*)
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
+        SORT(CONSTRUCTORS)
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+    }
+
+    .preinit_array :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__preinit_array_start = .);
+        KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
+        PROVIDE (__preinit_array_end = .);
+    }
+
+    .init_array :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__init_array_start = .);
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
+        KEEP (*(.init_array))
+        PROVIDE (__init_array_end = .);
+    }
+
+    .fini_array :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__fini_array_start = .);
+        KEEP (*(.fini_array))
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
+        PROVIDE (__fini_array_end = .);
+    }
+
+    .ctors :
+    {
+        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors)) /* MUST be first -- GCC requires it */
+        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
+        KEEP (*(.ctors))
+        . = ALIGN(4);   /* REQUIRED. LD is flaky without it. */
+    }
+
+    .dtors :
+    {
+        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
+        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
+        KEEP (*(.dtors))
+        . = ALIGN(4);   /* REQUIRED. LD is flaky without it. */
+    }
+
+    .ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) __exidx_start = .;}
+    ARM.exidx : { *(.ARM.exidx* .gnu.linkonce.armexidx.*)  __exidx_end = .;}
+
+    .data :
+    {
+        *(.data)
+        *(.data.*)
+        KEEP (*(.large_patch*))
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
+        CONSTRUCTORS
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+    }
+
+    .bss (NOLOAD) :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+        PROVIDE (__bss_start__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+        *(.dynbss)
+        *(.bss)
+        *(.bss.*)
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.b*)
+        *(COMMON)
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        PROVIDE (__bss_end__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+    } :NONE
+
+    PROVIDE (__end__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+
+    /* ==================
+       ==== Metadata ====
+       ================== */
+
+    /* Discard sections that difficult post-processing */
+    /DISCARD/ : { *(.group .comment .note) }
+
+    /* Stabs debugging sections. */
+    .stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
+    .stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
+    .stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
+    .stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
+    .stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
+    .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
+
+    /* DWARF debug sections.
+       Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
+       of the section so we begin them at 0. */
+
+    /* DWARF 1 */
+    .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
+    .line           0 : { *(.line) }
+
+    /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
+    .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
+    .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
+
+    /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
+    .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
+    .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
+
+    /* DWARF 2 */
+    .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info) }
+    .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
+    .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
+    .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
+    .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
+    .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
+    .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
+}

arm11/linker.specs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+%rename link                old_link
+
+*link:
+%(old_link) -T %:getenv(TOPDIR /linker.ld) --nmagic --gc-sections
+
+*startfile:
+crti%O%s crtbegin%O%s

arm11/source/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Screen init code by dark_samus, bil1s, Normmatt, delebile and others
+*   LCD deinit code by tiniVi
+*/
+
+#include "types.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+
+void prepareForFirmlaunch(void);
+extern u32 prepareForFirmlaunchSize;
+
+extern volatile Arm11Operation operation;
+
+static void initScreens(u32 brightnessLevel, struct fb *fbs)
+{
+    *(vu32 *)0x10141200 = 0x1007F;
+
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202204 = 0x01000000; //set LCD fill black to hide potential garbage -- NFIRM does it before firmlaunching
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A04 = 0x01000000;
+
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202014 = 0x00000001;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1020200C &= 0xFFFEFFFE;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202240 = brightnessLevel;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A40 = brightnessLevel;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202244 = 0x1023E;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A44 = 0x1023E;
+
+    //Top screen
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400400 = 0x000001c2;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400404 = 0x000000d1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400408 = 0x000001c1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040040c = 0x000001c1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400410 = 0x00000000;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400414 = 0x000000cf;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400418 = 0x000000d1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040041c = 0x01c501c1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400420 = 0x00010000;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400424 = 0x0000019d;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400428 = 0x00000002;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040042c = 0x00000192;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400430 = 0x00000192;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400434 = 0x00000192;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400438 = 0x00000001;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040043c = 0x00000002;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400440 = 0x01960192;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400444 = 0x00000000;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400448 = 0x00000000;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040045C = 0x00f00190;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400460 = 0x01c100d1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400464 = 0x01920002;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400468 = (u32)fbs[0].top_left;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040046C = (u32)fbs[1].top_left;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400470 = 0x80341;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400474 = 0x00010501;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400478 = 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400494 = (u32)fbs[0].top_right;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400498 = (u32)fbs[1].top_right;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400490 = 0x000002D0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040049C = 0x00000000;
+
+    //Disco register
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 256; i++)
+        *(vu32 *)0x10400484 = 0x10101 * i;
+
+    //Bottom screen
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400500 = 0x000001c2;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400504 = 0x000000d1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400508 = 0x000001c1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040050c = 0x000001c1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400510 = 0x000000cd;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400514 = 0x000000cf;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400518 = 0x000000d1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040051c = 0x01c501c1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400520 = 0x00010000;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400524 = 0x0000019d;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400528 = 0x00000052;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040052c = 0x00000192;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400530 = 0x00000192;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400534 = 0x0000004f;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400538 = 0x00000050;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040053c = 0x00000052;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400540 = 0x01980194;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400544 = 0x00000000;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400548 = 0x00000011;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040055C = 0x00f00140;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400560 = 0x01c100d1;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400564 = 0x01920052;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400568 = (u32)fbs[0].bottom;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040056C = (u32)fbs[1].bottom;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400570 = 0x80301;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400574 = 0x00010501;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400578 = 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400590 = 0x000002D0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040059C = 0x00000000;
+
+    //Disco register
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 256; i++)
+        *(vu32 *)0x10400584 = 0x10101 * i;
+
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202204 = 0x00000000; //unset LCD fill
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A04 = 0x00000000;
+}
+
+static void setupFramebuffers(struct fb *fbs)
+{
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202204 = 0x01000000; //set LCD fill black to hide potential garbage -- NFIRM does it before firmlaunching
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A04 = 0x01000000;
+
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400468 = (u32)fbs[0].top_left;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040046c = (u32)fbs[1].top_left;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400494 = (u32)fbs[0].top_right;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400498 = (u32)fbs[1].top_right;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400568 = (u32)fbs[0].bottom;
+    *(vu32 *)0x1040056c = (u32)fbs[1].bottom;
+
+    //Set framebuffer format, framebuffer select and stride
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400470 = 0x80341;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400478 = 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400490 = 0x2D0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400570 = 0x80301;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400578 = 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400590 = 0x2D0;
+
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202204 = 0x00000000; //unset LCD fill
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A04 = 0x00000000;
+}
+
+static void clearScreens(struct fb *fb)
+{
+    //Setting up two simultaneous memory fills using the GPU
+
+    vu32 *REGs_PSC0 = (vu32 *)0x10400010,
+         *REGs_PSC1 = (vu32 *)0x10400020;
+
+    REGs_PSC0[0] = (u32)fb->top_left >> 3; //Start address
+    REGs_PSC0[1] = (u32)(fb->top_left + SCREEN_TOP_FBSIZE) >> 3; //End address
+    REGs_PSC0[2] = 0; //Fill value
+    REGs_PSC0[3] = (2 << 8) | 1; //32-bit pattern; start
+
+    REGs_PSC1[0] = (u32)fb->bottom >> 3; //Start address
+    REGs_PSC1[1] = (u32)(fb->bottom + SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE) >> 3; //End address
+    REGs_PSC1[2] = 0; //Fill value
+    REGs_PSC1[3] = (2 << 8) | 1; //32-bit pattern; start
+
+    while(!((REGs_PSC0[3] & 2) && (REGs_PSC1[3] & 2)));
+}
+
+static void swapFramebuffers(bool isAlternate)
+{
+    u32 isAlternateTmp = isAlternate ? 1 : 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400478 = (*(vu32 *)0x10400478 & 0xFFFFFFFE) | isAlternateTmp;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10400578 = (*(vu32 *)0x10400478 & 0xFFFFFFFE) | isAlternateTmp;
+}
+
+static void updateBrightness(u32 brightnessLevel)
+{
+    //Change brightness
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202240 = brightnessLevel;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A40 = brightnessLevel;
+}
+
+static void deinitScreens(void)
+{
+    //Shutdown LCDs
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202A44 = 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202244 = 0;
+    *(vu32 *)0x10202014 = 0;
+}
+
+void main(void)
+{
+    operation = ARM11_READY;
+
+    while(true)
+    {
+        switch(operation)
+        {
+            case ARM11_READY:
+                continue;
+            case INIT_SCREENS:
+                initScreens(*(vu32 *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS, (struct fb *)(ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS + 4));
+                break;
+            case SETUP_FRAMEBUFFERS:
+                setupFramebuffers((struct fb *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS);
+                break;
+            case CLEAR_SCREENS:
+                clearScreens((struct fb *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS);
+                break;
+            case SWAP_FRAMEBUFFERS:
+                swapFramebuffers(*(volatile bool *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS);
+                break;
+            case UPDATE_BRIGHTNESS:
+                updateBrightness(*(vu32 *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS);
+                break;
+            case DEINIT_SCREENS:
+                deinitScreens();
+                break;
+            case PREPARE_ARM11_FOR_FIRMLAUNCH:
+                memcpy((void *)0x1FFFFC00, (void *)prepareForFirmlaunch, prepareForFirmlaunchSize);
+                *(vu32 *)0x1FFFFFFC = 0;
+                ((void (*)(u32, volatile Arm11Operation *))0x1FFFFC00)(ARM11_READY, &operation);
+        }
+
+        operation = ARM11_READY;
+    }
+}

arm11/source/memory.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
-
 /*
 *   memcpy adapted from https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/557a8e8605ab3ee173af6497486e8f22c261d0e2/source/memfuncs.c
 */
@@ -34,4 +37,20 @@ void memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, u32 size)
 
     for(u32 i = 0; i < size; i++)
         destc[i] = srcc[i];
-}
+}
+
+void memset(void *dest, u32 filler, u32 size)
+{
+    u8 *destc = (u8 *)dest;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < size; i++)
+        destc[i] = (u8)filler;
+}
+
+void memset32(void *dest, u32 filler, u32 size)
+{
+    u32 *dest32 = (u32 *)dest;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < size / 4; i++)
+        dest32[i] = filler;
+}

arm11/source/memory.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
-
 /*
 *   memcpy adapted from https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/557a8e8605ab3ee173af6497486e8f22c261d0e2/source/memfuncs.c
 */
@@ -29,4 +32,6 @@
 
 #include "types.h"
 
-void memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, u32 size);
+void memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, u32 size);
+void memset(void *dest, u32 value, u32 size) __attribute__((used));
+void memset32(void *dest, u32 filler, u32 size);

arm11/source/start.s

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+@   This file is part of Luma3DS
+@   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+@
+@   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+@   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+@   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+@   (at your option) any later version.
+@
+@   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+@   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+@   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+@   GNU General Public License for more details.
+@
+@   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+@   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+@
+@   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+@       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+@         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+@         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+@       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+@         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+@         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+
+.section .text.start, "ax", %progbits
+.align 4
+.global _start
+.type   _start, %function
+_start:
+b start
+
+.global operation
+operation:
+    .word 0
+
+start:
+    @ Disable interrupts and switch to supervisor mode
+    cpsid aif, #0x13
+
+    @ Set the control register to reset default: everything disabled
+    ldr r0, =0x54078
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0
+
+    @ Set the auxiliary control register to reset default.
+    @ Enables instruction folding, static branch prediction,
+    @ dynamic branch prediction, and return stack.
+    mov r0, #0xF
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 1
+
+    @ Invalidate both caches, flush the prefetch buffer then DSB
+    mov r0, #0
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c5, 4
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c7, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c10, 4
+
+    ldr sp, =__stack_top__
+    mov fp, #0
+
+    @ Clear BSS
+    ldr r0, =__bss_start__
+    mov r1, #0
+    ldr r2, =__bss_end__
+    sub r2, r0
+    bl memset
+
+    @ Call the init array
+    bl __libc_init_array
+
+    b main
+
+.global prepareForFirmlaunch
+.type   prepareForFirmlaunch, %function
+prepareForFirmlaunch:
+    str r0, [r1]            @ tell Arm9 we're done
+    mov r0, #0x20000000
+
+    _wait_for_core0_entrypoint_loop:
+        ldr r1, [r0, #-4]   @ check if core0's entrypoint is 0
+        cmp r1, #0
+        beq _wait_for_core0_entrypoint_loop
+
+    bx r1                   @ jump to core0's entrypoint
+prepareForFirmlaunchEnd:
+
+.global prepareForFirmlaunchSize
+prepareForFirmlaunchSize: .word prepareForFirmlaunchEnd - prepareForFirmlaunch

arm11/source/types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+//Common data types
+typedef uint8_t u8;
+typedef uint16_t u16;
+typedef uint32_t u32;
+typedef uint64_t u64;
+typedef volatile u8 vu8;
+typedef volatile u16 vu16;
+typedef volatile u32 vu32;
+typedef volatile u64 vu64;
+
+#define SCREEN_TOP_WIDTH     400
+#define SCREEN_BOTTOM_WIDTH  320
+#define SCREEN_HEIGHT        240
+#define SCREEN_TOP_FBSIZE    (3 * SCREEN_TOP_WIDTH * SCREEN_HEIGHT)
+#define SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE (3 * SCREEN_BOTTOM_WIDTH * SCREEN_HEIGHT)
+#define ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS  0x1FFFF000
+
+struct fb {
+     u8 *top_left;
+     u8 *top_right;
+     u8 *bottom;
+};
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    INIT_SCREENS = 0,
+    SETUP_FRAMEBUFFERS,
+    CLEAR_SCREENS,
+    SWAP_FRAMEBUFFERS,
+    UPDATE_BRIGHTNESS,
+    DEINIT_SCREENS,
+    PREPARE_ARM11_FOR_FIRMLAUNCH,
+    ARM11_READY,
+} Arm11Operation;

arm9/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SUFFIXES:
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
+$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
+endif
+
+TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
+include $(DEVKITARM)/base_rules
+
+export REVISION			:=	$(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* --abbrev=8 | sed 's/-[0-9]*-g/-/')
+export VERSION_MAJOR	:=	$(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* | cut -c2- | cut -f1 -d- | cut -f1 -d.)
+export VERSION_MINOR	:=	$(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* | cut -c2- | cut -f1 -d- | cut -f2 -d.)
+export VERSION_BUILD	:=	$(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* | cut -c2- | cut -f1 -d- | cut -f3 -d.)
+export COMMIT			:=	$(shell git rev-parse --short=8 HEAD)
+export IS_RELEASE		:=	0
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(REVISION)),)
+	export REVISION			:=	v0.0.0-0
+	export VERSION_MAJOR	:=	0
+	export VERSION_MINOR	:=	0
+	export VERSION_BUILD	:=	0
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(COMMIT)),)
+	export COMMIT			:=	0
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(VERSION_BUILD)),)
+	export VERSION_BUILD	:=	0
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(strip $(shell git describe --tags --match v[0-9]* | grep -)),)
+	export IS_RELEASE		:=	1
+endif
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TARGET is the name of the output
+# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
+# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
+# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
+# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+APP_TITLE	:=	Luma3DS
+TARGET		:=	$(notdir $(CURDIR))
+BUILD		:=	build
+SOURCES		:=	source source/fatfs source/fatfs/sdmmc
+DATA		:=	data
+INCLUDES	:=	include
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# options for code generation
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ARCH	:=	-marm -march=armv5te -mtune=arm946e-s
+DEFINES :=	-DARM9 -D_3DS
+
+CFLAGS	:=	-g -std=gnu11 -Wall -Wextra -Werror -O2 -mword-relocations \
+			-fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections \
+			-Wno-main $(ARCH) $(DEFINES)
+
+CFLAGS	+=	$(INCLUDE)
+
+CXXFLAGS	:= $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -std=gnu++11
+
+ASFLAGS	:=	-g $(ARCH)
+LDFLAGS	=	-specs=$(TOPDIR)/linker.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)
+
+LIBS	:=
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
+# include and lib
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+LIBDIRS	:=
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
+# rules for different file extensions
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OUTPUT	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
+export TOPDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)
+
+export VPATH	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))
+
+export DEPSDIR	:=	$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export APP_TITLE	:=	$(notdir $(TOPDIR)/..)
+
+CFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
+CPPFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
+SFILES		:=	$(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
+BINFILES	:=	$(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CC)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	export LD	:=	$(CXX)
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export OFILES_BIN	:=	$(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES))
+export OFILES_SRC	:=	$(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
+export OFILES 		:=	$(OFILES_BIN) $(OFILES_SRC)
+export HFILES_BIN	:=	$(addsuffix .h,$(subst .,_,$(BINFILES)))
+
+export INCLUDE	:=	$(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
+			$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
+			-I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)
+
+export LIBPATHS	:=	$(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
+
+.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all: $(BUILD)
+
+$(BUILD):
+	@[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
+	@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+clean:
+	@echo clean ...
+	@rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).bin $(TARGET).elf
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+else
+.PHONY:	all
+
+DEPENDS	:=	$(OFILES:.o=.d)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# main targets
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+all	:	$(OUTPUT).elf
+
+$(OUTPUT).elf	:	$(OFILES)
+
+%.elf: $(OFILES)
+	@echo linking $(notdir $@)
+	@$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(OFILES) $(LIBPATHS) $(LIBS) -o $@
+	@$(NM) -CSn $@ > $(notdir $*.lst)
+
+$(OFILES_SRC)	: $(HFILES_BIN)
+
+memory.o strings.o:	CFLAGS +=	-O3
+config.o:			CFLAGS +=	-DCONFIG_TITLE="\"$(APP_TITLE) $(REVISION)_3gx_beta configuration\""
+patches.o:			CFLAGS +=	-DVERSION_MAJOR="$(VERSION_MAJOR)" -DVERSION_MINOR="$(VERSION_MINOR)"\
+								-DVERSION_BUILD="$(VERSION_BUILD)" -DISRELEASE="$(IS_RELEASE)" -DCOMMIT_HASH="0x$(COMMIT)"
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%.bin.o	%_bin.h :	%.bin
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+	@echo $(notdir $<)
+	@$(bin2o)
+
+-include $(DEPENDS)
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+endif
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

arm9/linker.ld

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-littlearm", "elf32-bigarm", "elf32-littlearm")
+OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
+ENTRY(_start)
+
+PHDRS
+{
+    crt0 PT_LOAD;
+    itcm PT_LOAD;
+    main PT_LOAD;
+}
+
+/* Mostly copied from https://github.com/devkitPro/buildscripts/blob/master/dkarm-eabi/crtls/3dsx.ld */
+MEMORY
+{
+    main                : ORIGIN = 0x08006000, LENGTH = 0x080F0000 - 0x08006000
+    itcm                : ORIGIN = 0x01FF8000, LENGTH = 0x01FFB800 - 0x01FF8000 /* Unused ITCM slice. */
+}
+
+SECTIONS
+{
+    PROVIDE(__start__           = 0x08006000);
+    PROVIDE(__stack_top__       = 0x08100000);
+    PROVIDE(__stack_bottom__    = 0x080F0000);
+
+    PROVIDE(__itcm_stack_top__    = 0x01FFB800);
+    PROVIDE(__itcm_stack_bottom__ = 0x01FFA800);
+
+    . = __start__;
+
+    .crt0 :
+    {
+        KEEP( *(.text.start) )
+        KEEP( *(.init) )
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+    } >main :crt0
+
+    .itcm_loadable :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__itcm_start__  = ABSOLUTE(.));
+        PROVIDE (__itcm_lma__    = LOADADDR(.itcm_loadable));
+
+        KEEP(*(.arm9_exception_handlers.text))
+        *(.arm9_exception_handlers.text*)
+        KEEP(*(.chainloader.text.start))
+
+        chainloader.o(.text*)
+        i2c.o(.text*)
+        arm9_exception_handlers.o(.text*)
+
+        *(.arm9_exception_handlers.rodata*)
+        chainloader.o(.rodata*)
+        i2c.o(.rodata*)
+        arm9_exception_handlers.o(.rodata*)
+
+        *(.arm9_exception_handlers.data*)
+        chainloader.o(.data*)
+        i2c.o(.data*)
+        arm9_exception_handlers.o(.data*)
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+    } >itcm AT>main :itcm
+
+    .itcm_bss (NOLOAD) :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+        PROVIDE (__itcm_bss_start__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+
+        *(.arm9_exception_handlers.bss*)
+        chainloader.o(.bss* COMMON)
+        i2c.o(.bss* COMMON)
+        arm9_exception_handlers.o(.bss* COMMON)
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+        PROVIDE (__itcm_end__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+    } >itcm :NONE
+
+    .text :
+    {
+        /* .text */
+        *(.text)
+        *(.text.*)
+        *(.glue_7)
+        *(.glue_7t)
+        *(.stub)
+        *(.gnu.warning)
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.t*)
+
+        /* .fini */
+        KEEP( *(.fini) )
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+    } >main :main
+
+    .rodata :
+    {
+        *(.rodata)
+        *(.roda)
+        *(.rodata.*)
+        *all.rodata*(*)
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
+        SORT(CONSTRUCTORS)
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+    } >main
+
+    .preinit_array :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__preinit_array_start = .);
+        KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
+        PROVIDE (__preinit_array_end = .);
+    } >main
+
+    .init_array ALIGN(4) :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__init_array_start = .);
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
+        KEEP (*(.init_array))
+        PROVIDE (__init_array_end = .);
+    } >main
+
+    .fini_array ALIGN(4) :
+    {
+        PROVIDE (__fini_array_start = .);
+        KEEP (*(.fini_array))
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
+        PROVIDE (__fini_array_end = .);
+    } >main
+
+    .ctors ALIGN(4) :
+    {
+        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors)) /* MUST be first -- GCC requires it */
+        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
+        KEEP (*(.ctors))
+        . = ALIGN(4);   /* REQUIRED. LD is flaky without it. */
+    } >main
+
+    .dtors ALIGN(4) :
+    {
+        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
+        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
+        KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
+        KEEP (*(.dtors))
+        . = ALIGN(4);   /* REQUIRED. LD is flaky without it. */
+    } >main
+
+    .ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) __exidx_start = ABSOLUTE(.);} >main
+    ARM.exidx : { *(.ARM.exidx* .gnu.linkonce.armexidx.*)  __exidx_end = ABSOLUTE(.);} >main
+
+    .data :
+    {
+        *(.data)
+        *(.data.*)
+        KEEP (*(.large_patch*))
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
+        CONSTRUCTORS
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+    } >main
+
+    .bss (NOLOAD) :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN(32);
+        PROVIDE (__bss_start__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+        *(.dynbss)
+        *(.bss)
+        *(.bss.*)
+        *(.gnu.linkonce.b*)
+        *(COMMON)
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        PROVIDE (__bss_end__ = ABSOLUTE(.));
+    } >main :NONE
+    __end__ = ABSOLUTE(.) ;
+
+    /* ==================
+       ==== Metadata ====
+       ================== */
+
+    /* Discard sections that difficult post-processing */
+    /DISCARD/ : { *(.group .comment .note) }
+
+    /* Stabs debugging sections. */
+    .stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
+    .stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
+    .stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
+    .stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
+    .stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
+    .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
+
+    /* DWARF debug sections.
+       Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
+       of the section so we begin them at 0. */
+
+    /* DWARF 1 */
+    .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
+    .line           0 : { *(.line) }
+
+    /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
+    .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
+    .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
+
+    /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
+    .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
+    .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
+
+    /* DWARF 2 */
+    .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info) }
+    .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
+    .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
+    .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
+    .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
+    .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
+    .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
+}

arm9/linker.specs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+%rename link                old_link
+
+*link:
+%(old_link) -T %:getenv(TOPDIR /linker.ld) --nmagic --gc-sections
+
+*startfile:
+crti%O%s crtbegin%O%s

arm9/source/3dsheaders.h

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Adapted from 3DBrew and https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/master/source/headers.h
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32 address;
+    u32 phyRegionSize;
+    u32 size;
+} CodeSetInfo;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32 saveDataSize[2];
+    u32 jumpID[2];
+    u8 reserved[0x30];
+} SystemInfo;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    char appTitle[8];
+    u8 reserved1[5];
+    u8 flag;
+    u8 remasterVersion[2];
+    CodeSetInfo textCodeSet;
+    u32 stackSize;
+    CodeSetInfo roCodeSet;
+    u8 reserved2[4];
+    CodeSetInfo dataCodeSet;
+    u32 bssSize;
+    char depends[0x180];
+    SystemInfo systemInfo;
+} SystemControlInfo;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    SystemControlInfo systemControlInfo;
+    u8 aci[0x200];
+    u8 accessDescSig[0x100];
+    u8 ncchPubKey[0x100];
+    u8 aciLim[0x200];
+} ExHeader;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u8 sig[0x100]; //RSA-2048 signature of the NCCH header, using SHA-256
+    char magic[4]; //NCCH
+    u32 contentSize; //Media unit
+    u8 partitionId[8];
+    u8 makerCode[2];
+    u16 version;
+    u8 reserved1[4];
+    u8 programID[8];
+    u8 reserved2[0x10];
+    u8 logoHash[0x20]; //Logo Region SHA-256 hash
+    char productCode[0x10];
+    u8 exHeaderHash[0x20]; //Extended header SHA-256 hash
+    u32 exHeaderSize; //Extended header size
+    u32 reserved3;
+    u8 flags[8];
+    u32 plainOffset; //Media unit
+    u32 plainSize; //Media unit
+    u32 logoOffset; //Media unit
+    u32 logoSize; //Media unit
+    u32 exeFsOffset; //Media unit
+    u32 exeFsSize; //Media unit
+    u32 exeFsHashSize; //Media unit
+    u32 reserved4;
+    u32 romFsOffset; //Media unit
+    u32 romFsSize; //Media unit
+    u32 romFsHashSize; //Media unit
+    u32 reserved5;
+    u8 exeFsHash[0x20]; //ExeFS superblock SHA-256 hash
+    u8 romFsHash[0x20]; //RomFS superblock SHA-256 hash
+} Ncch;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    Ncch ncch;
+    ExHeader exHeader;
+} Cxi;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    char sigIssuer[0x40];
+    u8 eccPubKey[0x3C];
+    u8 version;
+    u8 caCrlVersion;
+    u8 signerCrlVersion;
+    u8 titleKey[0x10];
+    u8 reserved1;
+    u8 ticketId[8];
+    u8 consoleId[4];
+    u8 titleId[8];
+    u8 reserved2[2];
+    u16 ticketTitleVersion;
+    u8 reserved3[8];
+    u8 licenseType;
+    u8 ticketCommonKeyYIndex; //Ticket common keyY index, usually 0x1 for retail system titles.
+    u8 reserved4[0x2A];
+    u8 unk[4]; //eShop Account ID?
+    u8 reserved5;
+    u8 audit;
+    u8 reserved6[0x42];
+    u8 limits[0x40];
+    u8 contentIndex[0xAC];
+} Ticket;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32 offset;
+    u8 *address;
+    u32 size;
+    u32 procType;
+    u8 hash[0x20];
+} FirmSection;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    char magic[4];
+    u32 reserved1;
+    u8 *arm11Entry;
+    u8 *arm9Entry;
+    u8 reserved2[0x30];
+    FirmSection section[4];
+} Firm;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u8 keyX[0x10];
+    u8 keyY[0x10];
+    u8 ctr[0x10];
+    char size[8];
+    u8 reserved[8];
+    u8 ctlBlock[0x10];
+    char magic[4];
+    u8 reserved2[0xC];
+    u8 slot0x16keyX[0x10];
+} Arm9Bin;

arm9/source/alignedseqmemcpy.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,18 +15,14 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
-
-#pragma once
-
 #include "types.h"
 
-#define NCSD_MAGIC 0x4453434E
-
-extern u32 emuOffset;
-
-void locateEmuNand(u32 *off, u32 *head, FirmwareSource *emuNand);
-void patchEmuNand(u8 *arm9Section, u32 arm9SectionSize, u8 *process9Offset, u32 process9Size, u32 emuHeader, u32 branchAdditive);
+void *alignedseqmemcpy(void *dst, const void *src, u32 len);

arm9/source/alignedseqmemcpy.s

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+@   This file is part of Luma3DS
+@   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+@
+@   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+@   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+@   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+@   (at your option) any later version.
+@
+@   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+@   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+@   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+@   GNU General Public License for more details.
+@
+@   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+@   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+@
+@   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+@       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+@         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+@         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+@       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+@         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+@         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+
+.section    .text.alignedseqmemcpy, "ax", %progbits
+.arm
+@ Align on cache line boundaries & make sure the loops don't cross them.
+.align      5
+.global     alignedseqmemcpy
+.type       alignedseqmemcpy, %function
+alignedseqmemcpy:
+    @ src=r1 and dst=r0 are expected to be 4-byte-aligned
+    push    {r4-r10, lr}
+
+    lsrs    r12, r2, #5
+    sub     r2, r2, r12, lsl #5
+    beq     2f
+
+1:
+    ldmia   r1!, {r3-r10}
+    stmia   r0!, {r3-r10}
+    subs    r12, #1
+    bne     1b
+
+2:
+    lsrs    r12, r2, #2
+    sub     r2, r2, r12, lsl #2
+    beq     4f
+
+3:
+    ldr     r3, [r1], #4
+    str     r3, [r0], #4
+    subs    r12, #1
+    bne     3b
+
+4:
+    tst     r2, #2
+    ldrneh  r3, [r1], #2
+    strneh  r3, [r0], #2
+
+    tst     r2, #1
+    ldrneb  r3, [r1], #1
+    strneb  r3, [r0], #1
+
+    pop     {r4-r10, pc}

arm9/source/arm9_exception_handlers.c

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "arm9_exception_handlers.h"
+#include "i2c.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+
+#define FINAL_BUFFER    0x25000000
+
+#define REG_DUMP_SIZE   4 * 17
+#define CODE_DUMP_SIZE  48
+
+void __attribute__((noreturn)) arm9ExceptionHandlerMain(u32 *registerDump, u32 type)
+{
+    ExceptionDumpHeader dumpHeader;
+
+    u8 codeDump[CODE_DUMP_SIZE];
+
+    dumpHeader.magic[0] = 0xDEADC0DE;
+    dumpHeader.magic[1] = 0xDEADCAFE;
+    dumpHeader.versionMajor = 1;
+    dumpHeader.versionMinor = 2;
+
+    dumpHeader.processor = 9;
+    dumpHeader.core = 0;
+    dumpHeader.type = type;
+
+    dumpHeader.registerDumpSize = REG_DUMP_SIZE;
+    dumpHeader.codeDumpSize = CODE_DUMP_SIZE;
+    dumpHeader.additionalDataSize = 0;
+
+    u32 cpsr = registerDump[16];
+    u32 pc   = registerDump[15] - (type < 3 ? (((cpsr & 0x20) != 0 && type == 1) ? 2 : 4) : 8);
+
+    registerDump[15] = pc;
+
+    //Dump code
+    u8 *instr = (u8 *)pc + ((cpsr & 0x20) ? 2 : 4) - dumpHeader.codeDumpSize; //wouldn't work well on 32-bit Thumb instructions, but it isn't much of a problem
+    dumpHeader.codeDumpSize = ((u32)instr & (((cpsr & 0x20) != 0) ? 1 : 3)) != 0 ? 0 : safecpy(codeDump, instr, dumpHeader.codeDumpSize);
+
+    //Copy register dump and code dump
+    u8 *final = (u8 *)(FINAL_BUFFER + sizeof(ExceptionDumpHeader));
+    final += safecpy(final, registerDump, dumpHeader.registerDumpSize);
+    final += safecpy(final, codeDump, dumpHeader.codeDumpSize);
+
+    //Dump stack in place
+    dumpHeader.stackDumpSize = safecpy(final, (const void *)registerDump[13], 0x1000 - (registerDump[13] & 0xFFF));
+
+    dumpHeader.totalSize = sizeof(ExceptionDumpHeader) + dumpHeader.registerDumpSize + dumpHeader.codeDumpSize + dumpHeader.stackDumpSize + dumpHeader.additionalDataSize;
+
+    //Copy header (actually optimized by the compiler)
+    *(ExceptionDumpHeader *)FINAL_BUFFER = dumpHeader;
+
+    if(ARESCREENSINITIALIZED) I2C_writeReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x22, 1 << 0); //Shutdown LCD
+
+    ((void (*)())0xFFFF0830)(); //Ensure that all memory transfers have completed and that the data cache has been flushed
+
+    I2C_writeReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x20, 1 << 2); //Reboot
+    while(true);
+}

arm9/source/arm9_exception_handlers.h

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+extern const u32 arm9ExceptionHandlerAddressTable[6];
+extern u32 arm9ExceptionHandlerSvcBreakAddress;
+
+u32 safecpy(void *dst, const void *src, u32 len);

arm9/source/arm9_exception_handlers_asm.s

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+@   This file is part of Luma3DS
+@   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+@
+@   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+@   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+@   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+@   (at your option) any later version.
+@
+@   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+@   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+@   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+@   GNU General Public License for more details.
+@
+@   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+@   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+@
+@   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+@       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+@         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+@         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+@       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+@         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+@         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+
+.macro GEN_USUAL_HANDLER name, index
+    \name\()Handler:
+        ldr sp, =_regs
+        stmia sp, {r0-r7}
+
+        mov r0, #\index
+        b _arm9ExceptionHandlerCommon
+.endm
+
+.section .arm9_exception_handlers.text, "ax", %progbits
+.arm
+.align 4
+
+.global _arm9ExceptionHandlerCommon
+.type   _arm9ExceptionHandlerCommon, %function
+_arm9ExceptionHandlerCommon:
+    mov r1, r0
+    mov r0, sp
+    mrs r2, spsr
+    mrs r3, cpsr
+    add r6, r0, #(8 * 4)
+
+    orr r3, #0xc0              @ mask interrupts
+    msr cpsr_cx, r3
+
+    ands r4, r2, #0xf          @ get the mode that triggered the exception
+    moveq r4, #0xf             @ usr => sys
+    bic r5, r3, #0xf
+    orr r5, r4
+    msr cpsr_c, r5             @ change processor mode
+    stmia r6!, {r8-lr}
+    msr cpsr_c, r3             @ restore processor mode
+
+    str lr, [r6], #4
+    str r2, [r6]
+
+    msr cpsr_cxsf, #0xdf       @ finally, switch to system mode, mask interrupts and clear flags (in case of double faults)
+    ldr sp, =0x02000000
+    b arm9ExceptionHandlerMain
+
+
+.global FIQHandler
+.type   FIQHandler, %function
+GEN_USUAL_HANDLER FIQ, 0
+
+.global undefinedInstructionHandler
+.type   undefinedInstructionHandler, %function
+GEN_USUAL_HANDLER undefinedInstruction, 1
+
+.global prefetchAbortHandler
+.type   prefetchAbortHandler, %function
+prefetchAbortHandler:
+    msr cpsr_cx, #0xd7                  @ mask interrupts (abort mode)
+    mrs sp, spsr
+    and sp, #0x3f
+    cmp sp, #0x13
+    bne _prefetchAbortNormalHandler
+
+    ldr sp, =arm9ExceptionHandlerSvcBreakAddress
+    ldr sp, [sp]
+    cmp sp, #0
+    beq _prefetchAbortNormalHandler
+    add sp, #(1*4 + 4)
+    cmp lr, sp
+    bne _prefetchAbortNormalHandler
+
+    mov sp, r8
+    pop {r8-r11}
+    ldr lr, [sp, #8]!
+    ldr sp, [sp, #4]
+    msr spsr_cxsf, sp
+    tst sp, #0x20
+    addne lr, #2                        @ adjust address for later
+
+    GEN_USUAL_HANDLER _prefetchAbortNormal, 2
+
+.global dataAbortHandler
+.type   dataAbortHandler, %function
+dataAbortHandler:
+    msr cpsr_cx, #0xd7                  @ mask interrupts (abort mode)
+    mrs sp, spsr
+    and sp, #0x3f
+    cmp sp, #0x1f
+    bne _dataAbortNormalHandler
+
+    sub lr, #8
+    adr sp, safecpy
+    cmp lr, sp
+    blo _j_dataAbortNormalHandler
+    adr sp, _safecpy_end
+    cmp lr, sp
+    bhs _j_dataAbortNormalHandler
+
+    msr spsr_f, #(1 << 30)
+    mov r12, #0
+    adds pc, lr, #4
+
+    _j_dataAbortNormalHandler:
+    add lr, #8
+
+    GEN_USUAL_HANDLER _dataAbortNormal, 3
+
+
+.global safecpy
+.type   safecpy, %function
+safecpy:
+    push {r4, lr}
+    mov r3, #0
+    movs r12, #1
+
+    _safecpy_loop:
+        ldrb r4, [r1, r3]
+        cmp r12, #0
+        beq _safecpy_loop_end
+        strb r4, [r0, r3]
+        add r3, #1
+        cmp r3, r2
+        blo _safecpy_loop
+
+    _safecpy_loop_end:
+    mov r0, r3
+    pop {r4, pc}
+
+_safecpy_end:
+
+.section .arm9_exception_handlers.rodata, "a", %progbits
+.align 4
+.global arm9ExceptionHandlerAddressTable
+arm9ExceptionHandlerAddressTable:
+    .word   0                               @ IRQ
+    .word   FIQHandler                      @ FIQ
+    .word   0                               @ SVC
+    .word   undefinedInstructionHandler     @ Undefined instruction
+    .word   prefetchAbortHandler            @ Prefetch abort
+    .word   dataAbortHandler                @ Data abort
+
+.section .arm9_exception_handlers.bss, "aw", %nobits
+.align 4
+
+.global arm9ExceptionHandlerSvcBreakAddress
+arm9ExceptionHandlerSvcBreakAddress:
+    .skip 4
+
+_regs: .skip (4 * 17)

arm9/source/buttons.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,9 +15,13 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
 #pragma once
@@ -39,8 +43,10 @@
 #define BUTTON_UP              (1 << 6)
 #define BUTTON_DOWN            (1 << 7)
 
+#define DPAD_BUTTONS           (BUTTON_LEFT | BUTTON_RIGHT | BUTTON_UP | BUTTON_DOWN)
 #define SAFE_MODE              (BUTTON_R1 | BUTTON_L1 | BUTTON_A | BUTTON_UP)
-#define SINGLE_PAYLOAD_BUTTONS (BUTTON_LEFT | BUTTON_RIGHT | BUTTON_UP | BUTTON_DOWN | BUTTON_START | BUTTON_X | BUTTON_Y)
-#define L_PAYLOAD_BUTTONS      (BUTTON_R1 | BUTTON_A | BUTTON_SELECT)
-#define MENU_BUTTONS           (BUTTON_LEFT | BUTTON_RIGHT | BUTTON_UP | BUTTON_DOWN | BUTTON_A | BUTTON_START)
-#define PIN_BUTTONS            (BUTTON_A | BUTTON_B | BUTTON_X | BUTTON_Y | BUTTON_LEFT | BUTTON_RIGHT | BUTTON_UP | BUTTON_DOWN | BUTTON_START)
+#define SINGLE_PAYLOAD_BUTTONS (BUTTON_B | BUTTON_X | BUTTON_Y)
+#define L_PAYLOAD_BUTTONS      (BUTTON_R1 | BUTTON_A | BUTTON_START | BUTTON_SELECT)
+#define MENU_BUTTONS           (DPAD_BUTTONS | BUTTON_A | BUTTON_START)
+#define PIN_BUTTONS            (BUTTON_A | BUTTON_B | BUTTON_X | BUTTON_Y | DPAD_BUTTONS | BUTTON_START | BUTTON_SELECT)
+#define NTRBOOT_BUTTONS        (BUTTON_START | BUTTON_SELECT | BUTTON_X)

arm9/source/cache.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,9 +15,13 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
 #pragma once
@@ -29,11 +33,11 @@
     The data cache and/or the instruction cache MUST be flushed before doing one of the following:
         - rebooting
         - powering down
-        - setting the ARM11 entrypoint to execute a function
+        - setting the Arm11 entrypoint to execute a function
         - jumping to a payload
 ***/
 
 void flushEntireDCache(void); //actually: "clean and flush"
 void flushDCacheRange(void *startAddress, u32 size);
 void flushEntireICache(void);
-void flushICacheRange(void *startAddress, u32 size);
+void flushICacheRange(void *startAddress, u32 size);

arm9/source/cache.s

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 @   This file is part of Luma3DS
-@   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+@   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 @
 @   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 @   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -14,11 +14,15 @@
 @   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 @   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 @
-@   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-@   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-@   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+@   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+@       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+@         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+@         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+@       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+@         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+@         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 
-.text
+.section .text.cache, "ax", %progbits
 .arm
 .align 4
 
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@
 flushEntireDCache:
     @ Adapted from http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0155a/ch03s03s05.html,
     @ and https://github.com/gemarcano/libctr9_io/blob/master/src/ctr_system_ARM.c#L39 as well
-    @ Note: ARM's example is actually for a 8KB DCache (which is what the 3DS has)
+    @ Note: Arm's example is actually for a 8KB DCache (which is what the 3DS has)
 
     @ Implemented in bootROM at address 0xffff0830
     mov r1, #0                          @ segment counter

arm9/source/chainloader.c

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "chainloader.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+
+void disableMpuAndJumpToEntrypoints(int argc, char **argv, void *arm11Entry, void *arm9Entry);
+
+#pragma GCC optimize (3)
+
+static void *xmemcpy(void *dst, const void *src, u32 len)
+{
+    const u8 *src8 = (const u8 *)src;
+    u8 *dst8 = (u8 *)dst;
+
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        dst8[i] = src8[i];
+    }
+
+    return dst;
+}
+
+static void doLaunchFirm(Firm *firm, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    //Copy FIRM sections to respective memory locations
+    for(u32 sectionNum = 0; sectionNum < 4; sectionNum++)
+        xmemcpy(firm->section[sectionNum].address, (u8 *)firm + firm->section[sectionNum].offset, firm->section[sectionNum].size);
+
+    disableMpuAndJumpToEntrypoints(argc, argv, firm->arm9Entry, firm->arm11Entry);
+
+    __builtin_unreachable();
+}
+
+void chainloader_main(int argc, char **argv, Firm *firm)
+{
+    char *argvPassed[2],
+         absPath[24 + 255];
+    struct fb fbs[2];
+
+    if(argc > 0)
+    {
+        u32 i;
+        for(i = 0; i < sizeof(absPath) - 1 && argv[0][i] != 0; i++)
+            absPath[i] = argv[0][i];
+        absPath[i] = 0;
+
+        argvPassed[0] = (char *)absPath;
+    }
+
+    if(argc == 2)
+    {
+        struct fb *fbsrc = (struct fb *)argv[1];
+
+        fbs[0] = fbsrc[0];
+        fbs[1] = fbsrc[1];
+
+        argvPassed[1] = (char *)&fbs;
+    }
+
+    doLaunchFirm(firm, argc, argvPassed);
+}

arm9/source/chainloader.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,15 +15,18 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "types.h"
+#include "firm.h"
 
-int strlen(const char *string);
-void concatenateStrings(char *destination, const char *source);
-void hexItoa(u32 number, char *out);
+void chainload(int argc, char **argv, Firm *firm);

arm9/source/config.c

@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "emunand.h"
+#include "buttons.h"
+#include "pin.h"
+
+CfgData configData;
+ConfigurationStatus needConfig;
+static CfgData oldConfig;
+
+bool readConfig(void)
+{
+    bool ret;
+
+    if(fileRead(&configData, CONFIG_FILE, sizeof(CfgData)) != sizeof(CfgData) ||
+       memcmp(configData.magic, "CONF", 4) != 0 ||
+       configData.formatVersionMajor != CONFIG_VERSIONMAJOR ||
+       configData.formatVersionMinor != CONFIG_VERSIONMINOR)
+    {
+        memset(&configData, 0, sizeof(CfgData));
+
+        ret = false;
+    }
+    else ret = true;
+
+    oldConfig = configData;
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void writeConfig(bool isConfigOptions)
+{
+    //If the configuration is different from previously, overwrite it.
+    if(needConfig != CREATE_CONFIGURATION && ((isConfigOptions && configData.config == oldConfig.config && configData.multiConfig == oldConfig.multiConfig) ||
+                                              (!isConfigOptions && configData.bootConfig == oldConfig.bootConfig))) return;
+
+    if(needConfig == CREATE_CONFIGURATION)
+    {
+        memcpy(configData.magic, "CONF", 4);
+        configData.formatVersionMajor = CONFIG_VERSIONMAJOR;
+        configData.formatVersionMinor = CONFIG_VERSIONMINOR;
+
+        needConfig = MODIFY_CONFIGURATION;
+    }
+
+    if(!fileWrite(&configData, CONFIG_FILE, sizeof(CfgData)))
+        error("Error writing the configuration file");
+}
+
+void configMenu(bool oldPinStatus, u32 oldPinMode)
+{
+    static const char *multiOptionsText[]  = { "Default EmuNAND: 1( ) 2( ) 3( ) 4( )",
+                                               "Screen brightness: 4( ) 3( ) 2( ) 1( )",
+                                               "Splash: Off( ) Before( ) After( ) payloads",
+                                               "Splash duration: 1( ) 3( ) 5( ) 7( ) seconds",
+                                               "PIN lock: Off( ) 4( ) 6( ) 8( ) digits",
+                                               "New 3DS CPU: Off( ) Clock( ) L2( ) Clock+L2( )",
+                                             };
+
+    static const char *singleOptionsText[] = { "( ) Autoboot EmuNAND",
+                                               "( ) Use EmuNAND FIRM if booting with R",
+                                               "( ) Enable loading external FIRMs and modules",
+                                               "( ) Enable game patching",
+                                               "( ) Show NAND or user string in System Settings",
+                                               "( ) Show GBA boot screen in patched AGB_FIRM",
+                                               "( ) Set developer UNITINFO",
+                                               "( ) Disable Arm11 exception handlers",
+                                               "( ) Enable Rosalina on SAFE_FIRM",
+                                             };
+
+    static const char *optionsDescription[]  = { "Select the default EmuNAND.\n\n"
+                                                 "It will be booted when no\n"
+                                                 "directional pad buttons are pressed.",
+
+                                                 "Select the screen brightness.",
+
+                                                 "Enable splash screen support.\n\n"
+                                                 "\t* 'Before payloads' displays it\n"
+                                                 "before booting payloads\n"
+                                                 "(intended for splashes that display\n"
+                                                 "button hints).\n\n"
+                                                 "\t* 'After payloads' displays it\n"
+                                                 "afterwards.",
+
+                                                 "Select how long the splash screen\n"
+                                                 "displays.\n\n"
+                                                 "This has no effect if the splash\n"
+                                                 "screen is not enabled.",
+
+                                                 "Activate a PIN lock.\n\n"
+                                                 "The PIN will be asked each time\n"
+                                                 "Luma3DS boots.\n\n"
+                                                 "4, 6 or 8 digits can be selected.\n\n"
+                                                 "The ABXY buttons and the directional\n"
+                                                 "pad buttons can be used as keys.\n\n"
+                                                 "A message can also be displayed\n"
+                                                 "(refer to the wiki for instructions).",
+
+                                                 "Select the New 3DS CPU mode.\n\n"
+                                                 "This won't apply to\n"
+                                                 "New 3DS exclusive/enhanced games.\n\n"
+                                                 "'Clock+L2' can cause issues with some\n"
+                                                 "games.",
+
+                                                 "If enabled, an EmuNAND\n"
+                                                 "will be launched on boot.\n\n"
+                                                 "Otherwise, SysNAND will.\n\n"
+                                                 "Hold L on boot to switch NAND.\n\n"
+                                                 "To use a different EmuNAND from the\n"
+                                                 "default, hold a directional pad button\n"
+                                                 "(Up/Right/Down/Left equal EmuNANDs\n"
+                                                 "1/2/3/4).",
+
+                                                 "If enabled, when holding R on boot\n"
+                                                 "SysNAND will be booted with an\n"
+                                                 "EmuNAND FIRM.\n\n"
+                                                 "Otherwise, an EmuNAND will be booted\n"
+                                                 "with the SysNAND FIRM.\n\n"
+                                                 "To use a different EmuNAND from the\n"
+                                                 "default, hold a directional pad button\n"
+                                                 "(Up/Right/Down/Left equal EmuNANDs\n"
+                                                 "1/2/3/4), also add A if you have\n"
+                                                 "a matching payload.",
+
+                                                 "Enable loading external FIRMs and\n"
+                                                 "system modules.\n\n"
+                                                 "This isn't needed in most cases.\n\n"
+                                                 "Refer to the wiki for instructions.",
+
+                                                 "Enable overriding the region and\n"
+                                                 "language configuration and the usage\n"
+                                                 "of patched code binaries, exHeaders,\n"
+                                                 "IPS code patches and LayeredFS\n"
+                                                 "for specific games.\n\n"
+                                                 "Also makes certain DLCs\n"
+                                                 "for out-of-region games work.\n\n"
+                                                 "Refer to the wiki for instructions.",
+
+                                                 "Enable showing the current NAND/FIRM:\n\n"
+                                                 "\t* Sys  = SysNAND\n"
+                                                 "\t* Emu  = EmuNAND 1\n"
+                                                 "\t* EmuX = EmuNAND X\n"
+                                                 "\t* SysE = SysNAND with EmuNAND 1 FIRM\n"
+                                                 "\t* SyEX = SysNAND with EmuNAND X FIRM\n"
+                                                 "\t* EmuS = EmuNAND 1 with SysNAND FIRM\n"
+                                                 "\t* EmXS = EmuNAND X with SysNAND FIRM\n\n"
+                                                 "or a user-defined custom string in\n"
+                                                 "System Settings.\n\n"
+                                                 "Refer to the wiki for instructions.",
+
+                                                 "Enable showing the GBA boot screen\n"
+                                                 "when booting GBA games.",
+
+                                                 "Make the console be always detected\n"
+                                                 "as a development unit, and conversely.\n"
+                                                 "(which breaks online features, amiibo\n"
+                                                 "and retail CIAs, but allows installing\n"
+                                                 "and booting some developer software).\n\n"
+                                                 "Only select this if you know what you\n"
+                                                 "are doing!",
+
+                                                 "Disables the fatal error exception\n"
+                                                 "handlers for the Arm11 CPU.\n\n"
+                                                 "Note: Disabling the exception handlers\n"
+                                                 "will disqualify you from submitting\n"
+                                                 "issues or bug reports to the Luma3DS\n"
+                                                 "GitHub repository!",
+
+                                                 "Enables Rosalina, the kernel ext.\n"
+                                                 "and sysmodule reimplementations on\n"
+                                                 "SAFE_FIRM (New 3DS only).\n\n"
+                                                 "Also suppresses QTM error 0xF96183FE,\n"
+                                                 "allowing to use 8.1-11.3 N3DS on\n"
+                                                 "New 2DS XL consoles.\n\n"
+                                                 "Only select this if you know what you\n"
+                                                 "are doing!",
+                                               };
+
+    FirmwareSource nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+    if(isSdMode)
+    {
+        nandType = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND;
+        locateEmuNand(&nandType);
+    }
+
+    struct multiOption {
+        u32 posXs[4];
+        u32 posY;
+        u32 enabled;
+        bool visible;
+    } multiOptions[] = {
+        { .visible = nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true  },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = ISN3DS },
+    };
+
+    struct singleOption {
+        u32 posY;
+        bool enabled;
+        bool visible;
+    } singleOptions[] = {
+        { .visible = nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND },
+        { .visible = nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible = true },
+        { .visible  = ISN3DS },
+    };
+
+    //Calculate the amount of the various kinds of options and pre-select the first single one
+    u32 multiOptionsAmount = sizeof(multiOptions) / sizeof(struct multiOption),
+        singleOptionsAmount = sizeof(singleOptions) / sizeof(struct singleOption),
+        totalIndexes = multiOptionsAmount + singleOptionsAmount - 1,
+        selectedOption = 0,
+        singleSelected = 0;
+    bool isMultiOption = false;
+
+    //Parse the existing options
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < multiOptionsAmount; i++)
+    {
+        //Detect the positions where the "x" should go
+        u32 optionNum = 0;
+        for(u32 j = 0; optionNum < 4 && j < strlen(multiOptionsText[i]); j++)
+            if(multiOptionsText[i][j] == '(') multiOptions[i].posXs[optionNum++] = j + 1;
+        while(optionNum < 4) multiOptions[i].posXs[optionNum++] = 0;
+
+        multiOptions[i].enabled = MULTICONFIG(i);
+    }
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < singleOptionsAmount; i++)
+        singleOptions[i].enabled = CONFIG(i);
+
+    initScreens();
+
+    static const char *bootTypes[] = { "B9S",
+                                       "B9S (ntrboot)",
+                                       "FIRM0",
+                                       "FIRM1" };
+
+    drawString(true, 10, 10, COLOR_TITLE, CONFIG_TITLE);
+    drawString(true, 10, 10 + SPACING_Y, COLOR_TITLE, "Press A to select, START to save");
+    drawFormattedString(false, 10, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 2 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_YELLOW, "Booted from %s via %s", isSdMode ? "SD" : "CTRNAND", bootTypes[(u32)bootType]);
+
+    //Character to display a selected option
+    char selected = 'x';
+
+    u32 endPos = 10 + 2 * SPACING_Y;
+
+    //Display all the multiple choice options in white
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < multiOptionsAmount; i++)
+    {
+        if(!multiOptions[i].visible) continue;
+
+        multiOptions[i].posY = endPos + SPACING_Y;
+        endPos = drawString(true, 10, multiOptions[i].posY, COLOR_WHITE, multiOptionsText[i]);
+        drawCharacter(true, 10 + multiOptions[i].posXs[multiOptions[i].enabled] * SPACING_X, multiOptions[i].posY, COLOR_WHITE, selected);
+    }
+
+    endPos += SPACING_Y / 2;
+
+    //Display all the normal options in white except for the first one
+    for(u32 i = 0, color = COLOR_RED; i < singleOptionsAmount; i++)
+    {
+        if(!singleOptions[i].visible) continue;
+
+        singleOptions[i].posY = endPos + SPACING_Y;
+        endPos = drawString(true, 10, singleOptions[i].posY, color, singleOptionsText[i]);
+        if(singleOptions[i].enabled) drawCharacter(true, 10 + SPACING_X, singleOptions[i].posY, color, selected);
+
+        if(color == COLOR_RED)
+        {
+            singleSelected = i;
+            selectedOption = i + multiOptionsAmount;
+            color = COLOR_WHITE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    drawString(false, 10, 10, COLOR_WHITE, optionsDescription[selectedOption]);
+
+    //Boring configuration menu
+    while(true)
+    {
+        u32 pressed;
+        do
+        {
+            pressed = waitInput(true) & MENU_BUTTONS;
+        }
+        while(!pressed);
+
+        if(pressed == BUTTON_START) break;
+
+        if(pressed != BUTTON_A)
+        {
+            //Remember the previously selected option
+            u32 oldSelectedOption = selectedOption;
+
+            while(true)
+            {
+                switch(pressed)
+                {
+                    case BUTTON_UP:
+                        selectedOption = !selectedOption ? totalIndexes : selectedOption - 1;
+                        break;
+                    case BUTTON_DOWN:
+                        selectedOption = selectedOption == totalIndexes ? 0 : selectedOption + 1;
+                        break;
+                    case BUTTON_LEFT:
+                        pressed = BUTTON_DOWN;
+                        selectedOption = 0;
+                        break;
+                    case BUTTON_RIGHT:
+                        pressed = BUTTON_UP;
+                        selectedOption = totalIndexes;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                if(selectedOption < multiOptionsAmount)
+                {
+                    if(!multiOptions[selectedOption].visible) continue;
+
+                    isMultiOption = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    singleSelected = selectedOption - multiOptionsAmount;
+
+                    if(!singleOptions[singleSelected].visible) continue;
+
+                    isMultiOption = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(selectedOption == oldSelectedOption) continue;
+
+            //The user moved to a different option, print the old option in white and the new one in red. Only print 'x's if necessary
+            if(oldSelectedOption < multiOptionsAmount)
+            {
+                drawString(true, 10, multiOptions[oldSelectedOption].posY, COLOR_WHITE, multiOptionsText[oldSelectedOption]);
+                drawCharacter(true, 10 + multiOptions[oldSelectedOption].posXs[multiOptions[oldSelectedOption].enabled] * SPACING_X, multiOptions[oldSelectedOption].posY, COLOR_WHITE, selected);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                u32 singleOldSelected = oldSelectedOption - multiOptionsAmount;
+                drawString(true, 10, singleOptions[singleOldSelected].posY, COLOR_WHITE, singleOptionsText[singleOldSelected]);
+                if(singleOptions[singleOldSelected].enabled) drawCharacter(true, 10 + SPACING_X, singleOptions[singleOldSelected].posY, COLOR_WHITE, selected);
+            }
+
+            if(isMultiOption) drawString(true, 10, multiOptions[selectedOption].posY, COLOR_RED, multiOptionsText[selectedOption]);
+            else drawString(true, 10, singleOptions[singleSelected].posY, COLOR_RED, singleOptionsText[singleSelected]);
+
+            drawString(false, 10, 10, COLOR_BLACK, optionsDescription[oldSelectedOption]);
+            drawString(false, 10, 10, COLOR_WHITE, optionsDescription[selectedOption]);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            //The selected option's status changed, print the 'x's accordingly
+            if(isMultiOption)
+            {
+                u32 oldEnabled = multiOptions[selectedOption].enabled;
+                drawCharacter(true, 10 + multiOptions[selectedOption].posXs[oldEnabled] * SPACING_X, multiOptions[selectedOption].posY, COLOR_BLACK, selected);
+                multiOptions[selectedOption].enabled = (oldEnabled == 3 || !multiOptions[selectedOption].posXs[oldEnabled + 1]) ? 0 : oldEnabled + 1;
+
+                if(selectedOption == BRIGHTNESS) updateBrightness(multiOptions[BRIGHTNESS].enabled);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                bool oldEnabled = singleOptions[singleSelected].enabled;
+                singleOptions[singleSelected].enabled = !oldEnabled;
+                if(oldEnabled) drawCharacter(true, 10 + SPACING_X, singleOptions[singleSelected].posY, COLOR_BLACK, selected);
+            }
+        }
+
+        //In any case, if the current option is enabled (or a multiple choice option is selected) we must display a red 'x'
+        if(isMultiOption) drawCharacter(true, 10 + multiOptions[selectedOption].posXs[multiOptions[selectedOption].enabled] * SPACING_X, multiOptions[selectedOption].posY, COLOR_RED, selected);
+        else if(singleOptions[singleSelected].enabled) drawCharacter(true, 10 + SPACING_X, singleOptions[singleSelected].posY, COLOR_RED, selected);
+    }
+
+    //Parse and write the new configuration
+    configData.multiConfig = 0;
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < multiOptionsAmount; i++)
+        configData.multiConfig |= multiOptions[i].enabled << (i * 2);
+
+    configData.config = 0;
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < singleOptionsAmount; i++)
+        configData.config |= (singleOptions[i].enabled ? 1 : 0) << i;
+
+    writeConfig(true);
+
+    u32 newPinMode = MULTICONFIG(PIN);
+
+    if(newPinMode != 0) newPin(oldPinStatus && newPinMode == oldPinMode, newPinMode);
+    else if(oldPinStatus)
+    {
+        if(!fileDelete(PIN_FILE))
+            error("Unable to delete PIN file");
+    }
+
+    while(HID_PAD & PIN_BUTTONS);
+    wait(2000ULL);
+}

arm9/source/config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+#define CONFIG(a)        (((configData.config >> (a)) & 1) != 0)
+#define MULTICONFIG(a)   ((configData.multiConfig >> (2 * (a))) & 3)
+#define BOOTCONFIG(a, b) ((configData.bootConfig >> (a)) & (b))
+
+#define CONFIG_FILE         "config.bin"
+#define CONFIG_VERSIONMAJOR 2
+#define CONFIG_VERSIONMINOR 4
+
+#define BOOTCFG_NAND         BOOTCONFIG(0, 7)
+#define BOOTCFG_FIRM         BOOTCONFIG(3, 7)
+#define BOOTCFG_NOFORCEFLAG  BOOTCONFIG(6, 1)
+#define BOOTCFG_NTRCARDBOOT  BOOTCONFIG(7, 1)
+
+enum multiOptions
+{
+    DEFAULTEMU = 0,
+    BRIGHTNESS,
+    SPLASH,
+    SPLASH_DURATION,
+    PIN,
+    NEWCPU
+};
+
+enum singleOptions
+{
+    AUTOBOOTEMU = 0,
+    USEEMUFIRM,
+    LOADEXTFIRMSANDMODULES,
+    PATCHGAMES,
+    PATCHVERSTRING,
+    SHOWGBABOOT,
+    PATCHUNITINFO,
+    DISABLEARM11EXCHANDLERS,
+    ENABLESAFEFIRMROSALINA,
+};
+
+typedef enum ConfigurationStatus
+{
+    DONT_CONFIGURE = 0,
+    MODIFY_CONFIGURATION,
+    CREATE_CONFIGURATION
+} ConfigurationStatus;
+
+extern CfgData configData;
+
+bool readConfig(void);
+void writeConfig(bool isConfigOptions);
+void configMenu(bool oldPinStatus, u32 oldPinMode);

arm9/source/crypto.c

@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Crypto libs from http://github.com/b1l1s/ctr
+*   kernel9Loader code originally adapted from https://github.com/Reisyukaku/ReiNand/blob/228c378255ba693133dec6f3368e14d386f2cde7/source/crypto.c#L233
+*   decryptNusFirm code adapted from https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/master/source/firm.c
+*   ctrNandWrite logic adapted from https://github.com/d0k3/GodMode9/blob/master/source/nand/nand.c
+*/
+
+#include "crypto.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "emunand.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "alignedseqmemcpy.h"
+#include "strings.h"
+#include "fatfs/sdmmc/sdmmc.h"
+
+/****************************************************************
+*                  Crypto libs
+****************************************************************/
+
+/* original version by megazig */
+
+#ifndef __thumb__
+#define BSWAP32(x) {\
+    __asm__\
+    (\
+        "eor r1, %1, %1, ror #16\n\t"\
+        "bic r1, r1, #0xFF0000\n\t"\
+        "mov %0, %1, ror #8\n\t"\
+        "eor %0, %0, r1, lsr #8\n\t"\
+        :"=r"(x)\
+        :"0"(x)\
+        :"r1"\
+    );\
+};
+
+#define ADD_u128_u32(u128_0, u128_1, u128_2, u128_3, u32_0) {\
+__asm__\
+    (\
+        "adds %0, %4\n\t"\
+        "addcss %1, %1, #1\n\t"\
+        "addcss %2, %2, #1\n\t"\
+        "addcs %3, %3, #1\n\t"\
+        : "+r"(u128_0), "+r"(u128_1), "+r"(u128_2), "+r"(u128_3)\
+        : "r"(u32_0)\
+        : "cc"\
+    );\
+}
+#else
+#define BSWAP32(x) {x = __builtin_bswap32(x);}
+
+#define ADD_u128_u32(u128_0, u128_1, u128_2, u128_3, u32_0) {\
+__asm__\
+    (\
+        "mov r4, #0\n\t"\
+        "add %0, %0, %4\n\t"\
+        "adc %1, %1, r4\n\t"\
+        "adc %2, %2, r4\n\t"\
+        "adc %3, %3, r4\n\t"\
+        : "+r"(u128_0), "+r"(u128_1), "+r"(u128_2), "+r"(u128_3)\
+        : "r"(u32_0)\
+        : "cc", "r4"\
+    );\
+}
+#endif /*__thumb__*/
+
+static void aes_setkey(u8 keyslot, const void *key, u32 keyType, u32 mode)
+{
+    u32 *key32 = (u32 *)key;
+    *REG_AESCNT = (*REG_AESCNT & ~(AES_CNT_INPUT_ENDIAN | AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER)) | mode;
+
+    if(keyslot <= 3)
+    {
+        if((mode & AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER) == AES_INPUT_TWLREVERSED)
+        {
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][0] = key32[3];
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][1] = key32[2];
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][2] = key32[1];
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][3] = key32[0];
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][0] = key32[0];
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][1] = key32[1];
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][2] = key32[2];
+            REGs_AESTWLKEYS[keyslot][keyType][3] = key32[3];
+        }
+    }
+
+    else if(keyslot < 0x40)
+    {
+        *REG_AESKEYCNT = (*REG_AESKEYCNT >> 6 << 6) | keyslot | AES_KEYCNT_WRITE;
+
+        REG_AESKEYFIFO[keyType] = key32[0];
+        REG_AESKEYFIFO[keyType] = key32[1];
+        REG_AESKEYFIFO[keyType] = key32[2];
+        REG_AESKEYFIFO[keyType] = key32[3];
+    }
+}
+
+static void aes_use_keyslot(u8 keyslot)
+{
+    if(keyslot > 0x3F)
+        return;
+
+    *REG_AESKEYSEL = keyslot;
+    *REG_AESCNT = *REG_AESCNT | 0x04000000; /* mystery bit */
+}
+
+static void aes_setiv(const void *iv, u32 mode)
+{
+    const u32 *iv32 = (const u32 *)iv;
+    *REG_AESCNT = (*REG_AESCNT & ~(AES_CNT_INPUT_ENDIAN | AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER)) | mode;
+
+    //Word order for IV can't be changed in REG_AESCNT and always default to reversed
+    if(mode & AES_INPUT_NORMAL)
+    {
+        REG_AESCTR[0] = iv32[3];
+        REG_AESCTR[1] = iv32[2];
+        REG_AESCTR[2] = iv32[1];
+        REG_AESCTR[3] = iv32[0];
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        REG_AESCTR[0] = iv32[0];
+        REG_AESCTR[1] = iv32[1];
+        REG_AESCTR[2] = iv32[2];
+        REG_AESCTR[3] = iv32[3];
+    }
+}
+
+static void aes_advctr(void *ctr, u32 val, u32 mode)
+{
+    u32 *ctr32 = (u32 *)ctr;
+
+    int i;
+    if(mode & AES_INPUT_BE)
+    {
+        for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i) //Endian swap
+            BSWAP32(ctr32[i]);
+    }
+
+    if(mode & AES_INPUT_NORMAL)
+    {
+        ADD_u128_u32(ctr32[3], ctr32[2], ctr32[1], ctr32[0], val);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ADD_u128_u32(ctr32[0], ctr32[1], ctr32[2], ctr32[3], val);
+    }
+
+    if(mode & AES_INPUT_BE)
+    {
+        for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i) //Endian swap
+            BSWAP32(ctr32[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+static void aes_change_ctrmode(void *ctr, u32 fromMode, u32 toMode)
+{
+    u32 *ctr32 = (u32 *)ctr;
+    int i;
+    if((fromMode ^ toMode) & AES_CNT_INPUT_ENDIAN)
+    {
+        for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+            BSWAP32(ctr32[i]);
+    }
+
+    if((fromMode ^ toMode) & AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER)
+    {
+        u32 temp = ctr32[0];
+        ctr32[0] = ctr32[3];
+        ctr32[3] = temp;
+
+        temp = ctr32[1];
+        ctr32[1] = ctr32[2];
+        ctr32[2] = temp;
+    }
+}
+
+static void aes_batch(void *dst, const void *src, u32 blockCount)
+{
+    *REG_AESBLKCNT = blockCount << 16;
+    *REG_AESCNT |=  AES_CNT_START;
+
+    const u32 *src32    = (const u32 *)src;
+    u32 *dst32          = (u32 *)dst;
+
+    u32 wbc = blockCount;
+    u32 rbc = blockCount;
+
+    while(rbc)
+    {
+        if(wbc && ((*REG_AESCNT & 0x1F) <= 0xC)) //There's space for at least 4 ints
+        {
+            *REG_AESWRFIFO = *src32++;
+            *REG_AESWRFIFO = *src32++;
+            *REG_AESWRFIFO = *src32++;
+            *REG_AESWRFIFO = *src32++;
+            wbc--;
+        }
+
+        if(rbc && ((*REG_AESCNT & (0x1F << 0x5)) >= (0x4 << 0x5))) //At least 4 ints available for read
+        {
+            *dst32++ = *REG_AESRDFIFO;
+            *dst32++ = *REG_AESRDFIFO;
+            *dst32++ = *REG_AESRDFIFO;
+            *dst32++ = *REG_AESRDFIFO;
+            rbc--;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void aes(void *dst, const void *src, u32 blockCount, void *iv, u32 mode, u32 ivMode)
+{
+    *REG_AESCNT =   mode |
+                    AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER | AES_CNT_OUTPUT_ORDER |
+                    AES_CNT_INPUT_ENDIAN | AES_CNT_OUTPUT_ENDIAN |
+                    AES_CNT_FLUSH_READ | AES_CNT_FLUSH_WRITE;
+
+    u32 blocks;
+    while(blockCount != 0)
+    {
+        if((mode & AES_ALL_MODES) != AES_ECB_ENCRYPT_MODE
+        && (mode & AES_ALL_MODES) != AES_ECB_DECRYPT_MODE)
+            aes_setiv(iv, ivMode);
+
+        blocks = (blockCount >= 0xFFFF) ? 0xFFFF : blockCount;
+
+        //Save the last block for the next decryption CBC batch's iv
+        if((mode & AES_ALL_MODES) == AES_CBC_DECRYPT_MODE)
+        {
+            memcpy(iv, src + (blocks - 1) * AES_BLOCK_SIZE, AES_BLOCK_SIZE);
+            aes_change_ctrmode(iv, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL, ivMode);
+        }
+
+        //Process the current batch
+        aes_batch(dst, src, blocks);
+
+        //Save the last block for the next encryption CBC batch's iv
+        if((mode & AES_ALL_MODES) == AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_MODE)
+        {
+            memcpy(iv, dst + (blocks - 1) * AES_BLOCK_SIZE, AES_BLOCK_SIZE);
+            aes_change_ctrmode(iv, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL, ivMode);
+        }
+
+        //Advance counter for CTR mode
+        else if((mode & AES_ALL_MODES) == AES_CTR_MODE)
+            aes_advctr(iv, blocks, ivMode);
+
+        src += blocks * AES_BLOCK_SIZE;
+        dst += blocks * AES_BLOCK_SIZE;
+        blockCount -= blocks;
+    }
+}
+
+static void sha_wait_idle()
+{
+    while(*REG_SHA_CNT & 1);
+}
+
+void sha(void *res, const void *src, u32 size, u32 mode)
+{
+    sha_wait_idle();
+    *REG_SHA_CNT = mode | SHA_CNT_OUTPUT_ENDIAN | SHA_NORMAL_ROUND;
+
+    const u8 *src8 = (const u8 *)src;
+    while(size >= 0x40)
+    {
+        sha_wait_idle();
+        alignedseqmemcpy((void *)REG_SHA_INFIFO, src8, 0x40);
+
+        src8 += 0x40;
+        size -= 0x40;
+    }
+
+    sha_wait_idle();
+    alignedseqmemcpy((void *)REG_SHA_INFIFO, src8, size);
+
+    *REG_SHA_CNT = (*REG_SHA_CNT & ~SHA_NORMAL_ROUND) | SHA_FINAL_ROUND;
+
+    while(*REG_SHA_CNT & SHA_FINAL_ROUND);
+    sha_wait_idle();
+
+    u32 hashSize = SHA_256_HASH_SIZE;
+    if(mode == SHA_224_MODE)
+        hashSize = SHA_224_HASH_SIZE;
+    else if(mode == SHA_1_MODE)
+        hashSize = SHA_1_HASH_SIZE;
+
+    alignedseqmemcpy(res, (void *)REG_SHA_HASH, hashSize);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************/
+
+__attribute__((aligned(4))) static u8 nandCtr[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+static u8 nandSlot;
+static u32 fatStart = 0;
+
+FirmwareSource firmSource = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+
+__attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 key1s[2][AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {
+    {0x07, 0x29, 0x44, 0x38, 0xF8, 0xC9, 0x75, 0x93, 0xAA, 0x0E, 0x4A, 0xB4, 0xAE, 0x84, 0xC1, 0xD8},
+    {0xA2, 0xF4, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x7A, 0x95, 0x10, 0x25, 0xDF, 0x4E, 0x9E, 0x74, 0xE3, 0x0C, 0x92, 0x99}
+},
+                                            key2s[2][AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {
+    {0x42, 0x3F, 0x81, 0x7A, 0x23, 0x52, 0x58, 0x31, 0x6E, 0x75, 0x8E, 0x3A, 0x39, 0x43, 0x2E, 0xD0},
+    {0xFF, 0x77, 0xA0, 0x9A, 0x99, 0x81, 0xE9, 0x48, 0xEC, 0x51, 0xC9, 0x32, 0x5D, 0x14, 0xEC, 0x25}
+};
+
+int ctrNandInit(void)
+{
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 cid[AES_BLOCK_SIZE],
+                                   shaSum[SHA_256_HASH_SIZE];
+
+    sdmmc_get_cid(1, (u32 *)cid);
+    sha(shaSum, cid, sizeof(cid), SHA_256_MODE);
+    memcpy(nandCtr, shaSum, sizeof(nandCtr));
+
+    nandSlot = ISN3DS ? 0x05 : 0x04;
+
+    int result;
+    u8 __attribute__((aligned(4))) temp[0x200];
+
+    //Read NCSD header
+    result = firmSource == FIRMWARE_SYSNAND ? sdmmc_nand_readsectors(0, 1, temp) : sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(emuHeader, 1, temp);
+
+    if(!result)
+    {
+        u32 partitionNum = 1; //TWL partitions need to be first
+        for(u8 *partitionId = temp + 0x111; *partitionId != 1; partitionId++, partitionNum++);
+
+        u32 ctrMbrOffset = *((u32 *)(temp + 0x120) + (2 * partitionNum));
+
+        //Read CTR MBR
+        result = ctrNandRead(ctrMbrOffset, 1, temp);
+
+        //Calculate final CTRNAND FAT offset
+        if(!result) fatStart = ctrMbrOffset + *(u32 *)(temp + 0x1C6);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+int ctrNandRead(u32 sector, u32 sectorCount, u8 *outbuf)
+{
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 tmpCtr[sizeof(nandCtr)];
+    memcpy(tmpCtr, nandCtr, sizeof(nandCtr));
+    aes_advctr(tmpCtr, ((sector + fatStart) * 0x200) / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    //Read
+    int result;
+    if(firmSource == FIRMWARE_SYSNAND)
+        result = sdmmc_nand_readsectors(sector + fatStart, sectorCount, outbuf);
+    else
+    {
+        sector += emuOffset;
+        result = sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(sector + fatStart, sectorCount, outbuf);
+    }
+
+    //Decrypt
+    aes_use_keyslot(nandSlot);
+    aes(outbuf, outbuf, sectorCount * 0x200 / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, tmpCtr, AES_CTR_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+int ctrNandWrite(u32 sector, u32 sectorCount, const u8 *inbuf)
+{
+    u8 *buffer = (u8 *)0xFFF00000;
+    u32 bufferSize = 0x4000;
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 tmpCtr[sizeof(nandCtr)];
+    memcpy(tmpCtr, nandCtr, sizeof(nandCtr));
+    aes_advctr(tmpCtr, ((sector + fatStart) * 0x200) / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_use_keyslot(nandSlot);
+
+    int result = 0;
+    for(u32 tempSector = 0; tempSector < sectorCount && !result; tempSector += bufferSize / 0x200)
+    {
+        u32 tempCount = (bufferSize / 0x200) < (sectorCount - tempSector) ? (bufferSize / 0x200) : (sectorCount - tempSector);
+
+        memcpy(buffer, inbuf + (tempSector * 0x200), tempCount * 0x200);
+
+        //Encrypt
+        aes(buffer, buffer, tempCount * 0x200 / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, tmpCtr, AES_CTR_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+        //Write
+        result = sdmmc_nand_writesectors(tempSector + sector + fatStart, tempCount, buffer);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+u32 decryptExeFs(Cxi *cxi)
+{
+    if(memcmp(cxi->ncch.magic, "NCCH", 4) != 0) return 0;
+
+    if(cxi->ncch.exeFsOffset != 5) return 0;
+
+    u8 *exeFsOffset = (u8 *)cxi + 6 * 0x200;
+    u32 exeFsSize = (cxi->ncch.exeFsSize - 1) * 0x200;
+
+    if(exeFsSize > 0x400000) return 0;
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 ncchCtr[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 8; i++)
+        ncchCtr[7 - i] = cxi->ncch.partitionId[i];
+    ncchCtr[8] = 2;
+
+    aes_setkey(0x2C, cxi, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_advctr(ncchCtr, 0x200 / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x2C);
+    aes(cxi, exeFsOffset, exeFsSize / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, ncchCtr, AES_CTR_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    return memcmp(cxi, "FIRM", 4) == 0 ? exeFsSize : 0;
+}
+
+u32 decryptNusFirm(const Ticket *ticket, Cxi *cxi, u32 ncchSize)
+{
+    if(memcmp(ticket->sigIssuer, "Root", 4) != 0) return 0;
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 keyY0x3D[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0x0C, 0x76, 0x72, 0x30, 0xF0, 0x99, 0x8F, 0x1C, 0x46, 0x82, 0x82, 0x02, 0xFA, 0xAC, 0xBE, 0x4C};
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 titleKey[AES_BLOCK_SIZE],
+                                   cetkIv[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+    memcpy(titleKey, ticket->titleKey, sizeof(titleKey));
+    memcpy(cetkIv, ticket->titleId, sizeof(ticket->titleId));
+
+    aes_setkey(0x3D, keyY0x3D, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x3D);
+    aes(titleKey, titleKey, 1, cetkIv, AES_CBC_DECRYPT_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 ncchIv[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+
+    aes_setkey(0x16, titleKey, AES_KEYNORMAL, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x16);
+    aes(cxi, cxi, ncchSize / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, ncchIv, AES_CBC_DECRYPT_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    return decryptExeFs(cxi);
+}
+
+static inline void twlConsoleInfoInit(void)
+{
+    u64 twlConsoleId = ISDEVUNIT ? OTP_DEVCONSOLEID : (0x80000000ULL | (*(vu64 *)0x01FFB808 ^ 0x8C267B7B358A6AFULL));
+    CFG_TWLUNITINFO = CFG_UNITINFO;
+    OTP_TWLCONSOLEID = twlConsoleId;
+
+    *REG_AESCNT = 0;
+
+    vu32 *k3X = REGs_AESTWLKEYS[3][1],
+         *k1X = REGs_AESTWLKEYS[1][1];
+
+    k3X[0] = (u32)twlConsoleId;
+    k3X[3] = (u32)(twlConsoleId >> 32);
+
+    k1X[2] = (u32)(twlConsoleId >> 32);
+    k1X[3] = (u32)twlConsoleId;
+
+    aes_setkey(2, (u8 *)0x01FFD398, AES_KEYX, AES_INPUT_TWLNORMAL);
+    if(CFG_TWLUNITINFO != 0)
+    {
+        __attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 key2YDev[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0x3B, 0x06, 0x86, 0x57, 0x33, 0x04, 0x88, 0x11, 0x49, 0x04, 0x6B, 0x33, 0x12, 0x02, 0xAC, 0xF3},
+                                                    key3YDev[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0xAA, 0xBF, 0x76, 0xF1, 0x7A, 0xB8, 0xE8, 0x66, 0x97, 0x64, 0x6A, 0x26, 0x05, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE1};
+
+        k3X[1] = 0xEE7A4B1E;
+        k3X[2] = 0xAF42C08B;
+        aes_setkey(2, key2YDev, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_TWLNORMAL);
+        aes_setkey(3, key3YDev, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_TWLNORMAL);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        u32 last3YWord = 0xE1A00005;
+        __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 key3YRetail[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+        memcpy(key3YRetail, (u8 *)0x01FFD3C8, 12);
+        memcpy(key3YRetail + 12, &last3YWord, 4);
+
+        k3X[1] = *(vu32 *)0x01FFD3A8; //"NINT"
+        k3X[2] = *(vu32 *)0x01FFD3AC; //"ENDO"
+        aes_setkey(2, (u8 *)0x01FFD220, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_TWLNORMAL);
+        aes_setkey(3, key3YRetail, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_TWLNORMAL);
+    }
+}
+
+void setupKeyslots(void)
+{
+    //Setup 0x24 KeyY
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 keyY0x24[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0x74, 0xCA, 0x07, 0x48, 0x84, 0xF4, 0x22, 0x8D, 0xEB, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0xA7, 0x2D, 0x28, 0x77, 0x62};
+    aes_setkey(0x24, keyY0x24, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    //Setup 0x25 KeyX and 0x2F KeyY
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 keyX0x25s[2][AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {
+        {0xCE, 0xE7, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x30, 0xC0, 0x0D, 0xAE, 0x85, 0x0E, 0xF5, 0xE3, 0x82, 0xAC, 0x5A, 0xF3},
+        {0x81, 0x90, 0x7A, 0x4B, 0x6F, 0x1B, 0x47, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x67, 0x79, 0x74, 0xCE, 0x4A, 0xD7, 0x1B}
+    },
+                                                keyY0x2Fs[2][AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {
+        {0xC3, 0x69, 0xBA, 0xA2, 0x1E, 0x18, 0x8A, 0x88, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0x94, 0xE5, 0x50, 0x6A, 0x9F, 0x16},
+        {0x73, 0x25, 0xC4, 0xEB, 0x14, 0x3A, 0x0D, 0x5F, 0x5D, 0xB6, 0xE5, 0xC5, 0x7A, 0x21, 0x95, 0xAC}
+    };
+
+    aes_setkey(0x25, keyX0x25s[ISDEVUNIT ? 1 : 0], AES_KEYX, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_setkey(0x2F, keyY0x2Fs[ISDEVUNIT ? 1 : 0], AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    if(ISN3DS)
+    {
+        //Setup 0x05 KeyY
+        __attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 keyY0x5[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] =  {0x4D, 0x80, 0x4F, 0x4E, 0x99, 0x90, 0x19, 0x46, 0x13, 0xA2, 0x04, 0xAC, 0x58, 0x44, 0x60, 0xBE};
+        aes_setkey(0x05, keyY0x5,  AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    }
+
+    //Setup TWL keys
+    twlConsoleInfoInit();
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 keyBlocks[2][AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {
+        {0xA4, 0x8D, 0xE4, 0xF1, 0x0B, 0x36, 0x44, 0xAA, 0x90, 0x31, 0x28, 0xFF, 0x4D, 0xCA, 0x76, 0xDF},
+        {0xDD, 0xDA, 0xA4, 0xC6, 0x2C, 0xC4, 0x50, 0xE9, 0xDA, 0xB6, 0x9B, 0x0D, 0x9D, 0x2A, 0x21, 0x98}
+    },                             decKey[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+    //Initialize Key 0x18
+    aes_setkey(0x11, key1s[ISDEVUNIT ? 1 : 0], AES_KEYNORMAL, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x11);
+    aes(decKey, keyBlocks[0], 1, NULL, AES_ECB_DECRYPT_MODE, 0);
+    aes_setkey(0x18, decKey, AES_KEYX, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    //Initialize Key 0x19-0x1F
+    aes_setkey(0x11, key2s[ISDEVUNIT ? 1 : 0], AES_KEYNORMAL, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x11);
+    for(u8 slot = 0x19; slot < 0x20; slot++, keyBlocks[1][0xF]++)
+    {
+        aes(decKey, keyBlocks[1], 1, NULL, AES_ECB_DECRYPT_MODE, 0);
+        aes_setkey(slot, decKey, AES_KEYX, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    }
+}
+
+void kernel9Loader(Arm9Bin *arm9Section)
+{
+    //Determine the kernel9loader version
+    u32 k9lVersion;
+    switch(arm9Section->magic[3])
+    {
+        case 0xFF:
+            k9lVersion = 0;
+            break;
+        case '1':
+            k9lVersion = 1;
+            break;
+        default:
+            k9lVersion = 2;
+    }
+
+    u32 *startOfArm9Bin = (u32 *)((u8 *)arm9Section + 0x800);
+    if(*startOfArm9Bin == 0x47704770 || *startOfArm9Bin == 0xB0862000) return; //Already decrypted
+
+    aes_setkey(0x11, k9lVersion == 2 ? key2s[ISDEVUNIT ? 1 : 0] : key1s[ISDEVUNIT ? 1 : 0], AES_KEYNORMAL, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    u8 arm9BinSlot = k9lVersion == 0 ? 0x15 : 0x16;
+
+    // Get size
+    u32 arm9SectionSize = decAtoi(arm9Section->size, 8);
+
+    //Set keyX
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 keyX[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x11);
+    aes(keyX, k9lVersion == 0 ? arm9Section->keyX : arm9Section->slot0x16keyX, 1, NULL, AES_ECB_DECRYPT_MODE, 0);
+    aes_setkey(arm9BinSlot, keyX, AES_KEYX, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    //Set keyY
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 keyY[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    memcpy(keyY, arm9Section->keyY, sizeof(keyY));
+    aes_setkey(arm9BinSlot, keyY, AES_KEYY, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    //Set CTR
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 arm9BinCtr[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    memcpy(arm9BinCtr, arm9Section->ctr, sizeof(arm9BinCtr));
+
+    //Decrypt Arm9 binary
+    aes_use_keyslot(arm9BinSlot);
+    aes(startOfArm9Bin, startOfArm9Bin, arm9SectionSize / AES_BLOCK_SIZE, arm9BinCtr, AES_CTR_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+
+    if(*startOfArm9Bin != 0x47704770 && *startOfArm9Bin != 0xB0862000) error("Failed to decrypt the Arm9 binary.");
+}
+
+void computePinHash(u8 *outbuf, const u8 *inbuf)
+{
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 cid[AES_BLOCK_SIZE],
+                                   cipherText[AES_BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+    sdmmc_get_cid(1, (u32 *)cid);
+    aes_use_keyslot(0x04); //Console-unique keyslot whose keys are set by the Arm9 bootROM
+    aes(cipherText, inbuf, 1, cid, AES_CBC_ENCRYPT_MODE, AES_INPUT_BE | AES_INPUT_NORMAL);
+    sha(outbuf, cipherText, sizeof(cipherText), SHA_256_MODE);
+}

arm9/source/crypto.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,13 +15,20 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
 /*
 *   Crypto libs from http://github.com/b1l1s/ctr
+*   kernel9Loader code originally adapted from https://github.com/Reisyukaku/ReiNand/blob/228c378255ba693133dec6f3368e14d386f2cde7/source/crypto.c#L233
+*   decryptNusFirm code adapted from https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/master/source/firm.c
+*   ctrNandWrite logic adapted from https://github.com/d0k3/GodMode9/blob/master/source/nand/nand.c
 */
 
 #pragma once
@@ -41,6 +48,8 @@
 #define REG_AESKEYXFIFO     ((vu32 *)0x10009104)
 #define REG_AESKEYYFIFO     ((vu32 *)0x10009108)
 
+#define REGs_AESTWLKEYS     (*((vu32 (*)[4][3][4])0x10009040))
+
 #define AES_CCM_DECRYPT_MODE    (0u << 27)
 #define AES_CCM_ENCRYPT_MODE    (1u << 27)
 #define AES_CTR_MODE            (2u << 27)
@@ -59,10 +68,12 @@
 #define AES_CNT_FLUSH_READ      0x00000800
 #define AES_CNT_FLUSH_WRITE     0x00000400
 
-#define AES_INPUT_BE        (AES_CNT_INPUT_ENDIAN)
-#define AES_INPUT_LE        0
-#define AES_INPUT_NORMAL    (AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER)
-#define AES_INPUT_REVERSED  0
+#define AES_INPUT_BE            (AES_CNT_INPUT_ENDIAN)
+#define AES_INPUT_LE            0
+#define AES_INPUT_NORMAL        (AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER)
+#define AES_INPUT_REVERSED      0
+#define AES_INPUT_TWLNORMAL     0
+#define AES_INPUT_TWLREVERSED   (AES_CNT_INPUT_ORDER)
 
 #define AES_BLOCK_SIZE      0x10
 
@@ -99,13 +110,15 @@
 #define SHA_224_HASH_SIZE   (224 / 8)
 #define SHA_1_HASH_SIZE     (160 / 8)
 
-extern u32 emuOffset;
-extern bool isN3DS, isDevUnit;
 extern FirmwareSource firmSource;
 
-void ctrNandInit(void);
-u32 ctrNandRead(u32 sector, u32 sectorCount, u8 *outbuf);
-void setRSAMod0DerivedKeys(void);
-void decryptExeFs(u8 *inbuf);
-void arm9Loader(u8 *arm9Section);
-void computePinHash(u8 *out, u8 *in);
+void sha(void *res, const void *src, u32 size, u32 mode);
+
+int ctrNandInit(void);
+int ctrNandRead(u32 sector, u32 sectorCount, u8 *outbuf);
+int ctrNandWrite(u32 sector, u32 sectorCount, const u8 *inbuf);
+u32 decryptExeFs(Cxi *cxi);
+u32 decryptNusFirm(const Ticket *ticket, Cxi *cxi, u32 ncchSize);
+void setupKeyslots(void);
+void kernel9Loader(Arm9Bin *arm9Section);
+void computePinHash(u8 *outbuf, const u8 *inbuf);

arm9/source/draw.c

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Code to print to the screen by mid-kid @CakesFW
+*   https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan
+*/
+
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+#include "font.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+bool loadSplash(void)
+{
+    static const char *topSplashFile = "splash.bin",
+                      *bottomSplashFile = "splashbottom.bin";
+
+    bool isTopSplashValid = getFileSize(topSplashFile) == SCREEN_TOP_FBSIZE,
+         isBottomSplashValid = getFileSize(bottomSplashFile) == SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE;
+
+    //Don't delay boot nor init the screens if no splash images or invalid splash images are on the SD
+    if(!isTopSplashValid && !isBottomSplashValid) return false;
+
+    initScreens();
+
+    if(isTopSplashValid) isTopSplashValid = fileRead(fbs[1].top_left, topSplashFile, SCREEN_TOP_FBSIZE) == SCREEN_TOP_FBSIZE;
+    if(isBottomSplashValid) isBottomSplashValid = fileRead(fbs[1].bottom, bottomSplashFile, SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE) == SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE;
+
+    if(!isTopSplashValid && !isBottomSplashValid) return false;
+
+    swapFramebuffers(true);
+
+    u32 durationIndex = MULTICONFIG(SPLASH_DURATION);
+    wait(1000ULL + (durationIndex * 2000ULL));
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void drawCharacter(bool isTopScreen, u32 posX, u32 posY, u32 color, char character)
+{
+    u8 *select = isTopScreen ? fbs[0].top_left : fbs[0].bottom;
+
+    for(u32 y = 0; y < 8; y++)
+    {
+        char charPos = font[character * 8 + y];
+
+        for(u32 x = 0; x < 8; x++)
+            if(((charPos >> (7 - x)) & 1) == 1)
+            {
+                u32 screenPos = (posX * SCREEN_HEIGHT * 3 + (SCREEN_HEIGHT - y - posY - 1) * 3) + x * 3 * SCREEN_HEIGHT;
+
+                select[screenPos] = color >> 16;
+                select[screenPos + 1] = color >> 8;
+                select[screenPos + 2] = color;
+            }
+    }
+}
+
+u32 drawString(bool isTopScreen, u32 posX, u32 posY, u32 color, const char *string)
+{
+    for(u32 i = 0, line_i = 0; i < strlen(string); i++)
+        switch(string[i])
+        {
+            case '\n':
+                posY += SPACING_Y;
+                line_i = 0;
+                break;
+
+            case '\t':
+                line_i += 2;
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                //Make sure we never get out of the screen
+                if(line_i >= ((isTopScreen ? SCREEN_TOP_WIDTH : SCREEN_BOTTOM_WIDTH) - posX) / SPACING_X)
+                {
+                    posY += SPACING_Y;
+                    line_i = 1; //Little offset so we know the same string continues
+                    if(string[i] == ' ') break; //Spaces at the start look weird
+                }
+
+                drawCharacter(isTopScreen, posX + line_i * SPACING_X, posY, color, string[i]);
+
+                line_i++;
+                break;
+        }
+
+    return posY;
+}
+
+u32 drawFormattedString(bool isTopScreen, u32 posX, u32 posY, u32 color, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    char buf[DRAW_MAX_FORMATTED_STRING_SIZE + 1];
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+    vsprintf(buf, fmt, args);
+    va_end(args);
+
+    return drawString(isTopScreen, posX, posY, color, buf);
+}

arm9/source/draw.h

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Code to print to the screen by mid-kid @CakesFW
+*      https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+#define SPACING_Y 10
+#define SPACING_X 8
+
+#define COLOR_TITLE  0xFF9900
+#define COLOR_WHITE  0xFFFFFF
+#define COLOR_RED    0x0000FF
+#define COLOR_BLACK  0x000000
+#define COLOR_YELLOW 0x00FFFF
+
+#define DRAW_MAX_FORMATTED_STRING_SIZE  512
+
+bool loadSplash(void);
+void drawCharacter(bool isTopScreen, u32 posX, u32 posY, u32 color, char character);
+u32 drawString(bool isTopScreen, u32 posX, u32 posY, u32 color, const char *string);
+u32 drawFormattedString(bool isTopScreen, u32 posX, u32 posY, u32 color, const char *fmt, ...);

arm9/source/emunand.c

@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Code for locating the SDMMC struct by Normmatt
+*/
+
+
+#include "emunand.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "fatfs/sdmmc/sdmmc.h"
+#include "large_patches.h"
+
+u32 emuOffset,
+    emuHeader;
+
+void locateEmuNand(FirmwareSource *nandType)
+{
+    static u8 __attribute__((aligned(4))) temp[0x200];
+    static u32 nandSize = 0,
+               fatStart;
+
+    if(!nandSize)
+    {
+        nandSize = getMMCDevice(0)->total_size;
+        sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(0, 1, temp);
+        fatStart = *(u32 *)(temp + 0x1C6); //First sector of the FAT partition
+    }
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+    {
+        static const u32 roundedMinsizes[] = {0x1D8000, 0x26E000};
+
+        u32 nandOffset;
+        switch(i)
+        {
+            case 1:
+                nandOffset = ROUND_TO_4MB(nandSize + 1); //"Default" layout
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                nandOffset = roundedMinsizes[ISN3DS ? 1 : 0]; //"Minsize" layout
+                break;
+            case 0:
+                nandOffset = *nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND ? 0 : (nandSize > 0x200000 ? 0x400000 : 0x200000); //"Legacy" layout
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if(*nandType != FIRMWARE_EMUNAND) nandOffset *= ((u32)*nandType - 1);
+
+        if(fatStart >= nandOffset + roundedMinsizes[ISN3DS ? 1 : 0])
+        {
+            //Check for RedNAND
+            if(!sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(nandOffset + 1, 1, temp) && memcmp(temp + 0x100, "NCSD", 4) == 0)
+            {
+                emuOffset = nandOffset + 1;
+                emuHeader = nandOffset + 1;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            //Check for Gateway EmuNAND
+            else if(i != 2 && !sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(nandOffset + nandSize, 1, temp) && memcmp(temp + 0x100, "NCSD", 4) == 0)
+            {
+                emuOffset = nandOffset;
+                emuHeader = nandOffset + nandSize;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(*nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND) break;
+    }
+
+    //Fallback to the first EmuNAND if there's no second/third/fourth one, or to SysNAND if there isn't any
+    if(*nandType != FIRMWARE_EMUNAND)
+    {
+        *nandType = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND;
+        locateEmuNand(nandType);
+    }
+    else *nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+}
+
+static inline bool getFreeK9Space(u8 *pos, u32 size, u8 **freeK9Space)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00};
+
+    //Looking for the last free space before Process9
+    *freeK9Space = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(*freeK9Space == NULL || (u32)(pos + size - *freeK9Space) < 0x455 + emunandPatchSize ||
+       *(u32 *)(*freeK9Space + 0x455 + emunandPatchSize - 4) != 0xFFFFFFFF) return false;
+
+    *freeK9Space += 0x455;
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static inline u32 getOldSdmmc(u32 *sdmmc, u32 firmVersion)
+{
+    switch(firmVersion)
+    {
+        case 0x18:
+            *sdmmc = 0x080D91D8;
+            break;
+        case 0x1D:
+        case 0x1F:
+            *sdmmc = 0x080D8CD0;
+            break;
+        default:
+            return 1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline u32 getSdmmc(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 *sdmmc)
+{
+    //Look for struct code
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x21, 0x20, 0x18, 0x20};
+
+    const u8 *off = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    *sdmmc = *(u32 *)(off + 9) + *(u32 *)(off + 0xD);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline u32 patchNandRw(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 branchOffset)
+{
+    //Look for read/write code
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x1E, 0x00, 0xC8, 0x05};
+
+    u16 *readOffset = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(readOffset == NULL) return 1;
+
+    readOffset -= 3;
+
+    u16 *writeOffset = (u16 *)memsearch((u8 *)(readOffset + 5), pattern, 0x100, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(writeOffset == NULL) return 1;
+
+    writeOffset -= 3;
+    *readOffset = *writeOffset = 0x4C00;
+    readOffset[1] = writeOffset[1] = 0x47A0;
+    ((u32 *)writeOffset)[1] = ((u32 *)readOffset)[1] = branchOffset;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline u32 patchMpu(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    //Look for MPU pattern
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x03, 0x00, 0x24, 0x00};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[1] = 0x0036;
+    off[0xC] = off[0x12] = 0x0603;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchEmuNand(u8 *arm9Section, u32 kernel9Size, u8 *process9Offset, u32 process9Size, u8 *kernel9Address, u32 firmVersion)
+{
+    u8 *freeK9Space;
+
+    if(!getFreeK9Space(arm9Section, kernel9Size, &freeK9Space)) return 1;
+
+    u32 ret = 0;
+
+    //Add the data of the found EmuNAND
+    emunandPatchNandOffset = emuOffset;
+    emunandPatchNcsdHeaderOffset = emuHeader;
+
+    //Find and add the SDMMC struct
+    u32 sdmmc;
+    ret += !ISN3DS && firmVersion < 0x25 ? getOldSdmmc(&sdmmc, firmVersion) : getSdmmc(process9Offset, process9Size, &sdmmc);
+    if(!ret) emunandPatchSdmmcStructPtr = sdmmc;
+
+    //Copy EmuNAND code
+    memcpy(freeK9Space, emunandPatch, emunandPatchSize);
+
+    //Add EmuNAND hooks
+    u32 branchOffset = (u32)(freeK9Space - arm9Section + kernel9Address);
+    ret += patchNandRw(process9Offset, process9Size, branchOffset);
+
+    //Set MPU
+    ret += patchMpu(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+
+    return ret;
+}

arm9/source/emunand.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Code for locating the SDMMC struct by Normmatt
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+#define ROUND_TO_4MB(a) (((a) + 0x2000 - 1) & (~(0x2000 - 1)))
+
+extern u32 emuOffset,
+           emuHeader;
+
+void locateEmuNand(FirmwareSource *nandType);
+u32 patchEmuNand(u8 *arm9Section, u32 kernel9Size, u8 *process9Offset, u32 process9Size, u8 *kernel9Address, u32 firmVersion);

arm9/source/exceptions.c

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "exceptions.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+#include "buttons.h"
+#include "arm9_exception_handlers.h"
+
+void installArm9Handlers(void)
+{
+    vu32 *dstVeneers = (vu32 *)0x08000000;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 6; i++)
+    {
+        if(arm9ExceptionHandlerAddressTable[i] != 0)
+        {
+            dstVeneers[2 * i] = 0xE51FF004;
+            dstVeneers[2 * i + 1] = arm9ExceptionHandlerAddressTable[i];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void detectAndProcessExceptionDumps(void)
+{
+    volatile ExceptionDumpHeader *dumpHeader = (volatile ExceptionDumpHeader *)0x25000000;
+
+    if(dumpHeader->magic[0] != 0xDEADC0DE || dumpHeader->magic[1] != 0xDEADCAFE || (dumpHeader->processor != 9 && dumpHeader->processor != 11)) return;
+
+    const vu32 *regs = (vu32 *)((vu8 *)dumpHeader + sizeof(ExceptionDumpHeader));
+    const vu8 *stackDump = (vu8 *)regs + dumpHeader->registerDumpSize + dumpHeader->codeDumpSize;
+    const vu8 *additionalData = stackDump + dumpHeader->stackDumpSize;
+
+    static const char *handledExceptionNames[] = {
+        "FIQ", "undefined instruction", "prefetch abort", "data abort"
+    },
+                      *specialExceptions[] = {
+        "kernel panic", "svcBreak"
+    },
+                      *registerNames[] = {
+        "R0", "R1", "R2", "R3", "R4", "R5", "R6", "R7", "R8", "R9", "R10", "R11", "R12",
+        "SP", "LR", "PC", "CPSR", "FPEXC"
+    },
+                      *faultStatusNames[] = {
+        "Alignment", "Instr.cache maintenance op.",
+        "Ext.Abort on translation - Lv1", "Ext.Abort on translation - Lv2",
+        "Translation - Section", "Translation - Page", "Access bit - Section", "Access bit - Page",
+        "Domain - Section", "Domain - Page", "Permission - Section", "Permission - Page",
+        "Precise External Abort", "Imprecise External Abort", "Debug event"
+    };
+
+    static const u32 faultStatusValues[] = {
+        0b1, 0b100, 0b1100, 0b1110, 0b101, 0b111, 0b11, 0b110, 0b1001, 0b1011, 0b1101,
+        0b1111, 0b1000, 0b10110, 0b10
+    };
+
+    initScreens();
+
+    drawString(true, 10, 10, COLOR_RED, "An exception occurred");
+    u32 posY;
+    if(dumpHeader->processor == 11) posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, 30, COLOR_WHITE, "Processor:       Arm11 (core %u)", dumpHeader->core);
+    else posY = drawString(true, 10, 30, COLOR_WHITE, "Processor:       Arm9");
+
+    if(dumpHeader->type == 2)
+    {
+        if((regs[16] & 0x20) == 0 && dumpHeader->codeDumpSize >= 4)
+        {
+            u32 instr = *(vu32 *)(stackDump - 4);
+            if(instr == 0xE12FFF7E)
+                posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s (%s)", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type], specialExceptions[0]);
+            else if(instr == 0xEF00003C)
+                posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s (%s)", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type], specialExceptions[1]);
+            else
+                posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type]);
+        }
+        else if((regs[16] & 0x20) != 0 && dumpHeader->codeDumpSize >= 2)
+        {
+            u16 instr = *(vu16 *)(stackDump - 2);
+            if(instr == 0xDF3C)
+                posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s (%s)", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type], specialExceptions[0]);
+            else
+                posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type]);
+        }
+        else
+            posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type]);
+    }
+    else
+        posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Exception type:  %s", handledExceptionNames[dumpHeader->type]);
+
+    if(dumpHeader->processor == 11 && dumpHeader->type >= 2)
+    {
+        u32 xfsr = (dumpHeader->type == 2 ? regs[18] : regs[17]) & 0xF;
+
+        for(u32 i = 0; i < 15; i++)
+            if(xfsr == faultStatusValues[i])
+            {
+                posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Fault status:    %s", faultStatusNames[i]);
+                break;
+            }
+    }
+
+    if(dumpHeader->additionalDataSize != 0)
+        posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE,
+                                   "Current process: %.8s (%016llX)", (const char *)additionalData, *(vu64 *)(additionalData + 8));
+    posY += SPACING_Y;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 17; i += 2)
+    {
+        posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "%-7s%08lX", registerNames[i], regs[i]);
+
+        if(i != 16)
+            posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10 + 22 * SPACING_X, posY, COLOR_WHITE, "%-7s%08lX", registerNames[i + 1], regs[i + 1]);
+        else if(dumpHeader->processor == 11)
+            posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10 + 22 * SPACING_X, posY, COLOR_WHITE, "%-7s%08lX", registerNames[i + 1], regs[20]);
+    }
+
+    if(dumpHeader->processor == 11 && dumpHeader->type == 3)
+        posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "%-7s%08lX       Access type: %s", "FAR", regs[19], regs[17] & (1u << 11) ? "Write" : "Read");
+
+    posY += SPACING_Y;
+
+    u32 mode = regs[16] & 0xF;
+    if(dumpHeader->type == 3 && (mode == 7 || mode == 11))
+        posY = drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_YELLOW, "Incorrect dump: failed to dump code and/or stack") + SPACING_Y;
+
+    u32 posYBottom = drawString(false, 10, 10, COLOR_WHITE, "Stack dump:") + SPACING_Y;
+
+    for(u32 line = 0; line < 19 && stackDump < additionalData; line++)
+    {
+        posYBottom = drawFormattedString(false, 10, posYBottom + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "%08lX:", regs[13] + 8 * line);
+
+        for(u32 i = 0; i < 8 && stackDump < additionalData; i++, stackDump++)
+            drawFormattedString(false, 10 + 10 * SPACING_X + 3 * i * SPACING_X, posYBottom, COLOR_WHITE, "%02X", *stackDump);
+    }
+
+    static const char *choiceMessage[] = {"Press A to save the crash dump", "Press any other button to shutdown"};
+
+    drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, choiceMessage[0]);
+    drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y + SPACING_Y , COLOR_WHITE, choiceMessage[1]);
+
+    if(waitInput(false) != BUTTON_A) goto exit;
+
+    drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_BLACK, choiceMessage[0]);
+    drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y + SPACING_Y , COLOR_BLACK, choiceMessage[1]);
+
+    char folderPath[32],
+         path[128],
+         fileName[32];
+
+    sprintf(folderPath, "dumps/arm%u", dumpHeader->processor);
+    findDumpFile(folderPath, fileName);
+    sprintf(path, "%s/%s", folderPath, fileName);
+
+    if(fileWrite((void *)dumpHeader, path, dumpHeader->totalSize))
+    {
+        posY = drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "You can find the dump in the following file:");
+        posY = drawFormattedString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "%s:/luma/%s", isSdMode ? "SD" : "CTRNAND", path) + SPACING_Y;
+    }
+    else posY = drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_RED, "Error writing the dump file");
+
+    drawString(true, 10, posY + SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Press any button to shutdown");
+
+    waitInput(false);
+
+exit:
+    memset((void *)dumpHeader, 0, dumpHeader->totalSize);
+    mcuPowerOff();
+}

arm9/source/exceptions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+void installArm9Handlers(void);
+u32 installArm11Handlers(u32 *exceptionsPage, u32 stackAddress, u32 codeSetOffset, u32 *dAbtHandler, u32 dAbtHandlerMemAddress);
+void detectAndProcessExceptionDumps(void);

arm9/source/fatfs/00history.txt

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ R0.10a (January 15, 2014)
 R0.10b (May 19, 2014)
 
   Fixed a hard error in the disk I/O layer can collapse the directory entry.
-  Fixed LFN entry is not deleted on delete/rename an object with lossy converted SFN. (appeared at R0.07)
+  Fixed LFN entry is not deleted when delete/rename an object with lossy converted SFN. (appeared at R0.07)
 
 
 
@@ -260,8 +260,71 @@ R0.12a (July 10, 2016)
   Added support for creating exFAT volume with some changes of f_mkfs().
   Added a file open method FA_OPEN_APPEND. An f_lseek() following f_open() is no longer needed.
   f_forward() is available regardless of _FS_TINY.
-  Fixed f_mkfs() creates wrong volume.
+  Fixed f_mkfs() creates wrong volume. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed wrong memory read in create_name(). (appeared at R0.12)
   Fixed compilation fails at some configurations, _USE_FASTSEEK and _USE_FORWARD.
-  Fixed wrong memory read in create_name().
 
 
+
+R0.12b (September 04, 2016)
+
+  Made f_rename() be able to rename objects with the same name but case.
+  Fixed an error in the case conversion teble of code page 866. (ff.c)
+  Fixed writing data is truncated at the file offset 4GiB on the exFAT volume. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed creating a file in the root directory of exFAT volume can fail. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed f_mkfs() creating exFAT volume with too small cluster size can collapse unallocated memory. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed wrong object name can be returned when read directory at Unicode cfg. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed large file allocation/removing on the exFAT volume collapses allocation bitmap. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed some internal errors in f_expand() and f_lseek(). (appeared at R0.12)
+
+
+
+R0.12c (March 04, 2017)
+
+  Improved write throughput at the fragmented file on the exFAT volume.
+  Made memory usage for exFAT be able to be reduced as decreasing _MAX_LFN.
+  Fixed successive f_getfree() can return wrong count on the FAT12/16 volume. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed configuration option _VOLUMES cannot be set 10. (appeared at R0.10c)
+
+
+
+R0.13 (May 21, 2017)
+
+  Changed heading character of configuration keywords "_" to "FF_".
+  Removed ASCII-only configuration, FF_CODE_PAGE = 1. Use FF_CODE_PAGE = 437 instead.
+  Added f_setcp(), run-time code page configuration. (FF_CODE_PAGE = 0)
+  Improved cluster allocation time on stretch a deep buried cluster chain.
+  Improved processing time of f_mkdir() with large cluster size by using FF_USE_LFN = 3.
+  Improved NoFatChain flag of the fragmented file to be set after it is truncated and got contiguous.
+  Fixed archive attribute is left not set when a file on the exFAT volume is renamed. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed exFAT FAT entry can be collapsed when write or lseek operation to the existing file is done. (appeared at R0.12c)
+  Fixed creating a file can fail when a new cluster allocation to the exFAT directory occures. (appeared at R0.12c)
+
+
+
+R0.13a (October 14, 2017)
+
+  Added support for UTF-8 encoding on the API. (FF_LFN_UNICODE = 2)
+  Added options for file name output buffer. (FF_LFN_BUF, FF_SFN_BUF).
+  Added dynamic memory allocation option for working buffer of f_mkfs() and f_fdisk().
+  Fixed f_fdisk() and f_mkfs() create the partition table with wrong CHS parameters. (appeared at R0.09)
+  Fixed f_unlink() can cause lost clusters at fragmented file on the exFAT volume. (appeared at R0.12c)
+  Fixed f_setlabel() rejects some valid characters for exFAT volume. (appeared at R0.12)
+
+
+
+R0.13b (April 07, 2018)
+
+  Added support for UTF-32 encoding on the API. (FF_LFN_UNICODE = 3)
+  Added support for Unix style volume ID. (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID = 2)
+  Fixed accesing any object on the exFAT root directory beyond the cluster boundary can fail. (appeared at R0.12c)
+  Fixed f_setlabel() does not reject some invalid characters. (appeared at R0.09b)
+
+
+
+R0.13c (October 14, 2018)
+  Supported stdint.h for C99 and later. (integer.h was included in ff.h)
+  Fixed reading a directory gets infinite loop when the last directory entry is not empty. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed creating a sub-directory in the fragmented sub-directory on the exFAT volume collapses FAT chain of the parent directory. (appeared at R0.12)
+  Fixed f_getcwd() cause output buffer overrun when the buffer has a valid drive number. (appeared at R0.13b)
+

arm9/source/fatfs/00readme.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+FatFs Module Source Files R0.13c
+
+
+FILES
+
+  00readme.txt   This file.
+  00history.txt  Revision history.
+  ff.c           FatFs module.
+  ffconf.h       Configuration file of FatFs module.
+  ff.h           Common include file for FatFs and application module.
+  diskio.h       Common include file for FatFs and disk I/O module.
+  diskio.c       An example of glue function to attach existing disk I/O module to FatFs.
+  ffunicode.c    Optional Unicode utility functions.
+  ffsystem.c     An example of optional O/S related functions.
+
+
+  Low level disk I/O module is not included in this archive because the FatFs
+  module is only a generic file system layer and it does not depend on any specific
+  storage device. You need to provide a low level disk I/O module written to
+  control the storage device that attached to the target system.
+

arm9/source/fatfs/diskio.c

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Low level disk I/O module skeleton for FatFs     (C)ChaN, 2014        */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* If a working storage control module is available, it should be        */
+/* attached to the FatFs via a glue function rather than modifying it.   */
+/* This is an example of glue functions to attach various exsisting      */
+/* storage control modules to the FatFs module with a defined API.       */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "diskio.h"		/* FatFs lower layer API */
+#include "sdmmc/sdmmc.h"
+#include "../crypto.h"
+#include "../i2c.h"
+
+/* Definitions of physical drive number for each media */
+#define SDCARD        0
+#define CTRNAND       1
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Get Drive Status                                                      */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+DSTATUS disk_status (
+    __attribute__((unused))
+    BYTE pdrv		/* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
+)
+{
+    return RES_OK;
+}
+
+
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Inidialize a Drive                                                    */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+DSTATUS disk_initialize (
+    BYTE pdrv				/* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
+)
+{
+        static u32 sdmmcInitResult = 4;
+
+        if(sdmmcInitResult == 4) sdmmcInitResult = sdmmc_sdcard_init();
+
+    return ((pdrv == SDCARD && !(sdmmcInitResult & 2)) ||
+            (pdrv == CTRNAND && !(sdmmcInitResult & 1) && !ctrNandInit())) ? 0 : STA_NOINIT;
+}
+
+
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Read Sector(s)                                                        */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+DRESULT disk_read (
+    BYTE pdrv,		/* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
+    BYTE *buff,		/* Data buffer to store read data */
+    DWORD sector,	/* Sector address in LBA */
+    UINT count		/* Number of sectors to read */
+)
+{
+    return ((pdrv == SDCARD && !sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(sector, count, buff)) ||
+            (pdrv == CTRNAND && !ctrNandRead(sector, count, buff))) ? RES_OK : RES_PARERR;
+}
+
+
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Write Sector(s)                                                       */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#if _USE_WRITE
+DRESULT disk_write (
+    BYTE pdrv,			/* Physical drive nmuber to identify the drive */
+    const BYTE *buff,       	/* Data to be written */
+    DWORD sector,		/* Sector address in LBA */
+    UINT count			/* Number of sectors to write */
+)
+{
+    return ((pdrv == SDCARD && (*(vu16 *)(SDMMC_BASE + REG_SDSTATUS0) & TMIO_STAT0_WRPROTECT) != 0 && !sdmmc_sdcard_writesectors(sector, count, buff)) ||
+            (pdrv == CTRNAND && !ctrNandWrite(sector, count, buff))) ? RES_OK : RES_PARERR;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Miscellaneous Functions                                               */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#if _USE_IOCTL
+DRESULT disk_ioctl (
+    __attribute__((unused))
+    BYTE pdrv,		/* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
+    BYTE cmd,		/* Control code */
+    __attribute__((unused))
+    void *buff		/* Buffer to send/receive control data */
+)
+{
+    return cmd == CTRL_SYNC ? RES_OK : RES_PARERR;
+}
+#endif
+
+// From GodMode9
+#define BCDVALID(b) (((b)<=0x99)&&(((b)&0xF)<=0x9)&&((((b)>>4)&0xF)<=0x9))
+#define BCD2NUM(b)  (BCDVALID(b) ? (((b)&0xF)+((((b)>>4)&0xF)*10)) : 0xFF)
+#define NUM2BCD(n)  ((n<99) ? (((n/10)*0x10)|(n%10)) : 0x99)
+#define DSTIMEGET(bcd,n) (BCD2NUM((bcd)->n))
+
+// see: http://3dbrew.org/wiki/I2C_Registers#Device_3 (register 30)
+typedef struct DsTime {
+    u8 bcd_s;
+    u8 bcd_m;
+    u8 bcd_h;
+    u8 weekday;
+    u8 bcd_D;
+    u8 bcd_M;
+    u8 bcd_Y;
+    u8 leap_count;
+} DsTime;
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Get current FAT time                                                  */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+DWORD get_fattime( void ) {
+    DsTime dstime;
+    I2C_readRegBuf(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x30, (u8 *)&dstime, sizeof(DsTime));
+    DWORD fattime =
+        ((DSTIMEGET(&dstime, bcd_s)&0x3F) >> 1 ) |
+        ((DSTIMEGET(&dstime, bcd_m)&0x3F) << 5 ) |
+        ((DSTIMEGET(&dstime, bcd_h)&0x3F) << 11) |
+        ((DSTIMEGET(&dstime, bcd_D)&0x1F) << 16) |
+        ((DSTIMEGET(&dstime, bcd_M)&0x0F) << 21) |
+        (((DSTIMEGET(&dstime, bcd_Y)+(2000-1980))&0x7F) << 25);
+    
+    return fattime;
+}

arm9/source/fatfs/diskio.h

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ DRESULT disk_read (BYTE pdrv, BYTE* buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
 DRESULT disk_write (BYTE pdrv, const BYTE* buff, DWORD sector, UINT count);
 DRESULT disk_ioctl (BYTE pdrv, BYTE cmd, void* buff);
 
+DWORD get_fattime( void ); // not a disk control function, but fits here
 
 /* Disk Status Bits (DSTATUS) */
 

arm9/source/fatfs/ff.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
-/  FatFs - Generic FAT file system module  R0.12a                             /
+/  FatFs - Generic FAT Filesystem module  R0.13c                              /
 /-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
 /
-/ Copyright (C) 2016, ChaN, all right reserved.
+/ Copyright (C) 2018, ChaN, all right reserved.
 /
 / FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
 / source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
@@ -15,70 +15,101 @@
 / and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
 / The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
 / by use of this software.
+/
 /----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
-#ifndef _FATFS
-#define _FATFS	80186	/* Revision ID */
+#ifndef FF_DEFINED
+#define FF_DEFINED	86604	/* Revision ID */
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-#include "integer.h"	/* Basic integer types */
 #include "ffconf.h"		/* FatFs configuration options */
 
-#if _FATFS != _FFCONF
+#if FF_DEFINED != FFCONF_DEF
 #error Wrong configuration file (ffconf.h).
 #endif
 
 
+/* Integer types used for FatFs API */
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)	/* Main development platform */
+#define FF_INTDEF 2
+#include <windows.h>
+typedef unsigned __int64 QWORD;
+#elif (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) || defined(__cplusplus)	/* C99 or later */
+#define FF_INTDEF 2
+#include <stdint.h>
+typedef unsigned int	UINT;	/* int must be 16-bit or 32-bit */
+typedef unsigned char	BYTE;	/* char must be 8-bit */
+typedef uint16_t		WORD;	/* 16-bit unsigned integer */
+typedef uint16_t		WCHAR;	/* 16-bit unsigned integer */
+typedef uint32_t		DWORD;	/* 32-bit unsigned integer */
+typedef uint64_t		QWORD;	/* 64-bit unsigned integer */
+#else  	/* Earlier than C99 */
+#define FF_INTDEF 1
+typedef unsigned int	UINT;	/* int must be 16-bit or 32-bit */
+typedef unsigned char	BYTE;	/* char must be 8-bit */
+typedef unsigned short	WORD;	/* 16-bit unsigned integer */
+typedef unsigned short	WCHAR;	/* 16-bit unsigned integer */
+typedef unsigned long	DWORD;	/* 32-bit unsigned integer */
+#endif
+
 
 /* Definitions of volume management */
 
-#if _MULTI_PARTITION		/* Multiple partition configuration */
+#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION		/* Multiple partition configuration */
 typedef struct {
 	BYTE pd;	/* Physical drive number */
 	BYTE pt;	/* Partition: 0:Auto detect, 1-4:Forced partition) */
 } PARTITION;
 extern PARTITION VolToPart[];	/* Volume - Partition resolution table */
-#define LD2PD(vol) (VolToPart[vol].pd)	/* Get physical drive number */
-#define LD2PT(vol) (VolToPart[vol].pt)	/* Get partition index */
-
-#else							/* Single partition configuration */
-#define LD2PD(vol) (BYTE)(vol)	/* Each logical drive is bound to the same physical drive number */
-#define LD2PT(vol) 0			/* Find first valid partition or in SFD */
+#endif
 
+#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
+#ifndef FF_VOLUME_STRS
+extern const char* VolumeStr[FF_VOLUMES];	/* User defied volume ID */
+#endif
 #endif
 
 
 
 /* Type of path name strings on FatFs API */
 
-#if _LFN_UNICODE			/* Unicode (UTF-16) string */
-#if _USE_LFN == 0
-#error _LFN_UNICODE must be 0 at non-LFN cfg.
-#endif
 #ifndef _INC_TCHAR
+#define _INC_TCHAR
+
+#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 	/* Unicode in UTF-16 encoding */
 typedef WCHAR TCHAR;
 #define _T(x) L ## x
 #define _TEXT(x) L ## x
-#endif
-#else						/* ANSI/OEM string */
-#ifndef _INC_TCHAR
+#elif FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2	/* Unicode in UTF-8 encoding */
+typedef char TCHAR;
+#define _T(x) u8 ## x
+#define _TEXT(x) u8 ## x
+#elif FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3	/* Unicode in UTF-32 encoding */
+typedef DWORD TCHAR;
+#define _T(x) U ## x
+#define _TEXT(x) U ## x
+#elif FF_USE_LFN && (FF_LFN_UNICODE < 0 || FF_LFN_UNICODE > 3)
+#error Wrong FF_LFN_UNICODE setting
+#else									/* ANSI/OEM code in SBCS/DBCS */
 typedef char TCHAR;
 #define _T(x) x
 #define _TEXT(x) x
 #endif
+
 #endif
 
 
 
 /* Type of file size variables */
 
-#if _FS_EXFAT
-#if _USE_LFN == 0
-#error LFN must be enabled when enable exFAT
+#if FF_FS_EXFAT
+#if FF_INTDEF != 2
+#error exFAT feature wants C99 or later
 #endif
 typedef QWORD FSIZE_t;
 #else
@@ -87,36 +118,36 @@ typedef DWORD FSIZE_t;
 
 
 
-/* File system object structure (FATFS) */
+/* Filesystem object structure (FATFS) */
 
 typedef struct {
-	BYTE	fs_type;		/* File system type (0:N/A) */
-	BYTE	drv;			/* Physical drive number */
+	BYTE	fs_type;		/* Filesystem type (0:not mounted) */
+	BYTE	pdrv;			/* Associated physical drive */
 	BYTE	n_fats;			/* Number of FATs (1 or 2) */
 	BYTE	wflag;			/* win[] flag (b0:dirty) */
 	BYTE	fsi_flag;		/* FSINFO flags (b7:disabled, b0:dirty) */
-	WORD	id;				/* File system mount ID */
+	WORD	id;				/* Volume mount ID */
 	WORD	n_rootdir;		/* Number of root directory entries (FAT12/16) */
 	WORD	csize;			/* Cluster size [sectors] */
-#if _MAX_SS != _MIN_SS
+#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
 	WORD	ssize;			/* Sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) */
 #endif
-#if _USE_LFN != 0
+#if FF_USE_LFN
 	WCHAR*	lfnbuf;			/* LFN working buffer */
 #endif
-#if _FS_EXFAT
-	BYTE*	dirbuf;			/* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
+#if FF_FS_EXFAT
+	BYTE*	dirbuf;			/* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer for exFAT */
 #endif
-#if _FS_REENTRANT
-	_SYNC_t	sobj;			/* Identifier of sync object */
+#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
+	FF_SYNC_t	sobj;		/* Identifier of sync object */
 #endif
-#if !_FS_READONLY
+#if !FF_FS_READONLY
 	DWORD	last_clst;		/* Last allocated cluster */
 	DWORD	free_clst;		/* Number of free clusters */
 #endif
-#if _FS_RPATH != 0
+#if FF_FS_RPATH
 	DWORD	cdir;			/* Current directory start cluster (0:root) */
-#if _FS_EXFAT
+#if FF_FS_EXFAT
 	DWORD	cdc_scl;		/* Containing directory start cluster (invalid when cdir is 0) */
 	DWORD	cdc_size;		/* b31-b8:Size of containing directory, b7-b0: Chain status */
 	DWORD	cdc_ofs;		/* Offset in the containing directory (invalid when cdir is 0) */
@@ -128,52 +159,56 @@ typedef struct {
 	DWORD	fatbase;		/* FAT base sector */
 	DWORD	dirbase;		/* Root directory base sector/cluster */
 	DWORD	database;		/* Data base sector */
+#if FF_FS_EXFAT
+	DWORD	bitbase;		/* Allocation bitmap base sector */
+#endif
 	DWORD	winsect;		/* Current sector appearing in the win[] */
-	BYTE	win[_MAX_SS];	/* Disk access window for Directory, FAT (and file data at tiny cfg) */
+	BYTE	win[FF_MAX_SS];	/* Disk access window for Directory, FAT (and file data at tiny cfg) */
 } FATFS;
 
 
 
-/* Object ID and allocation information (_FDID) */
+/* Object ID and allocation information (FFOBJID) */
 
 typedef struct {
-	FATFS*	fs;			/* Pointer to the owner file system object */
-	WORD	id;			/* Owner file system mount ID */
-	BYTE	attr;		/* Object attribute */
-	BYTE	stat;		/* Object chain status (b1-0: =0:not contiguous, =2:contiguous (no data on FAT), =3:got flagmented, b2:sub-directory stretched) */
-	DWORD	sclust;		/* Object start cluster (0:no cluster or root directory) */
-	FSIZE_t	objsize;	/* Object size (valid when sclust != 0) */
-#if _FS_EXFAT
-	DWORD	n_cont;		/* Size of coutiguous part, clusters - 1 (valid when stat == 3) */
-	DWORD	c_scl;		/* Containing directory start cluster (valid when sclust != 0) */
-	DWORD	c_size;		/* b31-b8:Size of containing directory, b7-b0: Chain status (valid when c_scl != 0) */
-	DWORD	c_ofs;		/* Offset in the containing directory (valid when sclust != 0) */
+	FATFS*	fs;				/* Pointer to the hosting volume of this object */
+	WORD	id;				/* Hosting volume mount ID */
+	BYTE	attr;			/* Object attribute */
+	BYTE	stat;			/* Object chain status (b1-0: =0:not contiguous, =2:contiguous, =3:fragmented in this session, b2:sub-directory stretched) */
+	DWORD	sclust;			/* Object data start cluster (0:no cluster or root directory) */
+	FSIZE_t	objsize;		/* Object size (valid when sclust != 0) */
+#if FF_FS_EXFAT
+	DWORD	n_cont;			/* Size of first fragment - 1 (valid when stat == 3) */
+	DWORD	n_frag;			/* Size of last fragment needs to be written to FAT (valid when not zero) */
+	DWORD	c_scl;			/* Containing directory start cluster (valid when sclust != 0) */
+	DWORD	c_size;			/* b31-b8:Size of containing directory, b7-b0: Chain status (valid when c_scl != 0) */
+	DWORD	c_ofs;			/* Offset in the containing directory (valid when file object and sclust != 0) */
 #endif
-#if _FS_LOCK != 0
-	UINT	lockid;		/* File lock ID origin from 1 (index of file semaphore table Files[]) */
+#if FF_FS_LOCK
+	UINT	lockid;			/* File lock ID origin from 1 (index of file semaphore table Files[]) */
 #endif
-} _FDID;
+} FFOBJID;
 
 
 
 /* File object structure (FIL) */
 
 typedef struct {
-	_FDID	obj;			/* Object identifier */
+	FFOBJID	obj;			/* Object identifier (must be the 1st member to detect invalid object pointer) */
 	BYTE	flag;			/* File status flags */
 	BYTE	err;			/* Abort flag (error code) */
 	FSIZE_t	fptr;			/* File read/write pointer (Zeroed on file open) */
-	DWORD	clust;			/* Current cluster of fpter (invalid when fprt is 0) */
+	DWORD	clust;			/* Current cluster of fpter (invalid when fptr is 0) */
 	DWORD	sect;			/* Sector number appearing in buf[] (0:invalid) */
-#if !_FS_READONLY
-	DWORD	dir_sect;		/* Sector number containing the directory entry */
-	BYTE*	dir_ptr;		/* Pointer to the directory entry in the win[] */
+#if !FF_FS_READONLY
+	DWORD	dir_sect;		/* Sector number containing the directory entry (not used at exFAT) */
+	BYTE*	dir_ptr;		/* Pointer to the directory entry in the win[] (not used at exFAT) */
 #endif
-#if _USE_FASTSEEK
+#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
 	DWORD*	cltbl;			/* Pointer to the cluster link map table (nulled on open, set by application) */
 #endif
-#if !_FS_TINY
-	BYTE	buf[_MAX_SS];	/* File private data read/write window */
+#if !FF_FS_TINY
+	BYTE	buf[FF_MAX_SS];	/* File private data read/write window */
 #endif
 } FIL;
 
@@ -182,16 +217,16 @@ typedef struct {
 /* Directory object structure (DIR) */
 
 typedef struct {
-	_FDID	obj;			/* Object identifier */
+	FFOBJID	obj;			/* Object identifier */
 	DWORD	dptr;			/* Current read/write offset */
 	DWORD	clust;			/* Current cluster */
-	DWORD	sect;			/* Current sector */
+	DWORD	sect;			/* Current sector (0:Read operation has terminated) */
 	BYTE*	dir;			/* Pointer to the directory item in the win[] */
 	BYTE	fn[12];			/* SFN (in/out) {body[8],ext[3],status[1]} */
-#if _USE_LFN != 0
+#if FF_USE_LFN
 	DWORD	blk_ofs;		/* Offset of current entry block being processed (0xFFFFFFFF:Invalid) */
 #endif
-#if _USE_FIND
+#if FF_USE_FIND
 	const TCHAR* pat;		/* Pointer to the name matching pattern */
 #endif
 } DIR;
@@ -205,11 +240,11 @@ typedef struct {
 	WORD	fdate;			/* Modified date */
 	WORD	ftime;			/* Modified time */
 	BYTE	fattrib;		/* File attribute */
-#if _USE_LFN != 0
-	TCHAR	altname[13];			/* Altenative file name */
-	TCHAR	fname[_MAX_LFN + 1];	/* Primary file name */
+#if FF_USE_LFN
+	TCHAR	altname[FF_SFN_BUF + 1];/* Altenative file name */
+	TCHAR	fname[FF_LFN_BUF + 1];	/* Primary file name */
 #else
-	TCHAR	fname[13];		/* File name */
+	TCHAR	fname[12 + 1];	/* File name */
 #endif
 } FILINFO;
 
@@ -236,7 +271,7 @@ typedef enum {
 	FR_TIMEOUT,				/* (15) Could not get a grant to access the volume within defined period */
 	FR_LOCKED,				/* (16) The operation is rejected according to the file sharing policy */
 	FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE,		/* (17) LFN working buffer could not be allocated */
-	FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES,	/* (18) Number of open files > _FS_LOCK */
+	FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES,	/* (18) Number of open files > FF_FS_LOCK */
 	FR_INVALID_PARAMETER	/* (19) Given parameter is invalid */
 } FRESULT;
 
@@ -274,6 +309,7 @@ FRESULT f_expand (FIL* fp, FSIZE_t szf, BYTE opt);					/* Allocate a contiguous
 FRESULT f_mount (FATFS* fs, const TCHAR* path, BYTE opt);			/* Mount/Unmount a logical drive */
 FRESULT f_mkfs (const TCHAR* path, BYTE opt, DWORD au, void* work, UINT len);	/* Create a FAT volume */
 FRESULT f_fdisk (BYTE pdrv, const DWORD* szt, void* work);			/* Divide a physical drive into some partitions */
+FRESULT f_setcp (WORD cp);											/* Set current code page */
 int f_putc (TCHAR c, FIL* fp);										/* Put a character to the file */
 int f_puts (const TCHAR* str, FIL* cp);								/* Put a string to the file */
 int f_printf (FIL* fp, const TCHAR* str, ...);						/* Put a formatted string to the file */
@@ -285,6 +321,8 @@ TCHAR* f_gets (TCHAR* buff, int len, FIL* fp);						/* Get a string from the fil
 #define f_size(fp) ((fp)->obj.objsize)
 #define f_rewind(fp) f_lseek((fp), 0)
 #define f_rewinddir(dp) f_readdir((dp), 0)
+#define f_rmdir(path) f_unlink(path)
+#define f_unmount(path) f_mount(0, path, 0)
 
 #ifndef EOF
 #define EOF (-1)
@@ -297,26 +335,27 @@ TCHAR* f_gets (TCHAR* buff, int len, FIL* fp);						/* Get a string from the fil
 /* Additional user defined functions                            */
 
 /* RTC function */
-#if !_FS_READONLY && !_FS_NORTC
+#if !FF_FS_READONLY && !FF_FS_NORTC
 DWORD get_fattime (void);
 #endif
 
-/* Unicode support functions */
-#if _USE_LFN != 0						/* Unicode - OEM code conversion */
-WCHAR ff_convert (WCHAR chr, UINT dir);	/* OEM-Unicode bidirectional conversion */
-WCHAR ff_wtoupper (WCHAR chr);			/* Unicode upper-case conversion */
-#if _USE_LFN == 3						/* Memory functions */
+/* LFN support functions */
+#if FF_USE_LFN >= 1						/* Code conversion (defined in unicode.c) */
+WCHAR ff_oem2uni (WCHAR oem, WORD cp);	/* OEM code to Unicode conversion */
+WCHAR ff_uni2oem (DWORD uni, WORD cp);	/* Unicode to OEM code conversion */
+DWORD ff_wtoupper (DWORD uni);			/* Unicode upper-case conversion */
+#endif
+#if FF_USE_LFN == 3						/* Dynamic memory allocation */
 void* ff_memalloc (UINT msize);			/* Allocate memory block */
 void ff_memfree (void* mblock);			/* Free memory block */
 #endif
-#endif
 
 /* Sync functions */
-#if _FS_REENTRANT
-int ff_cre_syncobj (BYTE vol, _SYNC_t* sobj);	/* Create a sync object */
-int ff_req_grant (_SYNC_t sobj);				/* Lock sync object */
-void ff_rel_grant (_SYNC_t sobj);				/* Unlock sync object */
-int ff_del_syncobj (_SYNC_t sobj);				/* Delete a sync object */
+#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
+int ff_cre_syncobj (BYTE vol, FF_SYNC_t* sobj);	/* Create a sync object */
+int ff_req_grant (FF_SYNC_t sobj);		/* Lock sync object */
+void ff_rel_grant (FF_SYNC_t sobj);		/* Unlock sync object */
+int ff_del_syncobj (FF_SYNC_t sobj);	/* Delete a sync object */
 #endif
 
 
@@ -363,4 +402,4 @@ int ff_del_syncobj (_SYNC_t sobj);				/* Delete a sync object */
 }
 #endif
 
-#endif /* _FATFS */
+#endif /* FF_DEFINED */

arm9/source/fatfs/ffconf.h

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
+/  FatFs Functional Configurations
+/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define FFCONF_DEF	86604	/* Revision ID */
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
+/ Function Configurations
+/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define FF_FS_READONLY	0
+/* This option switches read-only configuration. (0:Read/Write or 1:Read-only)
+/  Read-only configuration removes writing API functions, f_write(), f_sync(),
+/  f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_chmod(), f_rename(), f_truncate(), f_getfree()
+/  and optional writing functions as well. */
+
+
+#define FF_FS_MINIMIZE	0
+/* This option defines minimization level to remove some basic API functions.
+/
+/   0: Basic functions are fully enabled.
+/   1: f_stat(), f_getfree(), f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_truncate() and f_rename()
+/      are removed.
+/   2: f_opendir(), f_readdir() and f_closedir() are removed in addition to 1.
+/   3: f_lseek() function is removed in addition to 2. */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_STRFUNC	0
+/* This option switches string functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts() and f_printf().
+/
+/  0: Disable string functions.
+/  1: Enable without LF-CRLF conversion.
+/  2: Enable with LF-CRLF conversion. */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_FIND		1
+/* This option switches filtered directory read functions, f_findfirst() and
+/  f_findnext(). (0:Disable, 1:Enable 2:Enable with matching altname[] too) */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_MKFS		0
+/* This option switches f_mkfs() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_FASTSEEK	0
+/* This option switches fast seek function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_EXPAND	0
+/* This option switches f_expand function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_CHMOD	0
+/* This option switches attribute manipulation functions, f_chmod() and f_utime().
+/  (0:Disable or 1:Enable) Also FF_FS_READONLY needs to be 0 to enable this option. */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_LABEL	0
+/* This option switches volume label functions, f_getlabel() and f_setlabel().
+/  (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_FORWARD	0
+/* This option switches f_forward() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
+/ Locale and Namespace Configurations
+/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define FF_CODE_PAGE	437
+/* This option specifies the OEM code page to be used on the target system.
+/  Incorrect code page setting can cause a file open failure.
+/
+/   437 - U.S.
+/   720 - Arabic
+/   737 - Greek
+/   771 - KBL
+/   775 - Baltic
+/   850 - Latin 1
+/   852 - Latin 2
+/   855 - Cyrillic
+/   857 - Turkish
+/   860 - Portuguese
+/   861 - Icelandic
+/   862 - Hebrew
+/   863 - Canadian French
+/   864 - Arabic
+/   865 - Nordic
+/   866 - Russian
+/   869 - Greek 2
+/   932 - Japanese (DBCS)
+/   936 - Simplified Chinese (DBCS)
+/   949 - Korean (DBCS)
+/   950 - Traditional Chinese (DBCS)
+/     0 - Include all code pages above and configured by f_setcp()
+*/
+
+
+#define FF_USE_LFN		2
+#define FF_MAX_LFN		255
+/* The FF_USE_LFN switches the support for LFN (long file name).
+/
+/   0: Disable LFN. FF_MAX_LFN has no effect.
+/   1: Enable LFN with static working buffer on the BSS. Always NOT thread-safe.
+/   2: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the STACK.
+/   3: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the HEAP.
+/
+/  To enable the LFN, ffunicode.c needs to be added to the project. The LFN function
+/  requiers certain internal working buffer occupies (FF_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 bytes and
+/  additional (FF_MAX_LFN + 44) / 15 * 32 bytes when exFAT is enabled.
+/  The FF_MAX_LFN defines size of the working buffer in UTF-16 code unit and it can
+/  be in range of 12 to 255. It is recommended to be set 255 to fully support LFN
+/  specification.
+/  When use stack for the working buffer, take care on stack overflow. When use heap
+/  memory for the working buffer, memory management functions, ff_memalloc() and
+/  ff_memfree() in ffsystem.c, need to be added to the project. */
+
+
+#define FF_LFN_UNICODE	2
+/* This option switches the character encoding on the API when LFN is enabled.
+/
+/   0: ANSI/OEM in current CP (TCHAR = char)
+/   1: Unicode in UTF-16 (TCHAR = WCHAR)
+/   2: Unicode in UTF-8 (TCHAR = char)
+/   3: Unicode in UTF-32 (TCHAR = DWORD)
+/
+/  Also behavior of string I/O functions will be affected by this option.
+/  When LFN is not enabled, this option has no effect. */
+
+
+#define FF_LFN_BUF		255
+#define FF_SFN_BUF		12
+/* This set of options defines size of file name members in the FILINFO structure
+/  which is used to read out directory items. These values should be suffcient for
+/  the file names to read. The maximum possible length of the read file name depends
+/  on character encoding. When LFN is not enabled, these options have no effect. */
+
+
+#define FF_STRF_ENCODE	3
+/* When FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 with LFN enabled, string I/O functions, f_gets(),
+/  f_putc(), f_puts and f_printf() convert the character encoding in it.
+/  This option selects assumption of character encoding ON THE FILE to be
+/  read/written via those functions.
+/
+/   0: ANSI/OEM in current CP
+/   1: Unicode in UTF-16LE
+/   2: Unicode in UTF-16BE
+/   3: Unicode in UTF-8
+*/
+
+
+#define FF_FS_RPATH		1
+/* This option configures support for relative path.
+/
+/   0: Disable relative path and remove related functions.
+/   1: Enable relative path. f_chdir() and f_chdrive() are available.
+/   2: f_getcwd() function is available in addition to 1.
+*/
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
+/ Drive/Volume Configurations
+/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define FF_VOLUMES		2
+/* Number of volumes (logical drives) to be used. (1-10) */
+
+
+#define FF_STR_VOLUME_ID	0
+#define FF_VOLUME_STRS		"RAM","NAND","CF","SD","SD2","USB","USB2","USB3"
+/* FF_STR_VOLUME_ID switches support for volume ID in arbitrary strings.
+/  When FF_STR_VOLUME_ID is set to 1 or 2, arbitrary strings can be used as drive
+/  number in the path name. FF_VOLUME_STRS defines the volume ID strings for each
+/  logical drives. Number of items must not be less than FF_VOLUMES. Valid
+/  characters for the volume ID strings are A-Z, a-z and 0-9, however, they are
+/  compared in case-insensitive. If FF_STR_VOLUME_ID >= 1 and FF_VOLUME_STRS is
+/  not defined, a user defined volume string table needs to be defined as:
+/
+/  const char* VolumeStr[FF_VOLUMES] = {"ram","flash","sd","usb",...
+*/
+
+
+#define FF_MULTI_PARTITION	0
+/* This option switches support for multiple volumes on the physical drive.
+/  By default (0), each logical drive number is bound to the same physical drive
+/  number and only an FAT volume found on the physical drive will be mounted.
+/  When this function is enabled (1), each logical drive number can be bound to
+/  arbitrary physical drive and partition listed in the VolToPart[]. Also f_fdisk()
+/  funciton will be available. */
+
+
+#define FF_MIN_SS		512
+#define FF_MAX_SS		512
+/* This set of options configures the range of sector size to be supported. (512,
+/  1024, 2048 or 4096) Always set both 512 for most systems, generic memory card and
+/  harddisk. But a larger value may be required for on-board flash memory and some
+/  type of optical media. When FF_MAX_SS is larger than FF_MIN_SS, FatFs is configured
+/  for variable sector size mode and disk_ioctl() function needs to implement
+/  GET_SECTOR_SIZE command. */
+
+
+#define FF_USE_TRIM		0
+/* This option switches support for ATA-TRIM. (0:Disable or 1:Enable)
+/  To enable Trim function, also CTRL_TRIM command should be implemented to the
+/  disk_ioctl() function. */
+
+
+#define FF_FS_NOFSINFO	0
+/* If you need to know correct free space on the FAT32 volume, set bit 0 of this
+/  option, and f_getfree() function at first time after volume mount will force
+/  a full FAT scan. Bit 1 controls the use of last allocated cluster number.
+/
+/  bit0=0: Use free cluster count in the FSINFO if available.
+/  bit0=1: Do not trust free cluster count in the FSINFO.
+/  bit1=0: Use last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO if available.
+/  bit1=1: Do not trust last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO.
+*/
+
+
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
+/ System Configurations
+/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define FF_FS_TINY		0
+/* This option switches tiny buffer configuration. (0:Normal or 1:Tiny)
+/  At the tiny configuration, size of file object (FIL) is shrinked FF_MAX_SS bytes.
+/  Instead of private sector buffer eliminated from the file object, common sector
+/  buffer in the filesystem object (FATFS) is used for the file data transfer. */
+
+
+#define FF_FS_EXFAT		0
+/* This option switches support for exFAT filesystem. (0:Disable or 1:Enable)
+/  To enable exFAT, also LFN needs to be enabled. (FF_USE_LFN >= 1)
+/  Note that enabling exFAT discards ANSI C (C89) compatibility. */
+
+
+#define FF_FS_NORTC		0
+#define FF_NORTC_MON	1
+#define FF_NORTC_MDAY	1
+#define FF_NORTC_YEAR	2019
+/* The option FF_FS_NORTC switches timestamp functiton. If the system does not have
+/  any RTC function or valid timestamp is not needed, set FF_FS_NORTC = 1 to disable
+/  the timestamp function. Every object modified by FatFs will have a fixed timestamp
+/  defined by FF_NORTC_MON, FF_NORTC_MDAY and FF_NORTC_YEAR in local time.
+/  To enable timestamp function (FF_FS_NORTC = 0), get_fattime() function need to be
+/  added to the project to read current time form real-time clock. FF_NORTC_MON,
+/  FF_NORTC_MDAY and FF_NORTC_YEAR have no effect.
+/  These options have no effect at read-only configuration (FF_FS_READONLY = 1). */
+
+
+#define FF_FS_LOCK		0
+/* The option FF_FS_LOCK switches file lock function to control duplicated file open
+/  and illegal operation to open objects. This option must be 0 when FF_FS_READONLY
+/  is 1.
+/
+/  0:  Disable file lock function. To avoid volume corruption, application program
+/      should avoid illegal open, remove and rename to the open objects.
+/  >0: Enable file lock function. The value defines how many files/sub-directories
+/      can be opened simultaneously under file lock control. Note that the file
+/      lock control is independent of re-entrancy. */
+
+
+/* #include <somertos.h>	// O/S definitions */
+#define FF_FS_REENTRANT	0
+#define FF_FS_TIMEOUT	1000
+#define FF_SYNC_t		HANDLE
+/* The option FF_FS_REENTRANT switches the re-entrancy (thread safe) of the FatFs
+/  module itself. Note that regardless of this option, file access to different
+/  volume is always re-entrant and volume control functions, f_mount(), f_mkfs()
+/  and f_fdisk() function, are always not re-entrant. Only file/directory access
+/  to the same volume is under control of this function.
+/
+/   0: Disable re-entrancy. FF_FS_TIMEOUT and FF_SYNC_t have no effect.
+/   1: Enable re-entrancy. Also user provided synchronization handlers,
+/      ff_req_grant(), ff_rel_grant(), ff_del_syncobj() and ff_cre_syncobj()
+/      function, must be added to the project. Samples are available in
+/      option/syscall.c.
+/
+/  The FF_FS_TIMEOUT defines timeout period in unit of time tick.
+/  The FF_SYNC_t defines O/S dependent sync object type. e.g. HANDLE, ID, OS_EVENT*,
+/  SemaphoreHandle_t and etc. A header file for O/S definitions needs to be
+/  included somewhere in the scope of ff.h. */
+
+
+
+/*--- End of configuration options ---*/

arm9/source/fatfs/ffsystem.c

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Sample Code of OS Dependent Functions for FatFs                        */
+/* (C)ChaN, 2018                                                          */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+#include "ff.h"
+
+
+#if FF_USE_LFN == 3	/* Dynamic memory allocation */
+
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Allocate a memory block                                                */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+void* ff_memalloc (	/* Returns pointer to the allocated memory block (null if not enough core) */
+	UINT msize		/* Number of bytes to allocate */
+)
+{
+	return malloc(msize);	/* Allocate a new memory block with POSIX API */
+}
+
+
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Free a memory block                                                    */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+void ff_memfree (
+	void* mblock	/* Pointer to the memory block to free (nothing to do if null) */
+)
+{
+	free(mblock);	/* Free the memory block with POSIX API */
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+#if FF_FS_REENTRANT	/* Mutal exclusion */
+
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Create a Synchronization Object                                        */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* This function is called in f_mount() function to create a new
+/  synchronization object for the volume, such as semaphore and mutex.
+/  When a 0 is returned, the f_mount() function fails with FR_INT_ERR.
+*/
+
+//const osMutexDef_t Mutex[FF_VOLUMES];	/* Table of CMSIS-RTOS mutex */
+
+
+int ff_cre_syncobj (	/* 1:Function succeeded, 0:Could not create the sync object */
+	BYTE vol,			/* Corresponding volume (logical drive number) */
+	FF_SYNC_t* sobj		/* Pointer to return the created sync object */
+)
+{
+	/* Win32 */
+	*sobj = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
+	return (int)(*sobj != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
+
+	/* uITRON */
+//	T_CSEM csem = {TA_TPRI,1,1};
+//	*sobj = acre_sem(&csem);
+//	return (int)(*sobj > 0);
+
+	/* uC/OS-II */
+//	OS_ERR err;
+//	*sobj = OSMutexCreate(0, &err);
+//	return (int)(err == OS_NO_ERR);
+
+	/* FreeRTOS */
+//	*sobj = xSemaphoreCreateMutex();
+//	return (int)(*sobj != NULL);
+
+	/* CMSIS-RTOS */
+//	*sobj = osMutexCreate(&Mutex[vol]);
+//	return (int)(*sobj != NULL);
+}
+
+
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Delete a Synchronization Object                                        */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* This function is called in f_mount() function to delete a synchronization
+/  object that created with ff_cre_syncobj() function. When a 0 is returned,
+/  the f_mount() function fails with FR_INT_ERR.
+*/
+
+int ff_del_syncobj (	/* 1:Function succeeded, 0:Could not delete due to an error */
+	FF_SYNC_t sobj		/* Sync object tied to the logical drive to be deleted */
+)
+{
+	/* Win32 */
+	return (int)CloseHandle(sobj);
+
+	/* uITRON */
+//	return (int)(del_sem(sobj) == E_OK);
+
+	/* uC/OS-II */
+//	OS_ERR err;
+//	OSMutexDel(sobj, OS_DEL_ALWAYS, &err);
+//	return (int)(err == OS_NO_ERR);
+
+	/* FreeRTOS */
+//  vSemaphoreDelete(sobj);
+//	return 1;
+
+	/* CMSIS-RTOS */
+//	return (int)(osMutexDelete(sobj) == osOK);
+}
+
+
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Request Grant to Access the Volume                                     */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* This function is called on entering file functions to lock the volume.
+/  When a 0 is returned, the file function fails with FR_TIMEOUT.
+*/
+
+int ff_req_grant (	/* 1:Got a grant to access the volume, 0:Could not get a grant */
+	FF_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object to wait */
+)
+{
+	/* Win32 */
+	return (int)(WaitForSingleObject(sobj, FF_FS_TIMEOUT) == WAIT_OBJECT_0);
+
+	/* uITRON */
+//	return (int)(wai_sem(sobj) == E_OK);
+
+	/* uC/OS-II */
+//	OS_ERR err;
+//	OSMutexPend(sobj, FF_FS_TIMEOUT, &err));
+//	return (int)(err == OS_NO_ERR);
+
+	/* FreeRTOS */
+//	return (int)(xSemaphoreTake(sobj, FF_FS_TIMEOUT) == pdTRUE);
+
+	/* CMSIS-RTOS */
+//	return (int)(osMutexWait(sobj, FF_FS_TIMEOUT) == osOK);
+}
+
+
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Release Grant to Access the Volume                                     */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* This function is called on leaving file functions to unlock the volume.
+*/
+
+void ff_rel_grant (
+	FF_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object to be signaled */
+)
+{
+	/* Win32 */
+	ReleaseMutex(sobj);
+
+	/* uITRON */
+//	sig_sem(sobj);
+
+	/* uC/OS-II */
+//	OSMutexPost(sobj);
+
+	/* FreeRTOS */
+//	xSemaphoreGive(sobj);
+
+	/* CMSIS-RTOS */
+//	osMutexRelease(sobj);
+}
+
+#endif
+

arm9/source/fatfs/integer.h

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 /* Integer type definitions for FatFs module */
 /*-------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef _FF_INTEGER
-#define _FF_INTEGER
+#ifndef FF_INTEGER
+#define FF_INTEGER
 
 #ifdef _WIN32	/* FatFs development platform */
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ typedef unsigned short	WCHAR;
 typedef long			LONG;
 typedef unsigned long	DWORD;
 
-/* This type MUST be 64-bit (Remove this for C89 compatibility) */
+/* This type MUST be 64-bit (Remove this for ANSI C (C89) compatibility) */
 typedef unsigned long long QWORD;
 
 #endif

arm9/source/fatfs/sdmmc/delay.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../../types.h"
+
+void waitcycles(u32 us);

arm9/source/fatfs/sdmmc/delay.s

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+.text
+.arm
+.align 4
+
+.global waitcycles
+.type waitcycles, %function
+waitcycles:
+    push {r0-r2, lr}
+    str r0, [sp, #4]
+    waitcycles_loop:
+        ldr r3, [sp, #4]
+        subs r2, r3, #1
+        str r2, [sp, #4]
+        cmp r3, #0
+        bne waitcycles_loop
+    pop {r0-r2, pc}

arm9/source/fatfs/sdmmc/sdmmc.c

@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+/*
+ * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+ * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, 
+ * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2015, Normmatt
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms
+ * of the GNU General Public License Version 2, as described below:
+ *
+ * This file is free software: you may copy, redistribute and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
+ * Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
+ */
+
+#include "sdmmc.h"
+#include "delay.h"
+
+static struct mmcdevice handleNAND;
+static struct mmcdevice handleSD;
+
+static inline u16 sdmmc_read16(u16 reg)
+{
+    return *(vu16 *)(SDMMC_BASE + reg);
+}
+
+static inline void sdmmc_write16(u16 reg, u16 val)
+{
+    *(vu16 *)(SDMMC_BASE + reg) = val;
+}
+
+static inline u32 sdmmc_read32(u16 reg)
+{
+    return *(vu32 *)(SDMMC_BASE + reg);
+}
+
+static inline void sdmmc_write32(u16 reg, u32 val)
+{
+    *(vu32 *)(SDMMC_BASE + reg) = val;
+}
+
+static inline void sdmmc_mask16(u16 reg, const u16 clear, const u16 set)
+{
+    u16 val = sdmmc_read16(reg);
+    val &= ~clear;
+    val |= set;
+    sdmmc_write16(reg, val);
+}
+
+static inline void setckl(u32 data)
+{
+    sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDCLKCTL, 0x100, 0);
+    sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDCLKCTL, 0x2FF, data & 0x2FF);
+    sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDCLKCTL, 0x0, 0x100);
+}
+
+mmcdevice *getMMCDevice(int drive)
+{
+    if(drive == 0) return &handleNAND;
+    return &handleSD;
+}
+
+static int geterror(struct mmcdevice *ctx)
+{
+    return (int)((ctx->error << 29) >> 31);
+}
+
+static void inittarget(struct mmcdevice *ctx)
+{
+    sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDPORTSEL, 0x3, (u16)ctx->devicenumber);
+    setckl(ctx->clk);
+    if(ctx->SDOPT == 0) sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDOPT, 0, 0x8000);
+    else sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDOPT, 0x8000, 0);
+}
+
+static void __attribute__((noinline)) sdmmc_send_command(struct mmcdevice *ctx, u32 cmd, u32 args)
+{
+    u32 getSDRESP = (cmd << 15) >> 31;
+    u16 flags = (cmd << 15) >> 31;
+    const int readdata = cmd & 0x20000;
+    const int writedata = cmd & 0x40000;
+
+    if(readdata || writedata)
+        flags |= TMIO_STAT0_DATAEND;
+
+    ctx->error = 0;
+    while((sdmmc_read16(REG_SDSTATUS1) & TMIO_STAT1_CMD_BUSY)); //mmc working?
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDIRMASK0, 0);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDIRMASK1, 0);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTATUS0, 0);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTATUS1, 0);
+    sdmmc_mask16(REG_DATACTL32, 0x1800, 0);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDCMDARG0, args & 0xFFFF);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDCMDARG1, args >> 16);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDCMD, cmd & 0xFFFF);
+
+    u32 size = ctx->size;
+    u8 *rDataPtr = ctx->rData;
+    const u8 *tDataPtr = ctx->tData;
+
+    bool rUseBuf = rDataPtr != NULL;
+    bool tUseBuf = tDataPtr != NULL;
+
+    u16 status0 = 0;
+    while(true)
+    {
+        vu16 status1 = sdmmc_read16(REG_SDSTATUS1);
+        vu16 ctl32 = sdmmc_read16(REG_DATACTL32);
+        if((ctl32 & 0x100))
+        {
+            if(readdata)
+            {
+                if(rUseBuf)
+                {
+                    sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDSTATUS1, TMIO_STAT1_RXRDY, 0);
+                    if(size > 0x1FF)
+                    {
+                        //Gabriel Marcano: This implementation doesn't assume alignment.
+                        //I've removed the alignment check doen with former rUseBuf32 as a result
+                        for(int i = 0; i < 0x200; i += 4)
+                        {
+                            u32 data = sdmmc_read32(REG_SDFIFO32);
+                            *rDataPtr++ = data;
+                            *rDataPtr++ = data >> 8;
+                            *rDataPtr++ = data >> 16;
+                            *rDataPtr++ = data >> 24;
+                        }
+                        size -= 0x200;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                sdmmc_mask16(REG_DATACTL32, 0x800, 0);
+            }
+        }
+        if(!(ctl32 & 0x200))
+        {
+            if(writedata)
+            {
+                if(tUseBuf)
+                {
+                    sdmmc_mask16(REG_SDSTATUS1, TMIO_STAT1_TXRQ, 0);
+                    if(size > 0x1FF)
+                    {
+                        for(int i = 0; i < 0x200; i += 4)
+                        {
+                            u32 data = *tDataPtr++;
+                            data |= (u32)*tDataPtr++ << 8;
+                            data |= (u32)*tDataPtr++ << 16;
+                            data |= (u32)*tDataPtr++ << 24;
+                            sdmmc_write32(REG_SDFIFO32, data);
+                        }
+                        size -= 0x200;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                sdmmc_mask16(REG_DATACTL32, 0x1000, 0);
+            }
+        }
+        if(status1 & TMIO_MASK_GW)
+        {
+            ctx->error |= 4;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if(!(status1 & TMIO_STAT1_CMD_BUSY))
+        {
+            status0 = sdmmc_read16(REG_SDSTATUS0);
+            if(sdmmc_read16(REG_SDSTATUS0) & TMIO_STAT0_CMDRESPEND)
+            {
+                ctx->error |= 0x1;
+            }
+            if(status0 & TMIO_STAT0_DATAEND)
+            {
+                ctx->error |= 0x2;
+            }
+
+            if((status0 & flags) == flags)
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    ctx->stat0 = sdmmc_read16(REG_SDSTATUS0);
+    ctx->stat1 = sdmmc_read16(REG_SDSTATUS1);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTATUS0, 0);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTATUS1, 0);
+
+    if(getSDRESP != 0)
+    {
+        ctx->ret[0] = (u32)(sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP0) | (sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP1) << 16));
+        ctx->ret[1] = (u32)(sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP2) | (sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP3) << 16));
+        ctx->ret[2] = (u32)(sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP4) | (sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP5) << 16));
+        ctx->ret[3] = (u32)(sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP6) | (sdmmc_read16(REG_SDRESP7) << 16));
+    }
+}
+
+int __attribute__((noinline)) sdmmc_sdcard_writesectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, const u8 *in)
+{
+    if(handleSD.isSDHC == 0) sector_no <<= 9;
+    inittarget(&handleSD);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTOP, 0x100);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT32, numsectors);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKLEN32, 0x200);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT, numsectors);
+    handleSD.tData = in;
+    handleSD.size = numsectors << 9;
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x52C19, sector_no);
+    return geterror(&handleSD);
+}
+
+int __attribute__((noinline)) sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, u8 *out)
+{
+    if(handleSD.isSDHC == 0) sector_no <<= 9;
+    inittarget(&handleSD);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTOP, 0x100);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT32, numsectors);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKLEN32, 0x200);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT, numsectors);
+    handleSD.rData = out;
+    handleSD.size = numsectors << 9;
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x33C12, sector_no);
+    return geterror(&handleSD);
+}
+
+int __attribute__((noinline)) sdmmc_nand_readsectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, u8 *out)
+{
+    if(handleNAND.isSDHC == 0) sector_no <<= 9;
+    inittarget(&handleNAND);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTOP, 0x100);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT32, numsectors);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKLEN32, 0x200);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT, numsectors);
+    handleNAND.rData = out;
+    handleNAND.size = numsectors << 9;
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x33C12, sector_no);
+    inittarget(&handleSD);
+    return geterror(&handleNAND);
+}
+
+int __attribute__((noinline)) sdmmc_nand_writesectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, const u8 *in) //experimental
+{
+    if(handleNAND.isSDHC == 0) sector_no <<= 9;
+    inittarget(&handleNAND);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDSTOP, 0x100);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT32, numsectors);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKLEN32, 0x200);
+    sdmmc_write16(REG_SDBLKCOUNT, numsectors);
+    handleNAND.tData = in;
+    handleNAND.size = numsectors << 9;
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x52C19, sector_no);
+    inittarget(&handleSD);
+    return geterror(&handleNAND);
+}
+
+static u32 calcSDSize(u8 *csd, int type)
+{
+    u32 result = 0;
+    if(type == -1) type = csd[14] >> 6;
+    switch(type)
+    {
+        case 0:
+        {
+            u32 block_len = csd[9] & 0xF;
+            block_len = 1u << block_len;
+            u32 mult = (u32)((csd[4] >> 7) | ((csd[5] & 3) << 1));
+            mult = 1u << (mult + 2);
+            result = csd[8] & 3;
+            result = (result << 8) | csd[7];
+            result = (result << 2) | (csd[6] >> 6);
+            result = (result + 1) * mult * block_len / 512;
+            break;
+        }
+        case 1:
+            result = csd[7] & 0x3F;
+            result = (result << 8) | csd[6];
+            result = (result << 8) | csd[5];
+            result = (result + 1) * 1024;
+            break;
+        default:
+            break; //Do nothing otherwise FIXME perhaps return some error?
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void InitSD()
+{
+    *(vu32 *)0x10000020 = 0; //InitFS stuff
+    *(vu32 *)0x10000020 = 0x200; //InitFS stuff
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006100 &= 0xF7FFu; //SDDATACTL32
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006100 &= 0xEFFFu; //SDDATACTL32
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006100 |= 0x402u; //SDDATACTL32
+    *(vu16 *)0x100060D8 = (*(vu16 *)0x100060D8 & 0xFFDD) | 2;
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006100 &= 0xFFFFu; //SDDATACTL32
+    *(vu16 *)0x100060D8 &= 0xFFDFu; //SDDATACTL
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006104 = 512; //SDBLKLEN32
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006108 = 1; //SDBLKCOUNT32
+    *(vu16 *)0x100060E0 &= 0xFFFEu; //SDRESET
+    *(vu16 *)0x100060E0 |= 1u; //SDRESET
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006020 |= TMIO_MASK_ALL; //SDIR_MASK0
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006022 |= TMIO_MASK_ALL>>16; //SDIR_MASK1
+    *(vu16 *)0x100060FC |= 0xDBu; //SDCTL_RESERVED7
+    *(vu16 *)0x100060FE |= 0xDBu; //SDCTL_RESERVED8
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006002 &= 0xFFFCu; //SDPORTSEL
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006024 = 0x20;
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006028 = 0x40EE;
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006002 &= 0xFFFCu; ////SDPORTSEL
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006026 = 512; //SDBLKLEN
+    *(vu16 *)0x10006008 = 0; //SDSTOP
+}
+
+static int Nand_Init()
+{
+    //NAND
+    handleNAND.isSDHC = 0;
+    handleNAND.SDOPT = 0;
+    handleNAND.res = 0;
+    handleNAND.initarg = 1;
+    handleNAND.clk = 0x80;
+    handleNAND.devicenumber = 1;
+
+    inittarget(&handleNAND);
+    waitcycles(0xF000);
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0, 0);
+
+    do
+    {
+        do
+        {
+            sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10701, 0x100000);
+        }
+        while(!(handleNAND.error & 1));
+    }
+    while((handleNAND.ret[0] & 0x80000000) == 0);
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10602, 0x0);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10403, handleNAND.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10609, handleNAND.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    handleNAND.total_size = calcSDSize((u8*)&handleNAND.ret[0], 0);
+    handleNAND.clk = 1;
+    setckl(1);
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10407, handleNAND.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    handleNAND.SDOPT = 1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10506, 0x3B70100);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10506, 0x3B90100);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x1040D, handleNAND.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleNAND, 0x10410, 0x200);
+    if((handleNAND.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    handleNAND.clk |= 0x200;
+
+    inittarget(&handleSD);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int SD_Init()
+{
+    //SD
+    handleSD.isSDHC = 0;
+    handleSD.SDOPT = 0;
+    handleSD.res = 0;
+    handleSD.initarg = 0;
+    handleSD.clk = 0x80;
+    handleSD.devicenumber = 0;
+
+    inittarget(&handleSD);
+
+    waitcycles(1u << 22); //Card needs a little bit of time to be detected, it seems FIXME test again to see what a good number is for the delay
+
+    //If not inserted
+    if(!(*((vu16 *)(SDMMC_BASE + REG_SDSTATUS0)) & TMIO_STAT0_SIGSTATE)) return 5;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0, 0);
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10408, 0x1AA);
+    u32 temp = (handleSD.error & 0x1) << 0x1E;
+
+    u32 temp2 = 0;
+    do
+    {
+        do
+        {
+            sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10437, handleSD.initarg << 0x10);
+            sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10769, 0x00FF8000 | temp);
+            temp2 = 1;
+        }
+        while(!(handleSD.error & 1));
+    }
+    while((handleSD.ret[0] & 0x80000000) == 0);
+
+    if(!((handleSD.ret[0] >> 30) & 1) || !temp)
+        temp2 = 0;
+
+    handleSD.isSDHC = temp2;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10602, 0);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -1;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10403, 0);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -2;
+    handleSD.initarg = handleSD.ret[0] >> 0x10;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10609, handleSD.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -3;
+
+    handleSD.total_size = calcSDSize((u8*)&handleSD.ret[0], -1);
+    handleSD.clk = 1;
+    setckl(1);
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10507, handleSD.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -4;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10437, handleSD.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -5;
+
+    handleSD.SDOPT = 1;
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10446, 0x2);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -6;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x1040D, handleSD.initarg << 0x10);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -7;
+
+    sdmmc_send_command(&handleSD, 0x10410, 0x200);
+    if((handleSD.error & 0x4)) return -8;
+    handleSD.clk |= 0x200;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void sdmmc_get_cid(bool isNand, u32 *info)
+{
+    struct mmcdevice *device = isNand ? &handleNAND : &handleSD;
+
+    inittarget(device);
+
+    // use cmd7 to put sd card in standby mode
+    // CMD7
+    sdmmc_send_command(device, 0x10507, 0);
+
+    // get sd card info
+    // use cmd10 to read CID
+    sdmmc_send_command(device, 0x1060A, device->initarg << 0x10);
+
+    for(int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+        info[i] = device->ret[i];
+
+    // put sd card back to transfer mode
+    // CMD7
+    sdmmc_send_command(device, 0x10507, device->initarg << 0x10);
+}
+
+u32 sdmmc_sdcard_init()
+{
+    u32 ret = 0;
+    InitSD();
+    if(Nand_Init() != 0) ret |= 1;
+    if(SD_Init() != 0) ret |= 2;
+    return ret;
+}

arm9/source/fatfs/sdmmc/sdmmc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../../types.h"
+
+#define SDMMC_BASE		0x10006000
+
+#define REG_SDCMD		0x00
+#define REG_SDPORTSEL		0x02
+#define REG_SDCMDARG		0x04
+#define REG_SDCMDARG0		0x04
+#define REG_SDCMDARG1		0x06
+#define REG_SDSTOP		0x08
+#define REG_SDBLKCOUNT		0x0A
+
+#define REG_SDRESP0		0x0C
+#define REG_SDRESP1		0x0E
+#define REG_SDRESP2		0x10
+#define REG_SDRESP3		0x12
+#define REG_SDRESP4		0x14
+#define REG_SDRESP5		0x16
+#define REG_SDRESP6		0x18
+#define REG_SDRESP7		0x1A
+
+#define REG_SDSTATUS0		0x1C
+#define REG_SDSTATUS1		0x1E
+
+#define REG_SDIRMASK0		0x20
+#define REG_SDIRMASK1		0x22
+#define REG_SDCLKCTL		0x24
+
+#define REG_SDBLKLEN		0x26
+#define REG_SDOPT		0x28
+#define REG_SDFIFO		0x30
+
+#define REG_DATACTL 		0xD8
+#define REG_SDRESET		0xE0
+#define REG_SDPROTECTED		0xF6 //bit 0 determines if sd is protected or not?
+
+#define REG_DATACTL32 		0x100
+#define REG_SDBLKLEN32		0x104
+#define REG_SDBLKCOUNT32	0x108
+#define REG_SDFIFO32		0x10C
+
+#define REG_CLK_AND_WAIT_CTL	0x138
+#define REG_RESET_SDIO		0x1E0
+
+#define TMIO_STAT0_CMDRESPEND    0x0001
+#define TMIO_STAT0_DATAEND       0x0004
+#define TMIO_STAT0_CARD_REMOVE   0x0008
+#define TMIO_STAT0_CARD_INSERT   0x0010
+#define TMIO_STAT0_SIGSTATE      0x0020
+#define TMIO_STAT0_WRPROTECT     0x0080
+#define TMIO_STAT0_CARD_REMOVE_A 0x0100
+#define TMIO_STAT0_CARD_INSERT_A 0x0200
+#define TMIO_STAT0_SIGSTATE_A    0x0400
+#define TMIO_STAT1_CMD_IDX_ERR   0x0001
+#define TMIO_STAT1_CRCFAIL       0x0002
+#define TMIO_STAT1_STOPBIT_ERR   0x0004
+#define TMIO_STAT1_DATATIMEOUT   0x0008
+#define TMIO_STAT1_RXOVERFLOW    0x0010
+#define TMIO_STAT1_TXUNDERRUN    0x0020
+#define TMIO_STAT1_CMDTIMEOUT    0x0040
+#define TMIO_STAT1_RXRDY         0x0100
+#define TMIO_STAT1_TXRQ          0x0200
+#define TMIO_STAT1_ILL_FUNC      0x2000
+#define TMIO_STAT1_CMD_BUSY      0x4000
+#define TMIO_STAT1_ILL_ACCESS    0x8000
+
+#define TMIO_MASK_ALL           0x837F031D
+
+#define TMIO_MASK_GW            (TMIO_STAT1_ILL_ACCESS | TMIO_STAT1_CMDTIMEOUT | TMIO_STAT1_TXUNDERRUN | TMIO_STAT1_RXOVERFLOW | \
+                                 TMIO_STAT1_DATATIMEOUT | TMIO_STAT1_STOPBIT_ERR | TMIO_STAT1_CRCFAIL | TMIO_STAT1_CMD_IDX_ERR)
+
+#define TMIO_MASK_READOP  (TMIO_STAT1_RXRDY | TMIO_STAT1_DATAEND)
+#define TMIO_MASK_WRITEOP (TMIO_STAT1_TXRQ | TMIO_STAT1_DATAEND)
+
+typedef struct mmcdevice {
+    u8 *rData;
+    const u8 *tData;
+    u32 size;
+    u32 error;
+    u16 stat0;
+    u16 stat1;
+    u32 ret[4];
+    u32 initarg;
+    u32 isSDHC;
+    u32 clk;
+    u32 SDOPT;
+    u32 devicenumber;
+    u32 total_size; //size in sectors of the device
+    u32 res;
+} mmcdevice;
+
+u32 sdmmc_sdcard_init();
+int sdmmc_sdcard_readsectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, u8 *out);
+int sdmmc_sdcard_writesectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, const u8 *in);
+int sdmmc_nand_readsectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, u8 *out);
+int sdmmc_nand_writesectors(u32 sector_no, u32 numsectors, const u8 *in);
+void sdmmc_get_cid(bool isNand, u32 *info);
+mmcdevice *getMMCDevice(int drive);

arm9/source/firm.c

@@ -0,0 +1,561 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "firm.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "exceptions.h"
+#include "patches.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "emunand.h"
+#include "crypto.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+#include "chainloader.h"
+
+static Firm *firm = (Firm *)0x20001000;
+
+static __attribute__((noinline)) bool overlaps(u32 as, u32 ae, u32 bs, u32 be)
+{
+    if(as <= bs && bs <= ae)
+        return true;
+    if(bs <= as && as <= be)
+        return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+static __attribute__((noinline)) bool inRange(u32 as, u32 ae, u32 bs, u32 be)
+{
+   if(as >= bs && ae <= be)
+        return true;
+   return false;
+}
+
+static bool checkFirm(u32 firmSize)
+{
+    if(memcmp(firm->magic, "FIRM", 4) != 0 || firm->arm9Entry == NULL) //Allow for the Arm11 entrypoint to be zero in which case nothing is done on the Arm11 side
+        return false;
+
+    bool arm9EpFound = false,
+         arm11EpFound = false;
+
+    u32 size = 0x200;
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+        size += firm->section[i].size;
+
+    if(firmSize < size) return false;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+    {
+        FirmSection *section = &firm->section[i];
+
+        //Allow empty sections
+        if(section->size == 0)
+            continue;
+
+        if((section->offset < 0x200) ||
+           (section->address + section->size < section->address) || //Overflow check
+           ((u32)section->address & 3) || (section->offset & 0x1FF) || (section->size & 0x1FF) || //Alignment check
+           (overlaps((u32)section->address, (u32)section->address + section->size, (u32)firm, (u32)firm + size)) ||
+           ((!inRange((u32)section->address, (u32)section->address + section->size, 0x08000000, 0x08000000 + 0x00100000)) &&
+            (!inRange((u32)section->address, (u32)section->address + section->size, 0x18000000, 0x18000000 + 0x00600000)) &&
+            (!inRange((u32)section->address, (u32)section->address + section->size, 0x1FF00000, 0x1FFFFC00)) &&
+            (!inRange((u32)section->address, (u32)section->address + section->size, 0x20000000, 0x20000000 + 0x8000000))))
+            return false;
+
+        __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 hash[0x20];
+
+        sha(hash, (u8 *)firm + section->offset, section->size, SHA_256_MODE);
+
+        if(memcmp(hash, section->hash, 0x20) != 0)
+            return false;
+
+        if(firm->arm9Entry >= section->address && firm->arm9Entry < (section->address + section->size))
+            arm9EpFound = true;
+
+        if(firm->arm11Entry >= section->address && firm->arm11Entry < (section->address + section->size))
+            arm11EpFound = true;
+    }
+
+    return arm9EpFound && (firm->arm11Entry == NULL || arm11EpFound);
+}
+
+static inline u32 loadFirmFromStorage(FirmwareType firmType)
+{
+    static const char *firmwareFiles[] = {
+        "native.firm",
+        "twl.firm",
+        "agb.firm",
+        "safe.firm",
+        "sysupdater.firm"
+    },
+                       *cetkFiles[] = {
+        "cetk",
+        "cetk_twl",
+        "cetk_agb",
+        "cetk_safe",
+        "cetk_sysupdater"
+    };
+
+    u32 firmSize = fileRead(firm, firmwareFiles[(u32)firmType], 0x400000 + sizeof(Cxi) + 0x200);
+
+    if(!firmSize) return 0;
+
+    static const char *extFirmError = "The external FIRM is not valid.";
+
+    if(firmSize <= sizeof(Cxi) + 0x200) error(extFirmError);
+
+    if(memcmp(firm, "FIRM", 4) != 0)
+    {
+        if(firmSize <= sizeof(Cxi) + 0x400) error(extFirmError);
+
+        u8 cetk[0xA50];
+
+        if(fileRead(cetk, cetkFiles[(u32)firmType], sizeof(cetk)) != sizeof(cetk))
+            error("The cetk is missing or corrupted.");
+
+        firmSize = decryptNusFirm((Ticket *)(cetk + 0x140), (Cxi *)firm, firmSize);
+
+        if(!firmSize) error("Unable to decrypt the external FIRM.");
+    }
+
+    if(!checkFirm(firmSize)) error("The external FIRM is invalid or corrupted.");
+
+    return firmSize;
+}
+
+u32 loadNintendoFirm(FirmwareType *firmType, FirmwareSource nandType, bool loadFromStorage, bool isSafeMode)
+{
+    u32 firmVersion,
+        firmSize;
+
+    bool ctrNandError = isSdMode && !mountFs(false, false);
+
+    if(!ctrNandError)
+    {
+        //Load FIRM from CTRNAND
+        firmVersion = firmRead(firm, (u32)*firmType);
+
+        if(firmVersion == 0xFFFFFFFF) ctrNandError = true;
+        else
+        {
+            firmSize = decryptExeFs((Cxi *)firm);
+
+            if(!firmSize || !checkFirm(firmSize)) ctrNandError = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool loadedFromStorage = false;
+
+    if(loadFromStorage || ctrNandError)
+    {
+        u32 result = loadFirmFromStorage(*firmType);
+
+        if(result != 0)
+        {
+            loadedFromStorage = true;
+            firmSize = result;
+        }
+        else if(ctrNandError) error("Unable to mount CTRNAND or load the CTRNAND FIRM.\nPlease use an external one.");
+    }
+
+    //Check that the FIRM is right for the console from the Arm9 section address
+    if((firm->section[3].offset != 0 ? firm->section[3].address : firm->section[2].address) != (ISN3DS ? (u8 *)0x8006000 : (u8 *)0x8006800))
+        error("The %s FIRM is not for this console.", loadedFromStorage ? "external" : "CTRNAND");
+
+    if(!ISN3DS && *firmType == NATIVE_FIRM && firm->section[0].address == (u8 *)0x1FF80000)
+    {
+        //We can't boot < 3.x EmuNANDs
+        if(nandType != FIRMWARE_SYSNAND) error("An old unsupported EmuNAND has been detected.\nLuma3DS is unable to boot it.");
+
+        if(isSafeMode) error("SAFE_MODE is not supported on 1.x/2.x FIRM.");
+
+        *firmType = NATIVE_FIRM1X2X;
+    }
+
+    if(loadedFromStorage || ISDEVUNIT)
+    {
+        firmVersion = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+        if(!ISN3DS && *firmType == NATIVE_FIRM)
+        {
+            __attribute__((aligned(4))) static const u8 hashes[3][0x20] = {
+                {0x39, 0x75, 0xB5, 0x28, 0x24, 0x5E, 0x8B, 0x56, 0xBC, 0x83, 0x79, 0x41, 0x09, 0x2C, 0x42, 0xE6,
+                 0x26, 0xB6, 0x80, 0x59, 0xA5, 0x56, 0xF9, 0xF9, 0x6E, 0xF3, 0x63, 0x05, 0x58, 0xDF, 0x35, 0xEF},
+                {0x81, 0x9E, 0x71, 0x58, 0xE5, 0x44, 0x73, 0xF7, 0x48, 0x78, 0x7C, 0xEF, 0x5E, 0x30, 0xE2, 0x28,
+                 0x78, 0x0B, 0x21, 0x23, 0x94, 0x63, 0xE8, 0x4E, 0x06, 0xBB, 0xD6, 0x8D, 0xA0, 0x99, 0xAE, 0x98},
+                {0x1D, 0xD5, 0xB0, 0xC2, 0xD9, 0x4A, 0x4A, 0xF3, 0x23, 0xDD, 0x2F, 0x65, 0x21, 0x95, 0x9B, 0x7E,
+                 0xF2, 0x71, 0x7E, 0xB6, 0x7A, 0x3A, 0x74, 0x78, 0x0D, 0xE3, 0xB5, 0x0C, 0x2B, 0x7F, 0x85, 0x37}
+            };
+
+            u32 i;
+            for(i = 0; i < 3; i++) if(memcmp(firm->section[1].hash, hashes[i], 0x20) == 0) break;
+
+            switch(i)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    firmVersion = 0x18;
+                    break;
+                case 1:
+                    firmVersion = 0x1D;
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    firmVersion = 0x1F;
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return firmVersion;
+}
+
+void loadHomebrewFirm(u32 pressed)
+{
+    char path[10 + 255];
+    bool found = !pressed ? payloadMenu(path) : findPayload(path, pressed);
+
+    if(!found) return;
+
+    u32 maxPayloadSize = (u32)((u8 *)0x27FFE000 - (u8 *)firm),
+        payloadSize = fileRead(firm, path, maxPayloadSize);
+
+    if(payloadSize <= 0x200 || !checkFirm(payloadSize)) error("The payload is invalid or corrupted.");
+
+    char absPath[24 + 255];
+
+    if(isSdMode) sprintf(absPath, "sdmc:/luma/%s", path);
+    else sprintf(absPath, "nand:/rw/luma/%s", path);
+
+    char *argv[2] = {absPath, (char *)fbs};
+
+    initScreens();
+
+    launchFirm((firm->reserved2[0] & 1) ? 2 : 1, argv);
+}
+
+static inline void mergeSection0(FirmwareType firmType, u32 firmVersion, bool loadFromStorage)
+{
+    u32 srcModuleSize,
+        nbModules = 0;
+
+    struct
+    {
+        char name[8];
+        u8 *src;
+        u32 size;
+    } moduleList[6];
+
+    //1) Parse info concerning Nintendo's modules
+    for(u8 *src = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[0].offset, *srcEnd = src + firm->section[0].size; src < srcEnd; src += srcModuleSize, nbModules++)
+    {
+        memcpy(moduleList[nbModules].name, ((Cxi *)src)->exHeader.systemControlInfo.appTitle, 8);
+        moduleList[nbModules].src = src;
+        srcModuleSize = moduleList[nbModules].size = ((Cxi *)src)->ncch.contentSize * 0x200;
+    }
+
+    // SAFE_FIRM only for N3DS and only if ENABLESAFEFIRMROSALINA is on
+    if((firmType == NATIVE_FIRM || firmType == SAFE_FIRM) && (ISN3DS || firmVersion >= 0x1D))
+    {
+        //2) Merge that info with our own modules'
+        for(u8 *src = (u8 *)0x18180000; memcmp(((Cxi *)src)->ncch.magic, "NCCH", 4) == 0; src += srcModuleSize)
+        {
+            const char *name = ((Cxi *)src)->exHeader.systemControlInfo.appTitle;
+
+            u32 i;
+
+            for(i = 0; i < 5 && memcmp(name, moduleList[i].name, 8) != 0; i++);
+
+            if(i == 5)
+            {
+                nbModules++;
+                memcpy(moduleList[i].name, ((Cxi *)src)->exHeader.systemControlInfo.appTitle, 8);
+            }
+
+            moduleList[i].src = src;
+            srcModuleSize = moduleList[i].size = ((Cxi *)src)->ncch.contentSize * 0x200;
+        }
+    }
+
+    //3) Read or copy the modules
+    u8 *dst = firm->section[0].address;
+    const char *extModuleSizeError = "The external FIRM modules are too large.";
+    // SAFE_FIRM only for N3DS and only if ENABLESAFEFIRMROSALINA is on
+    u32 maxModuleSize = (firmType == NATIVE_FIRM || firmType == SAFE_FIRM) ? 0x80000 : 0x600000;
+    for(u32 i = 0, dstModuleSize; i < nbModules; i++, dst += dstModuleSize, maxModuleSize -= dstModuleSize)
+    {
+        if(loadFromStorage)
+        {
+            char fileName[24];
+
+            //Read modules from files if they exist
+            sprintf(fileName, "sysmodules/%.8s.cxi", moduleList[i].name);
+
+            dstModuleSize = getFileSize(fileName);
+
+            if(dstModuleSize != 0)
+            {
+                if(dstModuleSize > maxModuleSize) error(extModuleSizeError);
+
+                if(dstModuleSize <= sizeof(Cxi) + 0x200 ||
+                   fileRead(dst, fileName, dstModuleSize) != dstModuleSize ||
+                   memcmp(((Cxi *)dst)->ncch.magic, "NCCH", 4) != 0 ||
+                   memcmp(moduleList[i].name, ((Cxi *)dst)->exHeader.systemControlInfo.appTitle, sizeof(((Cxi *)dst)->exHeader.systemControlInfo.appTitle)) != 0)
+                    error("An external FIRM module is invalid or corrupted.");
+
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        dstModuleSize = moduleList[i].size;
+
+        if(dstModuleSize > maxModuleSize) error(extModuleSizeError);
+
+        memcpy(dst, moduleList[i].src, dstModuleSize);
+    }
+
+    //4) Patch NATIVE_FIRM/SAFE_FIRM (N3DS) if necessary
+    if(nbModules == 6)
+    {
+        if(patchK11ModuleLoading(firm->section[0].size, dst - firm->section[0].address, (u8 *)firm + firm->section[1].offset, firm->section[1].size) != 0)
+            error("Failed to inject custom sysmodule");
+    }
+}
+
+u32 patchNativeFirm(u32 firmVersion, FirmwareSource nandType, bool loadFromStorage, bool isFirmProtEnabled, bool needToInitSd, bool doUnitinfoPatch)
+{
+    u8 *arm9Section = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[2].offset,
+       *arm11Section1 = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[1].offset;
+
+    if(ISN3DS)
+    {
+        //Decrypt Arm9Bin and patch Arm9 entrypoint to skip kernel9loader
+        kernel9Loader((Arm9Bin *)arm9Section);
+        firm->arm9Entry = (u8 *)0x801B01C;
+    }
+
+    //Find the Process9 .code location, size and memory address
+    u32 process9Size,
+        process9MemAddr;
+    u8 *process9Offset = getProcess9Info(arm9Section, firm->section[2].size, &process9Size, &process9MemAddr);
+
+    //Find the Kernel11 SVC table and handler, exceptions page and free space locations
+    u32 baseK11VA;
+    u8 *freeK11Space;
+    u32 *arm11SvcHandler,
+        *arm11ExceptionsPage,
+        *arm11SvcTable = getKernel11Info(arm11Section1, firm->section[1].size, &baseK11VA, &freeK11Space, &arm11SvcHandler, &arm11ExceptionsPage);
+
+    u32 kernel9Size = (u32)(process9Offset - arm9Section) - sizeof(Cxi) - 0x200,
+        ret = 0;
+
+    //Skip on FIRMs < 4.0
+    if(ISN3DS || firmVersion >= 0x1D)
+    {
+        ret += installK11Extension(arm11Section1, firm->section[1].size, needToInitSd, baseK11VA, arm11ExceptionsPage, &freeK11Space);
+        ret += patchKernel11(arm11Section1, firm->section[1].size, baseK11VA, arm11SvcTable, arm11ExceptionsPage);
+    }
+
+    //Apply signature patches
+    ret += patchSignatureChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    //Apply EmuNAND patches
+    if(nandType != FIRMWARE_SYSNAND) ret += patchEmuNand(arm9Section, kernel9Size, process9Offset, process9Size, firm->section[2].address, firmVersion);
+
+    //Apply FIRM0/1 writes patches on SysNAND to protect A9LH
+    else if(isFirmProtEnabled) ret += patchFirmWrites(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    //Apply firmlaunch patches
+    ret += patchFirmlaunches(process9Offset, process9Size, process9MemAddr);
+
+    //Apply dev unit check patches related to NCCH encryption
+    if(!ISDEVUNIT)
+    {
+        ret += patchZeroKeyNcchEncryptionCheck(process9Offset, process9Size);
+        ret += patchNandNcchEncryptionCheck(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    }
+
+    //Apply anti-anti-DG patches on 11.0+
+    if(firmVersion >= (ISN3DS ? 0x21 : 0x52)) ret += patchTitleInstallMinVersionChecks(process9Offset, process9Size, firmVersion);
+
+    //Patch P9 AM ticket wrapper on 11.8+ to use 0 Key and IV, only with UNITINFO patch on to prevent NIM from actually sending any
+    if(doUnitinfoPatch && firmVersion >= (ISN3DS ? 0x35 : 0x64)) ret += patchP9AMTicketWrapperZeroKeyIV(process9Offset, process9Size, firmVersion);
+
+    //Apply UNITINFO patches
+    if(doUnitinfoPatch)
+    {
+        ret += patchUnitInfoValueSet(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+        if(!ISDEVUNIT) ret += patchCheckForDevCommonKey(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    }
+
+    //Arm9 exception handlers
+    ret += patchArm9ExceptionHandlersInstall(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+    ret += patchSvcBreak9(arm9Section, kernel9Size, (u32)firm->section[2].address);
+    ret += patchKernel9Panic(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+
+    ret += patchP9AccessChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    mergeSection0(NATIVE_FIRM, firmVersion, loadFromStorage);
+    firm->section[0].size = 0;
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+u32 patchTwlFirm(u32 firmVersion, bool loadFromStorage, bool doUnitinfoPatch)
+{
+    u8 *arm9Section = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[3].offset;
+
+    //On N3DS, decrypt Arm9Bin and patch Arm9 entrypoint to skip kernel9loader
+    if(ISN3DS)
+    {
+        kernel9Loader((Arm9Bin *)arm9Section);
+        firm->arm9Entry = (u8 *)0x801301C;
+    }
+
+    //Find the Process9 .code location, size and memory address
+    u32 process9Size,
+        process9MemAddr;
+    u8 *process9Offset = getProcess9Info(arm9Section, firm->section[3].size, &process9Size, &process9MemAddr);
+
+    u32 kernel9Size = (u32)(process9Offset - arm9Section) - sizeof(Cxi) - 0x200,
+        ret = 0;
+
+    ret += patchLgySignatureChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    ret += patchTwlInvalidSignatureChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    ret += patchTwlNintendoLogoChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    ret += patchTwlWhitelistChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    if(ISN3DS || firmVersion > 0x11) ret += patchTwlFlashcartChecks(process9Offset, process9Size, firmVersion);
+    else if(!ISN3DS && firmVersion == 0x11) ret += patchOldTwlFlashcartChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    ret += patchTwlShaHashChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    //Apply UNITINFO patch
+    if(doUnitinfoPatch) ret += patchUnitInfoValueSet(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+
+    if(loadFromStorage)
+    {
+        mergeSection0(TWL_FIRM, 0, true);
+        firm->section[0].size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+u32 patchAgbFirm(bool loadFromStorage, bool doUnitinfoPatch)
+{
+    u8 *arm9Section = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[3].offset;
+
+    //On N3DS, decrypt Arm9Bin and patch Arm9 entrypoint to skip kernel9loader
+    if(ISN3DS)
+    {
+        kernel9Loader((Arm9Bin *)arm9Section);
+        firm->arm9Entry = (u8 *)0x801301C;
+    }
+
+    //Find the Process9 .code location, size and memory address
+    u32 process9Size,
+        process9MemAddr;
+    u8 *process9Offset = getProcess9Info(arm9Section, firm->section[3].size, &process9Size, &process9MemAddr);
+
+    u32 kernel9Size = (u32)(process9Offset - arm9Section) - sizeof(Cxi) - 0x200,
+        ret = 0;
+
+    ret += patchLgySignatureChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+    if(CONFIG(SHOWGBABOOT)) ret += patchAgbBootSplash(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    //Apply UNITINFO patch
+    if(doUnitinfoPatch) ret += patchUnitInfoValueSet(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+
+    if(loadFromStorage)
+    {
+        mergeSection0(AGB_FIRM, 0, true);
+        firm->section[0].size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+u32 patch1x2xNativeAndSafeFirm(void)
+{
+    u8 *arm9Section = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[2].offset;
+
+    if(ISN3DS)
+    {
+        //Decrypt Arm9Bin and patch Arm9 entrypoint to skip kernel9loader
+        kernel9Loader((Arm9Bin *)arm9Section);
+        firm->arm9Entry = (u8 *)0x801B01C;
+    }
+
+    //Find the Process9 .code location, size and memory address
+    u32 process9Size,
+        process9MemAddr;
+    u8 *process9Offset = getProcess9Info(arm9Section, firm->section[2].size, &process9Size, &process9MemAddr);
+
+    u32 kernel9Size = (u32)(process9Offset - arm9Section) - sizeof(Cxi) - 0x200,
+        ret = 0;
+
+    ret += ISN3DS ? patchFirmWrites(process9Offset, process9Size) : patchOldFirmWrites(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    ret += ISN3DS ? patchSignatureChecks(process9Offset, process9Size) : patchOldSignatureChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+    //Arm9 exception handlers
+    ret += patchArm9ExceptionHandlersInstall(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+    ret += patchSvcBreak9(arm9Section, kernel9Size, (u32)firm->section[2].address);
+
+    if(ISN3DS && CONFIG(ENABLESAFEFIRMROSALINA))
+    {
+        u8 *arm11Section1 = (u8 *)firm + firm->section[1].offset;
+        //Find the Kernel11 SVC table and handler, exceptions page and free space locations
+        u32 baseK11VA;
+        u8 *freeK11Space;
+        u32 *arm11SvcHandler,
+            *arm11ExceptionsPage,
+            *arm11SvcTable = getKernel11Info(arm11Section1, firm->section[1].size, &baseK11VA, &freeK11Space, &arm11SvcHandler, &arm11ExceptionsPage);
+
+        ret += installK11Extension(arm11Section1, firm->section[1].size, false, baseK11VA, arm11ExceptionsPage, &freeK11Space);
+        ret += patchKernel11(arm11Section1, firm->section[1].size, baseK11VA, arm11SvcTable, arm11ExceptionsPage);
+
+        // Add some other patches to the mix, as we can now launch homebrew on SAFE_FIRM:
+
+        //Apply firmlaunch patches
+        //Or don't, this makes usm not work
+        //ret += patchFirmlaunches(process9Offset, process9Size, process9MemAddr);
+
+        ret += patchKernel9Panic(arm9Section, kernel9Size);
+        ret += patchP9AccessChecks(process9Offset, process9Size);
+
+        mergeSection0(NATIVE_FIRM, 0x45, false); // may change in the future
+        firm->section[0].size = 0;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void launchFirm(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    prepareArm11ForFirmlaunch();
+    chainload(argc, argv, firm);
+}

arm9/source/firm.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+#include "3dsheaders.h"
+
+u32 loadNintendoFirm(FirmwareType *firmType, FirmwareSource nandType, bool loadFromStorage, bool isSafeMode);
+void loadHomebrewFirm(u32 pressed);
+u32 patchNativeFirm(u32 firmVersion, FirmwareSource nandType, bool loadFromStorage, bool isFirmProtEnabled, bool needToInitSd, bool doUnitinfoPatch);
+u32 patchTwlFirm(u32 firmVersion, bool loadFromStorage, bool doUnitinfoPatch);
+u32 patchAgbFirm(bool loadFromStorage, bool doUnitinfoPatch);
+u32 patch1x2xNativeAndSafeFirm(void);
+void launchFirm(int argc, char **argv);

arm9/source/fmt.c

@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/* File : barebones/ee_printf.c
+	This file contains an implementation of ee_printf that only requires a method to output a char to a UART without pulling in library code.
+
+This code is based on a file that contains the following:
+ Copyright (C) 2002 Michael Ringgaard. All rights reserved.
+
+ Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ are met:
+
+ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
+    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+    without specific prior written permission.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+*/
+
+//TuxSH's changes: add support for 64-bit numbers, remove floating-point code
+
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+
+#define ZEROPAD   (1<<0) //Pad with zero
+#define SIGN      (1<<1) //Unsigned/signed long
+#define PLUS      (1<<2) //Show plus
+#define SPACE     (1<<3) //Spacer
+#define LEFT      (1<<4) //Left justified
+#define HEX_PREP  (1<<5) //0x
+#define UPPERCASE (1<<6) //'ABCDEF'
+
+#define IS_DIGIT(c) ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
+
+static s32 skipAtoi(const char **s)
+{
+    s32 i = 0;
+
+    while(IS_DIGIT(**s)) i = i * 10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
+
+    return i;
+}
+
+static char *processNumber(char *str, s64 num, bool isHex, s32 size, s32 precision, u32 type)
+{
+    char sign = 0;
+
+    if(type & SIGN)
+    {
+        if(num < 0)
+        {
+            sign = '-';
+            num = -num;
+            size--;
+        }
+        else if(type & PLUS)
+        {
+            sign = '+';
+            size--;
+        }
+        else if(type & SPACE)
+        {
+            sign = ' ';
+            size--;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static const char *lowerDigits = "0123456789abcdef",
+                      *upperDigits = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+
+    s32 i = 0;
+    char tmp[20];
+    const char *dig = (type & UPPERCASE) ? upperDigits : lowerDigits;
+
+    if(num == 0)
+    {
+        if(precision != 0) tmp[i++] = '0';
+        type &= ~HEX_PREP;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        while(num != 0)
+        {
+            u64 base = isHex ? 16ULL : 10ULL;
+            tmp[i++] = dig[(u64)num % base];
+            num = (s64)((u64)num / base);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(type & LEFT || precision != -1) type &= ~ZEROPAD;
+    if(type & HEX_PREP && isHex) size -= 2;
+    if(i > precision) precision = i;
+    size -= precision;
+    if(!(type & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) while(size-- > 0) *str++ = ' ';
+    if(sign) *str++ = sign;
+
+    if(type & HEX_PREP && isHex)
+    {
+        *str++ = '0';
+        *str++ = 'x';
+    }
+
+    if(type & ZEROPAD) while(size-- > 0) *str++ = '0';
+    while(i < precision--) *str++ = '0';
+    while(i-- > 0) *str++ = tmp[i];
+    while(size-- > 0) *str++ = ' ';
+
+    return str;
+}
+
+int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+    char *str;
+
+    for(str = buf; *fmt; fmt++)
+    {
+        if(*fmt != '%')
+        {
+            *str++ = *fmt;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        //Process flags
+        u32 flags = 0; //Flags to number()
+        bool loop = true;
+
+        while(loop)
+        {
+            switch(*++fmt)
+            {
+                case '-': flags |= LEFT; break;
+                case '+': flags |= PLUS; break;
+                case ' ': flags |= SPACE; break;
+                case '#': flags |= HEX_PREP; break;
+                case '0': flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
+                default: loop = false; break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        //Get field width
+        s32 fieldWidth = -1; //Width of output field
+        if(IS_DIGIT(*fmt)) fieldWidth = skipAtoi(&fmt);
+        else if(*fmt == '*')
+        {
+            fmt++;
+
+            fieldWidth = va_arg(args, s32);
+
+            if(fieldWidth < 0)
+            {
+                fieldWidth = -fieldWidth;
+                flags |= LEFT;
+            }
+        }
+
+        //Get the precision
+        s32 precision = -1; //Min. # of digits for integers; max number of chars for from string
+        if(*fmt == '.')
+        {
+            fmt++;
+
+            if(IS_DIGIT(*fmt)) precision = skipAtoi(&fmt);
+            else if(*fmt == '*')
+            {
+                fmt++;
+                precision = va_arg(args, s32);
+            }
+
+            if(precision < 0) precision = 0;
+        }
+
+        //Get the conversion qualifier
+        u32 integerType = 0;
+        if(*fmt == 'l')
+        {
+            if(*++fmt == 'l')
+            {
+                fmt++;
+                integerType = 1;
+            }
+
+        }
+        else if(*fmt == 'h')
+        {
+            if(*++fmt == 'h')
+            {
+                fmt++;
+                integerType = 3;
+            }
+            else integerType = 2;
+        }
+
+        bool isHex;
+
+        switch(*fmt)
+        {
+            case 'c':
+                if(!(flags & LEFT)) while(--fieldWidth > 0) *str++ = ' ';
+                *str++ = (u8)va_arg(args, s32);
+                while(--fieldWidth > 0) *str++ = ' ';
+                continue;
+
+            case 's':
+            {
+                char *s = va_arg(args, char *);
+                if(!s) s = "<NULL>";
+                u32 len = (precision != -1) ? strnlen(s, precision) : strlen(s);
+                if(!(flags & LEFT)) while((s32)len < fieldWidth--) *str++ = ' ';
+                for(u32 i = 0; i < len; i++) *str++ = *s++;
+                while((s32)len < fieldWidth--) *str++ = ' ';
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            case 'p':
+                if(fieldWidth == -1)
+                {
+                    fieldWidth = 8;
+                    flags |= ZEROPAD;
+                }
+                str = processNumber(str, va_arg(args, u32), true, fieldWidth, precision, flags);
+                continue;
+
+            //Integer number formats - set up the flags and "break"
+            case 'X':
+                flags |= UPPERCASE;
+                //Falls through
+            case 'x':
+                isHex = true;
+                break;
+
+            case 'd':
+            case 'i':
+                flags |= SIGN;
+                //Falls through
+            case 'u':
+                isHex = false;
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                if(*fmt != '%') *str++ = '%';
+                if(*fmt) *str++ = *fmt;
+                else fmt--;
+                continue;
+        }
+
+        s64 num;
+
+        if(flags & SIGN)
+        {
+            if(integerType == 1) num = va_arg(args, s64);
+            else num = va_arg(args, s32);
+
+            if(integerType == 2) num = (s16)num;
+            else if(integerType == 3) num = (s8)num;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if(integerType == 1) num = va_arg(args, u64);
+            else num = va_arg(args, u32);
+
+            if(integerType == 2) num = (u16)num;
+            else if(integerType == 3) num = (u8)num;
+        }
+
+        str = processNumber(str, num, isHex, fieldWidth, precision, flags);
+    }
+
+    *str = 0;
+    return (int)(str - buf);
+}
+
+int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+    int res = vsprintf(buf, fmt, args);
+    va_end(args);
+    return res;
+}

arm9/source/fmt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+#include "memory.h"
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args);
+int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...);

arm9/source/fs.c

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+#include "crypto.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "fatfs/ff.h"
+#include "buttons.h"
+#include "firm.h"
+#include "crypto.h"
+#include "strings.h"
+
+static FATFS sdFs,
+             nandFs;
+
+static bool switchToMainDir(bool isSd)
+{
+    const char *mainDir = isSd ? "/luma" : "/rw/luma";
+
+    switch(f_chdir(mainDir))
+    {
+        case FR_OK:
+            return true;
+        case FR_NO_PATH:
+            return f_mkdir(mainDir) == FR_OK && switchToMainDir(isSd);
+        default:
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+bool mountFs(bool isSd, bool switchToCtrNand)
+{
+    return isSd ? f_mount(&sdFs, "0:", 1) == FR_OK && switchToMainDir(true) :
+                  f_mount(&nandFs, "1:", 1) == FR_OK && (!switchToCtrNand || (f_chdrive("1:") == FR_OK && switchToMainDir(false)));
+}
+
+u32 fileRead(void *dest, const char *path, u32 maxSize)
+{
+    FIL file;
+    FRESULT result = FR_OK;
+    u32 ret = 0;
+
+    if(f_open(&file, path, FA_READ) != FR_OK) return ret;
+
+    u32 size = f_size(&file);
+    if(dest == NULL) ret = size;
+    else if(size <= maxSize)
+        result = f_read(&file, dest, size, (unsigned int *)&ret);
+    result |= f_close(&file);
+
+    return result == FR_OK ? ret : 0;
+}
+
+u32 getFileSize(const char *path)
+{
+    return fileRead(NULL, path, 0);
+}
+
+bool fileWrite(const void *buffer, const char *path, u32 size)
+{
+    FIL file;
+    FRESULT result = FR_OK;
+
+    switch(f_open(&file, path, FA_WRITE | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS))
+    {
+        case FR_OK:
+        {
+            unsigned int written;
+            result = f_write(&file, buffer, size, &written);
+            if(result == FR_OK) result = f_truncate(&file);
+            result |= f_close(&file);
+
+            return result == FR_OK && (u32)written == size;
+        }
+        case FR_NO_PATH:
+            for(u32 i = 1; path[i] != 0; i++)
+                if(path[i] == '/')
+                {
+                    char folder[i + 1];
+                    memcpy(folder, path, i);
+                    folder[i] = 0;
+                    result = f_mkdir(folder);
+                }
+
+            return result == FR_OK && fileWrite(buffer, path, size);
+        default:
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+bool fileDelete(const char *path)
+{
+    return f_unlink(path) == FR_OK;
+}
+
+bool findPayload(char *path, u32 pressed)
+{
+    const char *pattern;
+
+    if(pressed & BUTTON_LEFT) pattern = PATTERN("left");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_RIGHT) pattern = PATTERN("right");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_UP) pattern = PATTERN("up");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_DOWN) pattern = PATTERN("down");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_START) pattern = PATTERN("start");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_B) pattern = PATTERN("b");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_X) pattern = PATTERN("x");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_Y) pattern = PATTERN("y");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_R1) pattern = PATTERN("r");
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_A) pattern = PATTERN("a");
+    else pattern = PATTERN("select");
+
+    DIR dir;
+    FILINFO info;
+    FRESULT result;
+
+    result = f_findfirst(&dir, &info, "payloads", pattern);
+
+    if(result != FR_OK) return false;
+
+    f_closedir(&dir);
+
+    if(!info.fname[0]) return false;
+
+    sprintf(path, "payloads/%s", info.fname);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool payloadMenu(char *path)
+{
+    DIR dir;
+
+    if(f_opendir(&dir, "payloads") != FR_OK) return false;
+
+    FILINFO info;
+    u32 payloadNum = 0;
+    char payloadList[20][49];
+
+    while(f_readdir(&dir, &info) == FR_OK && info.fname[0] != 0 && payloadNum < 20)
+    {
+        if(info.fname[0] == '.') continue;
+
+        u32 nameLength = strlen(info.fname);
+
+        if(nameLength < 6 || nameLength > 52) continue;
+
+        nameLength -= 5;
+
+        if(memcmp(info.fname + nameLength, ".firm", 5) != 0) continue;
+
+        memcpy(payloadList[payloadNum], info.fname, nameLength);
+        payloadList[payloadNum][nameLength] = 0;
+        payloadNum++;
+    }
+
+    if(f_closedir(&dir) != FR_OK || !payloadNum) return false;
+
+    u32 pressed = 0,
+        selectedPayload = 0;
+
+    if(payloadNum != 1)
+    {
+        initScreens();
+
+        drawString(true, 10, 10, COLOR_TITLE, "Luma3DS chainloader");
+        drawString(true, 10, 10 + SPACING_Y, COLOR_TITLE, "Press A to select, START to quit");
+
+        for(u32 i = 0, posY = 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, color = COLOR_RED; i < payloadNum; i++, posY += SPACING_Y)
+        {
+            drawString(true, 10, posY, color, payloadList[i]);
+            if(color == COLOR_RED) color = COLOR_WHITE;
+        }
+
+        while(pressed != BUTTON_A && pressed != BUTTON_START)
+        {
+            do
+            {
+                pressed = waitInput(true) & MENU_BUTTONS;
+            }
+            while(!pressed);
+
+            u32 oldSelectedPayload = selectedPayload;
+
+            switch(pressed)
+            {
+                case BUTTON_UP:
+                    selectedPayload = !selectedPayload ? payloadNum - 1 : selectedPayload - 1;
+                    break;
+                case BUTTON_DOWN:
+                    selectedPayload = selectedPayload == payloadNum - 1 ? 0 : selectedPayload + 1;
+                    break;
+                case BUTTON_LEFT:
+                    selectedPayload = 0;
+                    break;
+                case BUTTON_RIGHT:
+                    selectedPayload = payloadNum - 1;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    continue;
+            }
+
+            if(oldSelectedPayload == selectedPayload) continue;
+
+            drawString(true, 10, 10 + (3 + oldSelectedPayload) * SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, payloadList[oldSelectedPayload]);
+            drawString(true, 10, 10 + (3 + selectedPayload) * SPACING_Y, COLOR_RED, payloadList[selectedPayload]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(pressed != BUTTON_START)
+    {
+        sprintf(path, "payloads/%s.firm", payloadList[selectedPayload]);
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    while(HID_PAD & MENU_BUTTONS);
+    wait(2000ULL);
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+u32 firmRead(void *dest, u32 firmType)
+{
+    static const char *firmFolders[][2] = {{"00000002", "20000002"},
+                                           {"00000102", "20000102"},
+                                           {"00000202", "20000202"},
+                                           {"00000003", "20000003"},
+                                           {"00000001", "20000001"}};
+
+    char folderPath[35],
+         path[48];
+
+    sprintf(folderPath, "1:/title/00040138/%s/content", firmFolders[firmType][ISN3DS ? 1 : 0]);
+
+    DIR dir;
+    u32 firmVersion = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+    if(f_opendir(&dir, folderPath) != FR_OK) goto exit;
+
+    FILINFO info;
+
+    //Parse the target directory
+    while(f_readdir(&dir, &info) == FR_OK && info.fname[0] != 0)
+    {
+        //Not a cxi
+        if(info.fname[9] != 'a' || strlen(info.fname) != 12) continue;
+
+        u32 tempVersion = hexAtoi(info.altname, 8);
+
+        //Found an older cxi
+        if(tempVersion < firmVersion) firmVersion = tempVersion;
+    }
+
+    if(f_closedir(&dir) != FR_OK || firmVersion == 0xFFFFFFFF) goto exit;
+
+    //Complete the string with the .app name
+    sprintf(path, "%s/%08lx.app", folderPath, firmVersion);
+
+    if(fileRead(dest, path, 0x400000 + sizeof(Cxi) + 0x200) <= sizeof(Cxi) + 0x400) firmVersion = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+exit:
+    return firmVersion;
+}
+
+void findDumpFile(const char *folderPath, char *fileName)
+{
+    DIR dir;
+    FRESULT result;
+
+    for(u32 n = 0; n <= 99999999; n++)
+    {
+        FILINFO info;
+
+        sprintf(fileName, "crash_dump_%08lu.dmp", n);
+        result = f_findfirst(&dir, &info, folderPath, fileName);
+
+        if(result != FR_OK || !info.fname[0]) break;
+    }
+
+    if(result == FR_OK) f_closedir(&dir);
+}

arm9/source/fs.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+#define PATTERN(a) a "_*.firm"
+
+bool mountFs(bool isSd, bool switchToCtrNand);
+u32 fileRead(void *dest, const char *path, u32 maxSize);
+u32 getFileSize(const char *path);
+bool fileWrite(const void *buffer, const char *path, u32 size);
+bool fileDelete(const char *path);
+bool findPayload(char *path, u32 pressed);
+bool payloadMenu(char *path);
+u32 firmRead(void *dest, u32 firmType);
+void findDumpFile(const char *folderPath, char *fileName);

arm9/source/i2c.c

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ *   This file is part of fastboot 3DS
+ *   Copyright (C) 2017 derrek, profi200
+ *
+ *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include "types.h"
+#include "i2c.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+#define I2C1_REGS_BASE  (0x10161000)
+
+#define I2C2_REGS_BASE  (0x10144000)
+
+#define I2C3_REGS_BASE  (0x10148000)
+
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    vu8  REG_I2C_DATA;
+    vu8  REG_I2C_CNT;
+    vu16 REG_I2C_CNTEX;
+    vu16 REG_I2C_SCL;
+} I2cRegs;
+
+static const struct
+{
+    u8 busId;
+    u8 devAddr;
+} i2cDevTable[] =
+{
+    {0, 0x4A},
+    {0, 0x7A},
+    {0, 0x78},
+    {1, 0x4A},
+    {1, 0x78},
+    {1, 0x2C},
+    {1, 0x2E},
+    {1, 0x40},
+    {1, 0x44},
+    {2, 0xA6}, // TODO: Find out if 0xA6 or 0xD6 is correct
+    {2, 0xD0},
+    {2, 0xD2},
+    {2, 0xA4},
+    {2, 0x9A},
+    {2, 0xA0},
+    {1, 0xEE},
+    {0, 0x40},
+    {2, 0x54}
+};
+
+
+
+static void i2cWaitBusy(I2cRegs *const regs)
+{
+    while(regs->REG_I2C_CNT & I2C_ENABLE);
+}
+
+static I2cRegs* i2cGetBusRegsBase(u8 busId)
+{
+    I2cRegs *base;
+    switch(busId)
+    {
+        case 0:
+            base = (I2cRegs*)I2C1_REGS_BASE;
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            base = (I2cRegs*)I2C2_REGS_BASE;
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            base = (I2cRegs*)I2C3_REGS_BASE;
+            break;
+        default:
+            base = NULL;
+    }
+
+    return base;
+}
+
+void I2C_init(void)
+{
+    I2cRegs *regs = i2cGetBusRegsBase(0); // Bus 1
+    i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+    regs->REG_I2C_CNTEX = 2;  // ?
+    regs->REG_I2C_SCL = 1280; // ?
+
+    regs = i2cGetBusRegsBase(1); // Bus 2
+    i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+    regs->REG_I2C_CNTEX = 2;  // ?
+    regs->REG_I2C_SCL = 1280; // ?
+
+    regs = i2cGetBusRegsBase(2); // Bus 3
+    i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+    regs->REG_I2C_CNTEX = 2;  // ?
+    regs->REG_I2C_SCL = 1280; // ?
+}
+
+static bool i2cStartTransfer(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, bool read, I2cRegs *const regs)
+{
+    const u8 devAddr = i2cDevTable[devId].devAddr;
+
+
+    u32 i = 0;
+    for(; i < 8; i++)
+    {
+        i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+
+        // Select device and start.
+        regs->REG_I2C_DATA = devAddr;
+        regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_START;
+        i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+        if(!I2C_GET_ACK(regs->REG_I2C_CNT)) // If ack flag is 0 it failed.
+        {
+            regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_ERROR | I2C_STOP;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Select register and change direction to write.
+        regs->REG_I2C_DATA = regAddr;
+        regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_DIRE_WRITE;
+        i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+        if(!I2C_GET_ACK(regs->REG_I2C_CNT)) // If ack flag is 0 it failed.
+        {
+            regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_ERROR | I2C_STOP;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Select device in read mode for read transfer.
+        if(read)
+        {
+            regs->REG_I2C_DATA = devAddr | 1u; // Set bit 0 for read.
+            regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_START;
+            i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+            if(!I2C_GET_ACK(regs->REG_I2C_CNT)) // If ack flag is 0 it failed.
+            {
+                regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_ERROR | I2C_STOP;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if(i < 8) return true;
+    else return false;
+}
+
+bool I2C_readRegBuf(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, u8 *out, u32 size)
+{
+    const u8 busId = i2cDevTable[devId].busId;
+    I2cRegs *const regs = i2cGetBusRegsBase(busId);
+
+
+    if(!i2cStartTransfer(devId, regAddr, true, regs)) return false;
+
+    while(--size)
+    {
+        regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_DIRE_READ | I2C_ACK;
+        i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+        *out++ = regs->REG_I2C_DATA;
+    }
+
+    regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_DIRE_READ | I2C_STOP;
+    i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+    *out = regs->REG_I2C_DATA; // Last byte
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool I2C_writeRegBuf(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, const u8 *in, u32 size)
+{
+    const u8 busId = i2cDevTable[devId].busId;
+    I2cRegs *const regs = i2cGetBusRegsBase(busId);
+
+
+    if(!i2cStartTransfer(devId, regAddr, false, regs)) return false;
+
+    while(--size)
+    {
+        regs->REG_I2C_DATA = *in++;
+        regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_DIRE_WRITE;
+        i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+        if(!I2C_GET_ACK(regs->REG_I2C_CNT)) // If ack flag is 0 it failed.
+        {
+            regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_ERROR | I2C_STOP;
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    regs->REG_I2C_DATA = *in;
+    regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_DIRE_WRITE | I2C_STOP;
+    i2cWaitBusy(regs);
+    if(!I2C_GET_ACK(regs->REG_I2C_CNT)) // If ack flag is 0 it failed.
+    {
+        regs->REG_I2C_CNT = I2C_ENABLE | I2C_IRQ_ENABLE | I2C_ERROR | I2C_STOP;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+u8 I2C_readReg(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr)
+{
+    u8 data;
+    if(!I2C_readRegBuf(devId, regAddr, &data, 1)) return 0xFF;
+    return data;
+}
+
+bool I2C_writeReg(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, u8 data)
+{
+    return I2C_writeRegBuf(devId, regAddr, &data, 1);
+}

arm9/source/i2c.h

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#pragma once
+
+/*
+ *   This file is part of fastboot 3DS
+ *   Copyright (C) 2017 derrek, profi200
+ *
+ *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include "types.h"
+
+
+#define I2C_STOP          (1u)
+#define I2C_START         (1u<<1)
+#define I2C_ERROR         (1u<<2)
+#define I2C_ACK           (1u<<4)
+#define I2C_DIRE_WRITE    (0u)
+#define I2C_DIRE_READ     (1u<<5)
+#define I2C_IRQ_ENABLE    (1u<<6)
+#define I2C_ENABLE        (1u<<7)
+
+#define I2C_GET_ACK(reg)  ((bool)((reg)>>4 & 1u))
+
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    I2C_DEV_POWER     = 0, 	// Unconfirmed
+    I2C_DEV_CAMERA    = 1, 	// Unconfirmed
+    I2C_DEV_CAMERA2   = 2, 	// Unconfirmed
+    I2C_DEV_MCU       = 3,
+    I2C_DEV_GYRO      = 10,
+    I2C_DEV_DEBUG_PAD = 12,
+    I2C_DEV_IR        = 13,
+    I2C_DEV_EEPROM    = 14, // Unconfirmed
+    I2C_DEV_NFC       = 15,
+    I2C_DEV_QTM       = 16,
+    I2C_DEV_N3DS_HID  = 17
+} I2cDevice;
+
+
+
+/**
+ * @brief      Initializes the I2C buses. Call this only once.
+ */
+void I2C_init(void);
+
+/**
+ * @brief      Reads data from a I2C register to a buffer.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  devId    The device ID. Use the enum above.
+ * @param[in]  regAddr  The register address.
+ * @param      out      The output buffer pointer.
+ * @param[in]  size     The read size.
+ *
+ * @return     Returns true on success and false on failure.
+ */
+bool I2C_readRegBuf(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, u8 *out, u32 size);
+
+/**
+ * @brief      Writes a buffer to a I2C register.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  devId    The device ID. Use the enum above.
+ * @param[in]  regAddr  The register address.
+ * @param[in]  in       The input buffer pointer.
+ * @param[in]  size     The write size.
+ *
+ * @return     Returns true on success and false on failure.
+ */
+bool I2C_writeRegBuf(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, const u8 *in, u32 size);
+
+/**
+ * @brief      Reads a byte from a I2C register.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  devId    The device ID. Use the enum above.
+ * @param[in]  regAddr  The register address.
+ *
+ * @return     Returns the value read on success otherwise 0xFF.
+ */
+u8 I2C_readReg(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr);
+
+/**
+ * @brief      Writes a byte to a I2C register.
+ *
+ * @param[in]  devId    The device ID. Use the enum above.
+ * @param[in]  regAddr  The register address.
+ * @param[in]  data     The data to write.
+ *
+ * @return     Returns true on success and false on failure.
+ */
+bool I2C_writeReg(I2cDevice devId, u8 regAddr, u8 data);

arm9/source/large_patches.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+extern const u8 emunandPatch[];
+extern const u32 emunandPatchSize;
+extern u32 emunandPatchSdmmcStructPtr, emunandPatchNandOffset, emunandPatchNcsdHeaderOffset;
+
+extern const u8 rebootPatch[];
+extern const u32 rebootPatchSize;
+extern u32 rebootPatchFopenPtr;
+extern u16 rebootPatchFileName[80+1];

arm9/source/large_patches.s

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+.section .large_patch.emunand, "aw", %progbits
+.arm
+.align 4
+
+@ Code originally by Normmatt
+
+.global emunandPatch
+emunandPatch:
+    @ Original code that still needs to be executed
+    mov r4, r0
+    mov r5, r1
+    mov r7, r2
+    mov r6, r3
+    @ End
+
+    @ If we're already trying to access the SD, return
+    ldr r2, [r0, #4]
+    ldr r1, emunandPatchSdmmcStructPtr
+    cmp r2, r1
+    beq out
+
+    str r1, [r0, #4] @ Set object to be SD
+    ldr r2, [r0, #8] @ Get sector to read
+    cmp r2, #0 @ For GW compatibility, see if we're trying to read the ncsd header (sector 0)
+
+    ldr r3, emunandPatchNandOffset
+    add r2, r3 @ Add the offset to the NAND in the SD
+
+    ldreq r3, emunandPatchNcsdHeaderOffset
+    addeq r2, r3 @ If we're reading the ncsd header, add the offset of that sector
+
+    str r2, [r0, #8] @ Store sector to read
+
+    out:
+        @ Restore registers.
+        mov r1, r5
+        mov r2, r7
+        mov r3, r6
+
+        @ Return 4 bytes behind where we got called,
+        @ due to the offset of this function being stored there
+        mov r0, lr
+        add r0, #4
+        bx r0
+
+.pool
+
+.global emunandPatchSdmmcStructPtr
+.global emunandPatchNandOffset
+.global emunandPatchNcsdHeaderOffset
+
+emunandPatchSdmmcStructPtr:     .word   0 @ Pointer to sdmmc struct
+emunandPatchNandOffset:         .word   0 @ For rednand this should be 1
+emunandPatchNcsdHeaderOffset:   .word   0 @ Depends on nand manufacturer + emunand type (GW/RED)
+
+.pool
+.balign 4
+
+_emunandPatchEnd:
+
+.global emunandPatchSize
+emunandPatchSize:
+    .word _emunandPatchEnd - emunandPatch
+
+@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
+
+@ Code originally from delebile and mid-kid
+
+.section .large_patch.reboot, "aw", %progbits
+.arm
+.align 4
+
+#define copy_launch_stub_stack_top      0x01FFB800
+#define copy_launch_stub_stack_bottom   0x01FFA800
+#define copy_launch_stub_addr           0x01FF9000
+
+#define argv_addr       (copy_launch_stub_stack_bottom - 0x100)
+#define fname_addr      (copy_launch_stub_stack_bottom - 0x200)
+#define low_tid_addr    (copy_launch_stub_stack_bottom - 0x300)
+
+#define firm_addr       0x20001000
+#define firm_maxsize    0x07FFF000
+
+.global rebootPatch
+rebootPatch:
+    @ Interesting registers and locations to keep in mind, set just before this code is ran:
+    @ - r1: FIRM path in exefs.
+    @ - r7 (or r8): pointer to file object
+    @   - *r7: vtable
+    @       - *(vtable + 0x28): fread function
+    @   - *(r7 + 8): file handle
+
+    sub r7, r0, #8
+    mov r8, r1
+
+    pxi_wait_recv:
+        ldr r2, =0x44846
+        ldr r0, =0x10008000
+        readPxiLoop1:
+            ldrh r1, [r0, #4]
+            lsls r1, #0x17
+            bmi readPxiLoop1
+            ldr r0, [r0, #0xC]
+        cmp r0, r2
+        bne pxi_wait_recv
+
+    @ Open file
+    add r0, r7, #8
+    adr r1, rebootPatchFileName
+    mov r2, #1
+    adr r6, rebootPatchFopenPtr
+    ldr r6, [r6]
+    orr r6, #1
+    blx r6
+    cmp r0, #0
+    bne panic
+
+    @ Read file
+    mov r0, r7
+    adr r1, bytes_read
+    ldr r2, =firm_addr
+    ldr r3, =firm_maxsize
+    ldr r6, [r7]
+    ldr r6, [r6, #0x28]
+    blx r6
+
+    @ Copy the low TID (in UTF-16) of the wanted firm
+    ldr r0, =low_tid_addr
+    add r1, r8, #0x1A
+    mov r2, #0x10
+    bl memcpy16
+
+    @ Copy argv[0]
+    ldr r0, =fname_addr
+    adr r1, rebootPatchFileName
+    mov r2, #82
+    bl memcpy16
+
+    ldr r0, =argv_addr
+    ldr r1, =fname_addr
+    ldr r2, =low_tid_addr
+    stmia r0, {r1, r2}
+
+    @ Set kernel state
+    mov r0, #0
+    mov r1, #0
+    mov r2, #0
+    mov r3, #0
+    svc 0x7C
+
+    goto_reboot:
+        @ Jump to reboot code
+        ldr r0, kernel_func_displ
+        add r0, pc @ pc is two instructions ahead of the instruction being executed (12 = 2*4 + 4)
+        svc 0x7B
+
+    die:
+        b die
+
+    memcpy16:
+        cmp r2, #0
+        bxeq lr
+        add r2, r0, r2
+        copy_loop16:
+            ldrh r3, [r1], #2
+            strh r3, [r0], #2
+            cmp r0, r2
+            blo copy_loop16
+        bx lr
+
+    panic:
+        mov r1, r0 @ unused register
+        mov r0, #0
+        svc 0x3C @ svcBreak(USERBREAK_PANIC)
+        b die
+
+kernel_func_displ:
+    .word kernelcode_start - goto_reboot - 12
+
+bytes_read:
+    .word 0
+
+.global rebootPatchFopenPtr
+rebootPatchFopenPtr:
+    .word 0
+
+.pool
+
+.global rebootPatchFileName
+rebootPatchFileName:
+    .skip 2*(80+1)
+
+.balign 4
+    kernelcode_start:
+
+    msr cpsr_cxsf, #0xD3  @ disable interrupts and clear flags
+
+    ldr sp, =copy_launch_stub_stack_top
+
+    ldr r0, =copy_launch_stub_addr
+    adr r1, copy_launch_stub
+    mov r2, #(copy_launch_stub_end - copy_launch_stub)
+    bl memcpy32
+
+    @ Disable MPU
+    ldr r0, =0x42078 @ alt vector select, enable itcm
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0
+
+    bl flushCaches
+
+    ldr r0, =copy_launch_stub_addr
+    bx r0
+
+    copy_launch_stub:
+
+    ldr r4, =firm_addr
+
+    mov r5, #0
+    load_section_loop:
+        @ Such checks. Very ghetto. Wow.
+        add r3, r4, #0x40
+        add r3, r5,lsl #5
+        add r3, r5,lsl #4
+        ldmia r3, {r6-r8}
+        cmp r8, #0
+        movne r0, r7
+        addne r1, r4, r6
+        movne r2, r8
+        blne memcpy32
+        add r5, #1
+        cmp r5, #4
+        blo load_section_loop
+
+    mov r0, #2 @ argc
+    ldr r1, =argv_addr @ argv
+    ldr r2, =0xBABE    @ magic word
+
+    mov r5, #0x20000000
+    ldr r6, [r4, #0x08]
+    str r6, [r5, #-4]   @ store arm11 entrypoint
+
+    ldr lr, [r4, #0x0c]
+    bx lr
+
+    memcpy32:
+    add r2, r0, r2
+    copy_loop32:
+        ldr r3, [r1], #4
+        str r3, [r0], #4
+        cmp r0, r2
+        blo copy_loop32
+    bx lr
+
+    .pool
+
+    copy_launch_stub_end:
+
+    flushCaches:
+
+    @ Clean and flush data cache
+    mov r1, #0 @ segment counter
+    outer_loop:
+        mov r0, #0 @ line counter
+
+        inner_loop:
+            orr r2, r1, r0 @ generate segment and line address
+            mcr p15, 0, r2, c7, c14, 2 @ clean and flush the line
+            add r0, #0x20 @ increment to next line
+            cmp r0, #0x400
+            bne inner_loop
+
+        add r1, #0x40000000
+        cmp r1, #0
+        bne outer_loop
+
+    @ Drain write buffer
+    mcr p15, 0, r1, c7, c10, 4
+
+    @ Flush instruction cache
+    mcr p15, 0, r1, c7, c5, 0
+
+    bx lr
+
+.pool
+.balign 4
+
+_rebootPatchEnd:
+
+.global rebootPatchSize
+rebootPatchSize:
+    .word _rebootPatchEnd - rebootPatch

arm9/source/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include "emunand.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "firm.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "exceptions.h"
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "buttons.h"
+#include "pin.h"
+#include "crypto.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "i2c.h"
+#include "fatfs/sdmmc/sdmmc.h"
+
+extern u8 __itcm_start__[], __itcm_lma__[], __itcm_bss_start__[], __itcm_end__[];
+
+extern CfgData configData;
+extern ConfigurationStatus needConfig;
+extern FirmwareSource firmSource;
+
+bool isSdMode;
+u16 launchedPath[80+1];
+BootType bootType;
+
+void main(int argc, char **argv, u32 magicWord)
+{
+    bool isFirmProtEnabled,
+         isSafeMode = false,
+         needToInitSd = false,
+         isNoForceFlagSet = false,
+         isInvalidLoader = false,
+         isNtrBoot;
+    FirmwareType firmType;
+    FirmwareSource nandType;
+    const vu8 *bootMediaStatus = (const vu8 *)0x1FFFE00C;
+    const vu32 *bootPartitionsStatus = (const vu32 *)0x1FFFE010;
+    u32 firmlaunchTidLow = 0;
+
+    //Shell closed, no error booting NTRCARD, NAND paritions not even considered
+    isNtrBoot = bootMediaStatus[3] == 2 && !bootMediaStatus[1] && !bootPartitionsStatus[0] && !bootPartitionsStatus[1];
+
+    if((magicWord & 0xFFFF) == 0xBEEF && argc >= 1) //Normal (B9S) boot
+    {
+        bootType = isNtrBoot ? B9SNTR : B9S;
+
+        u32 i;
+        for(i = 0; i < sizeof(launchedPath)/2 - 1 && argv[0][i] != 0; i++) //Copy and convert the path to UTF-16
+            launchedPath[i] = argv[0][i];
+        launchedPath[i] = 0;
+    }
+    else if(magicWord == 0xBABE && argc == 2) //Firmlaunch
+    {
+        bootType = FIRMLAUNCH;
+
+        u32 i;
+        u16 *p = (u16 *)argv[0];
+        for(i = 0; i < sizeof(launchedPath)/2 - 1 && p[i] != 0; i++)
+            launchedPath[i] = p[i];
+        launchedPath[i] = 0;
+
+        for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
+            firmlaunchTidLow = (argv[1][2 * i] > '9' ? argv[1][2 * i] - 'a' + 10 : argv[1][2 * i] - '0') | (firmlaunchTidLow << 4);
+    }
+    else if(magicWord == 0xB002) //FIRM/NTRCARD boot
+    {
+        if(isNtrBoot) bootType = NTR;
+        else
+        {
+            const char *path;
+            if(!((vu8 *)bootPartitionsStatus)[2])
+            {
+                bootType = FIRM0;
+                path = "firm0:";
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                bootType = FIRM1;
+                path = "firm1:";
+            }
+
+            for(u32 i = 0; i < 7; i++) //Copy and convert the path to UTF-16
+                launchedPath[i] = path[i];
+        }
+
+        setupKeyslots();
+    }
+    else isInvalidLoader = true;
+
+    // Set up the additional sections, overwrites argc
+    memcpy(__itcm_start__, __itcm_lma__, __itcm_bss_start__ - __itcm_start__);
+    memset(__itcm_bss_start__, 0, __itcm_end__ - __itcm_bss_start__);
+    I2C_init();
+    if(isInvalidLoader) error("Launched using an unsupported loader.");
+
+    installArm9Handlers();
+
+    if(memcmp(launchedPath, u"sdmc", 8) == 0)
+    {
+        if(!mountFs(true, false)) error("Failed to mount SD.");
+        isSdMode = true;
+    }
+    else if(memcmp(launchedPath, u"nand", 8) == 0)
+    {
+        if(!mountFs(false, true)) error("Failed to mount CTRNAND.");
+        isSdMode = false;
+    }
+    else if(bootType == NTR || memcmp(launchedPath, u"firm", 8) == 0)
+    {
+        if(mountFs(true, false)) isSdMode = true;
+        else if(mountFs(false, true)) isSdMode = false;
+        else error("Failed to mount SD and CTRNAND.");
+
+        if(bootType == NTR)
+        {
+            while(HID_PAD & NTRBOOT_BUTTONS);
+            loadHomebrewFirm(0);
+            mcuPowerOff();
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        char mountPoint[5];
+
+        u32 i;
+        for(i = 0; i < 4 && launchedPath[i] != u':'; i++)
+            mountPoint[i] = (char)launchedPath[i];
+        mountPoint[i] = 0;
+
+        error("Launched from an unsupported location: %s.", mountPoint);
+    }
+
+    detectAndProcessExceptionDumps();
+
+    //Attempt to read the configuration file
+    needConfig = readConfig() ? MODIFY_CONFIGURATION : CREATE_CONFIGURATION;
+
+    //Determine if this is a firmlaunch boot
+    if(bootType == FIRMLAUNCH)
+    {
+        if(needConfig == CREATE_CONFIGURATION) mcuPowerOff();
+
+        switch(firmlaunchTidLow & 0xF)
+        {
+            case 2:
+                firmType = (FirmwareType)((firmlaunchTidLow >> 8) & 0xF);
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                firmType = SAFE_FIRM;
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                firmType = SYSUPDATER_FIRM;
+                break;
+        }
+
+        nandType = (FirmwareSource)BOOTCFG_NAND;
+        firmSource = (FirmwareSource)BOOTCFG_FIRM;
+        isFirmProtEnabled = !BOOTCFG_NTRCARDBOOT;
+
+        goto boot;
+    }
+
+    firmType = NATIVE_FIRM;
+    isFirmProtEnabled = bootType != NTR;
+
+    //Get pressed buttons
+    u32 pressed = HID_PAD;
+
+    //If it's a MCU reboot, try to force boot options
+    if(CFG_BOOTENV && needConfig != CREATE_CONFIGURATION)
+    {
+        //Always force a SysNAND boot when quitting AGB_FIRM
+        if(CFG_BOOTENV == 7)
+        {
+            nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+            firmSource = (BOOTCFG_NAND != 0) == (BOOTCFG_FIRM != 0) ? FIRMWARE_SYSNAND : (FirmwareSource)BOOTCFG_FIRM;
+
+            //Prevent multiple boot options-forcing
+            if(nandType != BOOTCFG_NAND || firmSource != BOOTCFG_FIRM) isNoForceFlagSet = true;
+
+            goto boot;
+        }
+
+        //Account for DSiWare soft resets if exiting TWL_FIRM
+        if(CFG_BOOTENV == 3)
+        {
+            static const u8 TLNC[] = {0x54, 0x4C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x4E, 0x43};
+            if(memcmp((void *)0x20000C00, TLNC, 10) == 0) needToInitSd = true;
+        }
+
+        /* Force the last used boot options if autobooting a TWL title, or unless a button is pressed
+           or the no-forcing flag is set */
+        if(needToInitSd || memcmp((void *)0x20000300, "TLNC", 4) == 0 || (!pressed && !BOOTCFG_NOFORCEFLAG))
+        {
+            nandType = (FirmwareSource)BOOTCFG_NAND;
+            firmSource = (FirmwareSource)BOOTCFG_FIRM;
+
+            goto boot;
+        }
+    }
+
+    u32 pinMode = MULTICONFIG(PIN);
+    bool shouldLoadConfigMenu = needConfig == CREATE_CONFIGURATION || ((pressed & (BUTTON_SELECT | BUTTON_L1)) == BUTTON_SELECT);
+    bool pinExists = pinMode != 0 && verifyPin(pinMode);
+
+    /* If the PIN has been verified, wait to make it easier to press the SAFE_MODE combo or the configuration menu button
+       (if not already pressed, for the latter) */
+    if(pinExists && !shouldLoadConfigMenu)
+    {
+        while(HID_PAD & PIN_BUTTONS);
+        wait(2000ULL);
+
+        //Update pressed buttons
+        pressed = HID_PAD;
+    }
+
+    shouldLoadConfigMenu = needConfig == CREATE_CONFIGURATION || ((pressed & (BUTTON_SELECT | BUTTON_L1)) == BUTTON_SELECT);
+    if(shouldLoadConfigMenu)
+    {
+        configMenu(pinExists, pinMode);
+
+        //Update pressed buttons
+        pressed = HID_PAD;
+    }
+
+    if(!CFG_BOOTENV && pressed == SAFE_MODE)
+    {
+        nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+        firmSource = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+
+        isSafeMode = true;
+        needToInitSd = true;
+
+        goto boot;
+    }
+
+    u32 splashMode = MULTICONFIG(SPLASH);
+
+    if(splashMode == 1 && loadSplash()) pressed = HID_PAD;
+
+    bool autoBootEmu = CONFIG(AUTOBOOTEMU);
+
+    if((pressed & (BUTTON_START | BUTTON_L1)) == BUTTON_START)
+    {
+        loadHomebrewFirm(0);
+        pressed = HID_PAD;
+    }
+    else if((((pressed & SINGLE_PAYLOAD_BUTTONS) || (!autoBootEmu && (pressed & DPAD_BUTTONS))) && !(pressed & (BUTTON_L1 | BUTTON_R1))) ||
+            (((pressed & L_PAYLOAD_BUTTONS) || (autoBootEmu && (pressed & DPAD_BUTTONS))) && (pressed & BUTTON_L1))) loadHomebrewFirm(pressed);
+
+    if(splashMode == 2 && loadSplash()) pressed = HID_PAD;
+
+    //Check SAFE_MODE combo again
+    if(!CFG_BOOTENV && pressed == SAFE_MODE)
+    {
+        nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+        firmSource = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+
+        isSafeMode = true;
+        needToInitSd = true;
+
+        goto boot;
+    }
+
+    //If booting from CTRNAND, always use SysNAND
+    if(!isSdMode) nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+
+    //If R is pressed, boot the non-updated NAND with the FIRM of the opposite one
+    else if(pressed & BUTTON_R1)
+    {
+        if(CONFIG(USEEMUFIRM))
+        {
+            nandType = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+            firmSource = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            nandType = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND;
+            firmSource = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Else, boot the NAND the user set to autoboot or the opposite one, depending on L,
+       with their own FIRM */
+    else firmSource = nandType = (autoBootEmu == ((pressed & BUTTON_L1) == BUTTON_L1)) ? FIRMWARE_SYSNAND : FIRMWARE_EMUNAND;
+
+    //If we're booting EmuNAND or using EmuNAND FIRM, determine which one from the directional pad buttons, or otherwise from the config
+    if(nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND || firmSource == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND)
+    {
+        FirmwareSource tempNand;
+        switch(pressed & DPAD_BUTTONS)
+        {
+            case BUTTON_UP:
+                tempNand = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND;
+                break;
+            case BUTTON_RIGHT:
+                tempNand = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND2;
+                break;
+            case BUTTON_DOWN:
+                tempNand = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND3;
+                break;
+            case BUTTON_LEFT:
+                tempNand = FIRMWARE_EMUNAND4;
+                break;
+            default:
+                tempNand = (FirmwareSource)(1 + MULTICONFIG(DEFAULTEMU));
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if(nandType == FIRMWARE_EMUNAND) nandType = tempNand;
+        else firmSource = tempNand;
+    }
+
+boot:
+
+    //If we need to boot EmuNAND, make sure it exists
+    if(nandType != FIRMWARE_SYSNAND)
+    {
+        locateEmuNand(&nandType);
+        if(nandType == FIRMWARE_SYSNAND) firmSource = FIRMWARE_SYSNAND;
+        else if((*(vu16 *)(SDMMC_BASE + REG_SDSTATUS0) & TMIO_STAT0_WRPROTECT) == 0) //Make sure the SD card isn't write protected
+            error("The SD card is locked, EmuNAND can not be used.\nPlease turn the write protection switch off.");
+    }
+
+    //Same if we're using EmuNAND as the FIRM source
+    else if(firmSource != FIRMWARE_SYSNAND)
+        locateEmuNand(&firmSource);
+
+    if(bootType != FIRMLAUNCH)
+    {
+        configData.bootConfig = ((bootType == NTR ? 1 : 0) << 7) | ((u32)isNoForceFlagSet << 6) | ((u32)firmSource << 3) | (u32)nandType;
+        writeConfig(false);
+    }
+
+    bool loadFromStorage = CONFIG(LOADEXTFIRMSANDMODULES);
+    u32 firmVersion = loadNintendoFirm(&firmType, firmSource, loadFromStorage, isSafeMode);
+
+    bool doUnitinfoPatch = CONFIG(PATCHUNITINFO);
+    u32 res = 0;
+    switch(firmType)
+    {
+        case NATIVE_FIRM:
+            res = patchNativeFirm(firmVersion, nandType, loadFromStorage, isFirmProtEnabled, needToInitSd, doUnitinfoPatch);
+            break;
+        case TWL_FIRM:
+            res = patchTwlFirm(firmVersion, loadFromStorage, doUnitinfoPatch);
+            break;
+        case AGB_FIRM:
+            res = patchAgbFirm(loadFromStorage, doUnitinfoPatch);
+            break;
+        case SAFE_FIRM:
+        case SYSUPDATER_FIRM:
+        case NATIVE_FIRM1X2X:
+            res = patch1x2xNativeAndSafeFirm();
+            break;
+    }
+
+    if(res != 0) error("Failed to apply %u FIRM patch(es).", res);
+
+    if(bootType != FIRMLAUNCH) deinitScreens();
+    launchFirm(0, NULL);
+}

arm9/source/memory.c

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Boyer-Moore Horspool algorithm adapted from http://www-igm.univ-mlv.fr/~lecroq/string/node18.html#SECTION00180
+*   memcpy, memset and memcmp adapted from https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/557a8e8605ab3ee173af6497486e8f22c261d0e2/source/memfuncs.c
+*/
+
+#include "memory.h"
+
+u8 *memsearch(u8 *startPos, const void *pattern, u32 size, u32 patternSize)
+{
+    const u8 *patternc = (const u8 *)pattern;
+    u32 table[256];
+
+    //Preprocessing
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 256; i++)
+        table[i] = patternSize;
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < patternSize - 1; i++)
+        table[patternc[i]] = patternSize - i - 1;
+
+    //Searching
+    u32 j = 0;
+    while(j <= size - patternSize)
+    {
+        u8 c = startPos[j + patternSize - 1];
+        if(patternc[patternSize - 1] == c && memcmp(pattern, startPos + j, patternSize - 1) == 0)
+            return startPos + j;
+        j += table[c];
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}

arm9/source/memory.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,22 +15,22 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
-
 /*
-*   Quick Search algorithm adapted from http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/~lecroq/string/node19.html#SECTION00190
-*   memcpy, memset32 and memcmp adapted from https://github.com/mid-kid/CakesForeveryWan/blob/557a8e8605ab3ee173af6497486e8f22c261d0e2/source/memfuncs.c
+*   Boyer-Moore Horspool algorithm adapted from http://www-igm.univ-mlv.fr/~lecroq/string/node18.html#SECTION00180
 */
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <string.h>
 #include "types.h"
 
-void memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, u32 size);
-void memset32(void *dest, u32 filler, u32 size);
-int memcmp(const void *buf1, const void *buf2, u32 size);
-u8 *memsearch(u8 *startPos, const void *pattern, u32 size, u32 patternSize);
+u8 *memsearch(u8 *startPos, const void *pattern, u32 size, u32 patternSize);

arm9/source/patches.c

@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Signature patches by an unknown author
+*   Signature patches for old FIRMs by SciresM
+*   firmlaunches patching code originally by delebile
+*   FIRM partition writes patches by delebile
+*   Idea for svcBreak patches from yellows8 and others on #3dsdev
+*   TWL_FIRM patches by Steveice10 and others
+*/
+
+#include "patches.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "exceptions.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "arm9_exception_handlers.h"
+#include "large_patches.h"
+
+#define K11EXT_VA         0x70000000
+
+u8 *getProcess9Info(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 *process9Size, u32 *process9MemAddr)
+{
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, "NCCH", size, 4);
+
+    if(temp == NULL) error("Failed to get Process9 data.");
+
+    Cxi *off = (Cxi *)(temp - 0x100);
+
+    *process9Size = (off->ncch.exeFsSize - 1) * 0x200;
+    *process9MemAddr = off->exHeader.systemControlInfo.textCodeSet.address;
+
+    return (u8 *)off + (off->ncch.exeFsOffset + 1) * 0x200;
+}
+
+u32 *getKernel11Info(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 *baseK11VA, u8 **freeK11Space, u32 **arm11SvcHandler, u32 **arm11ExceptionsPage)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0xB0, 0x9C, 0xE5};
+    *arm11ExceptionsPage = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(*arm11ExceptionsPage == NULL) error("Failed to get Kernel11 data.");
+
+    u32 *arm11SvcTable;
+
+    *arm11ExceptionsPage -= 0xB;
+    u32 svcOffset = (-(((*arm11ExceptionsPage)[2] & 0xFFFFFF) << 2) & (0xFFFFFF << 2)) - 8; //Branch offset + 8 for prefetch
+    u32 pointedInstructionVA = 0xFFFF0008 - svcOffset;
+    *baseK11VA = pointedInstructionVA & 0xFFFF0000; //This assumes that the pointed instruction has an offset < 0x10000, iirc that's always the case
+    arm11SvcTable = *arm11SvcHandler = (u32 *)(pos + *(u32 *)(pos + pointedInstructionVA - *baseK11VA + 8) - *baseK11VA); //SVC handler address
+    while(*arm11SvcTable) arm11SvcTable++; //Look for SVC0 (NULL)
+
+    u32 *freeSpace;
+    for(freeSpace = *arm11ExceptionsPage; freeSpace < *arm11ExceptionsPage + 0x400 && *freeSpace != 0xFFFFFFFF; freeSpace++);
+    *freeK11Space = (u8 *) freeSpace;
+
+    return arm11SvcTable;
+}
+
+// For Arm prologs in the form of: push {regs} ... sub sp, #off (this obviously doesn't intend to cover all cases)
+static inline u32 computeArmFrameSize(const u32 *prolog)
+{
+    const u32 *off;
+
+    for(off = prolog; (*off >> 16) != 0xE92D; off++); // look for stmfd sp! = push
+    u32 nbPushedRegs = 0;
+    for(u32 val = *off & 0xFFFF; val != 0; val >>= 1) // 1 bit = 1 pushed register
+        nbPushedRegs += val & 1;
+    for(; (*off >> 8) != 0xE24DD0; off++); // look for sub sp, #offset
+    u32 localVariablesSpaceSize = *off & 0xFF;
+
+    return 4 * nbPushedRegs + localVariablesSpaceSize;
+}
+
+static inline u32 *getKernel11HandlerVAPos(u8 *pos, u32 *arm11ExceptionsPage, u32 baseK11VA, u32 id)
+{
+    u32 off = ((-((arm11ExceptionsPage[id] & 0xFFFFFF) << 2)) & (0xFFFFFF << 2)) - 8;
+    u32 pointedInstructionVA = 0xFFFF0000 + 4 * id - off;
+    return (u32 *)(pos + pointedInstructionVA - baseK11VA + 8);
+}
+
+u32 installK11Extension(u8 *pos, u32 size, bool needToInitSd, u32 baseK11VA, u32 *arm11ExceptionsPage, u8 **freeK11Space)
+{
+    //The parameters to be passed on to the kernel ext
+    //Please keep that in sync with the definition in k11_extension/source/main.c
+    struct KExtParameters
+    {
+        u32 basePA;
+        u32 stolenSystemMemRegionSize;
+        void *originalHandlers[4];
+        u32 L1MMUTableAddrs[4];
+
+        volatile bool done;
+
+        struct CfwInfo
+        {
+            char magic[4];
+
+            u8 versionMajor;
+            u8 versionMinor;
+            u8 versionBuild;
+            u8 flags;
+
+            u32 commitHash;
+
+            u16 configFormatVersionMajor, configFormatVersionMinor;
+            u32 config, multiConfig, bootConfig;
+            u64 hbldr3dsxTitleId;
+            u32 rosalinaMenuCombo;
+            u32 rosalinaFlags;
+        } info;
+    };
+
+    static const u8 patternHook1[] = {0x02, 0xC2, 0xA0, 0xE3, 0xFF}; //MMU setup hook
+    static const u8 patternHook2[] = {0x08, 0x00, 0xA4, 0xE5, 0x02, 0x10, 0x80, 0xE0, 0x08, 0x10, 0x84, 0xE5}; //FCRAM layout setup hook
+    static const u8 patternHook3_4[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE1, 0x03, 0xF0, 0x20, 0xE3, 0xFD, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xEA}; //SGI0 setup code, etc.
+
+    //Our kernel11 extension is initially loaded in VRAM
+    u32 kextTotalSize = *(u32 *)0x18000020 - K11EXT_VA;
+    u32 stolenSystemMemRegionSize = kextTotalSize; // no need to steal any more mem on N3DS. Currently, everything fits in BASE on O3DS too (?)
+    u32 dstKextPA = (ISN3DS ? 0x2E000000 : 0x26C00000) - stolenSystemMemRegionSize; // start of BASE memregion (note: linear heap ---> <--- the rest)
+
+    u32 *hookVeneers = (u32 *)*freeK11Space;
+    u32 relocBase = 0xFFFF0000 + (*freeK11Space - (u8 *)arm11ExceptionsPage);
+
+    hookVeneers[0] = 0xE51FF004; //ldr pc, [pc, #-8+4]
+    hookVeneers[1] = 0x18000004;
+    hookVeneers[2] = 0xE51FF004;
+    hookVeneers[3] = K11EXT_VA;
+    hookVeneers[4] = 0xE51FF004;
+    hookVeneers[5] = K11EXT_VA + 8;
+    hookVeneers[6] = 0xE51FF004;
+    hookVeneers[7] = K11EXT_VA + 0xC;
+
+    (*freeK11Space) += 32;
+
+    //MMU setup hook
+    u32 *off = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, patternHook1, size, sizeof(patternHook1));
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+    *off = MAKE_BRANCH_LINK(off, hookVeneers);
+
+    //Most important hook: FCRAM layout setup hook
+    off = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, patternHook2, size, sizeof(patternHook2));
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+    off += 2;
+    *off = MAKE_BRANCH_LINK(baseK11VA + ((u8 *)off - pos), relocBase + 8);
+
+    //Bind SGI0 hook
+    //Look for cpsie i and place our hook in the nop 2 instructions before
+    off = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, patternHook3_4, size, 12);
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+    for(; *off != 0xF1080080; off--);
+    off -= 2;
+    *off = MAKE_BRANCH_LINK(baseK11VA + ((u8 *)off - pos), relocBase + 16);
+
+    //Config hook (after the configuration memory fields have been filled)
+    for(; *off != 0xE1A00000; off++);
+    off += 4;
+    *off = MAKE_BRANCH_LINK(baseK11VA + ((u8 *)off - pos), relocBase + 24);
+
+    struct KExtParameters *p = (struct KExtParameters *)(*(u32 *)0x18000024 - K11EXT_VA + 0x18000000);
+    p->basePA = dstKextPA;
+    p->done = false;
+    p->stolenSystemMemRegionSize = stolenSystemMemRegionSize;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+    {
+        u32 *handlerPos = getKernel11HandlerVAPos(pos, arm11ExceptionsPage, baseK11VA, 1 + i);
+        p->originalHandlers[i] = (void *)*handlerPos;
+        *handlerPos = K11EXT_VA + 0x10 + 4 * i;
+    }
+
+    struct CfwInfo *info = &p->info;
+    memcpy(&info->magic, "LUMA", 4);
+    info->commitHash = COMMIT_HASH;
+    info->configFormatVersionMajor = configData.formatVersionMajor;
+    info->configFormatVersionMinor = configData.formatVersionMinor;
+    info->config = configData.config;
+    info->multiConfig = configData.multiConfig;
+    info->bootConfig = configData.bootConfig;
+    info->hbldr3dsxTitleId = configData.hbldr3dsxTitleId;
+    info->rosalinaMenuCombo = configData.rosalinaMenuCombo;
+    info->rosalinaFlags = configData.rosalinaFlags;
+    info->versionMajor = VERSION_MAJOR;
+    info->versionMinor = VERSION_MINOR;
+    info->versionBuild = VERSION_BUILD;
+
+    if(ISRELEASE) info->flags = 1;
+    if(ISN3DS) info->flags |= 1 << 4;
+    if(needToInitSd) info->flags |= 1 << 5;
+    if(isSdMode) info->flags |= 1 << 6;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchKernel11(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 baseK11VA, u32 *arm11SvcTable, u32 *arm11ExceptionsPage)
+{
+    static const u8 patternKPanic[] = {0x02, 0x0B, 0x44, 0xE2};
+    static const u8 patternKThreadDebugReschedule[] = {0x34, 0x20, 0xD4, 0xE5, 0x00, 0x00, 0x55, 0xE3, 0x80, 0x00, 0xA0, 0x13};
+
+    //Assumption: ControlMemory, DebugActiveProcess and KernelSetState are in the first 0x20000 bytes
+    //Patch ControlMemory
+    u8 *instrPos = pos + (arm11SvcTable[1] + 20 - baseK11VA);
+    s32 displ = (*(u32 *)instrPos & 0xFFFFFF) << 2;
+    displ = (displ << 6) >> 6; // sign extend
+
+    u8 *ControlMemoryPos = instrPos + 8 + displ;
+    u32 *off;
+
+    // Patch ControlMemory bounds checks for mem mapping
+    for (off = (u32 *)ControlMemoryPos; *off != 0xE0E01BF5; ++off);
+    *off = 0;
+
+    /*
+        Here we replace currentProcess->processID == 1 by additionnalParameter == 1.
+        This patch should be generic enough to work even on firmware version 5.0.
+
+        It effectively changes the prototype of the ControlMemory function which
+        only caller is the svc 0x01 handler on OFW.
+    */
+    for(off = (u32 *)ControlMemoryPos; (off[0] & 0xFFF0FFFF) != 0xE3500001 || (off[1] & 0xFFFF0FFF) != 0x13A00000; off++);
+    off -= 2;
+    *off = 0xE59D0000 | (*off & 0x0000F000) | (8 + computeArmFrameSize((u32 *)ControlMemoryPos)); // ldr r0, [sp, #(frameSize + 8)]
+
+    //Patch DebugActiveProcess
+    for(off = (u32 *)(pos + (arm11SvcTable[0x60] - baseK11VA)); *off != 0xE3110001; off++);
+    *off = 0xE3B01001; // tst r1, #1 -> movs r1, #1
+
+    for(off = (u32 *)(pos + (arm11SvcTable[0x7C] - baseK11VA)); off[0] != 0xE5D00001 || off[1] != 0xE3500000; off++);
+    off[2] = 0xE1A00000; // in case 6: beq -> nop
+
+    //Patch kernelpanic
+    off = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, patternKPanic, size, sizeof(patternKPanic));
+    if(off == NULL)
+        return 1;
+
+    off[-6] = 0xE12FFF7E;
+
+    //Redirect enableUserExceptionHandlersForCPUExc (= true)
+    for(off = arm11ExceptionsPage; *off != 0x96007F9; off++);
+    off[1] = K11EXT_VA + 0x28;
+
+    off = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, patternKThreadDebugReschedule, size, sizeof(patternKThreadDebugReschedule));
+    if(off == NULL)
+        return 1;
+
+    off[-5] = 0xE51FF004;
+    off[-4] = K11EXT_VA + 0x2C;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchSignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    //Look for signature checks
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0xC0, 0x1C, 0x76, 0xE7},
+                    pattern2[] = {0xB5, 0x22, 0x4D, 0x0C};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern2, size, sizeof(pattern2));
+
+    if(off == NULL || temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u16 *off2 = (u16 *)(temp - 1);
+    *off = off2[0] = 0x2000;
+    off2[1] = 0x4770;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchOldSignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    // Look for signature checks
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0xC0, 0x1C, 0xBD, 0xE7},
+                    pattern2[] = {0xB5, 0x23, 0x4E, 0x0C};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern2, size, sizeof(pattern2));
+
+    if(off == NULL || temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u16 *off2 = (u16 *)(temp - 1);
+    *off = off2[0] = 0x2000;
+    off2[1] = 0x4770;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchFirmlaunches(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 process9MemAddr)
+{
+    //Look for firmlaunch code
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0xE2, 0x20, 0x20, 0x90};
+
+    u32 pathLen;
+    for(pathLen = 0; pathLen < sizeof(launchedPath)/2 && launchedPath[pathLen] != 0; pathLen++);
+
+    if(launchedPath[pathLen] != 0) return 1;
+
+    u8 *off = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off -= 0x13;
+
+    //Firmlaunch function offset - offset in BLX opcode (A4-16 - Arm DDI 0100E) + 1
+    u32 fOpenOffset = (u32)(off + 9 - (-((*(u32 *)off & 0x00FFFFFF) << 2) & (0xFFFFFF << 2)) - pos + process9MemAddr);
+
+    //Put the fOpen offset in the right location
+    rebootPatchFopenPtr = fOpenOffset;
+
+    //Copy the launched path
+    memcpy(rebootPatchFileName, launchedPath, 2 * (1 + pathLen));
+
+    //Copy firmlaunch code
+    memcpy(off, rebootPatch, rebootPatchSize);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchFirmWrites(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    //Look for FIRM writing code
+    u8 *off = memsearch(pos, "exe:", size, 4);
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0x28, 0x01, 0xDA};
+
+    u16 *off2 = (u16 *)memsearch(off - 0x100, pattern, 0x100, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off2 == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off2[0] = 0x2000;
+    off2[1] = 0x46C0;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchOldFirmWrites(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    //Look for FIRM writing code
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x04, 0x1E, 0x1D, 0xDB};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[0] = 0x2400;
+    off[1] = 0xE01D;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchTitleInstallMinVersionChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 firmVersion)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02};
+
+    u8 *off = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return firmVersion == 0xFFFFFFFF ? 0 : 1;
+
+    off++;
+
+    //Zero out the first TitleID in the list
+    memset(off, 0, 8);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchZeroKeyNcchEncryptionCheck(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x28, 0x2A, 0xD0, 0x08};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)(temp - 1);
+    *off = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchNandNcchEncryptionCheck(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x07, 0xD1, 0x28, 0x7A};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off--;
+    *off = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchCheckForDevCommonKey(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x03, 0x7C, 0x28, 0x00};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    *off = 0x2301; //mov r3, #1
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchK11ModuleLoading(u32 section0size, u32 modulesSize, u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 moduleLoadingPattern[]  = {0xE2, 0x05, 0x00, 0x57},
+                    modulePidPattern[] = {0x06, 0xA0, 0xE1, 0xF2}; //GetSystemInfo
+
+    u8 *off = memsearch(pos, moduleLoadingPattern, size, 4);
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[1]++;
+
+    u32 *off32;
+    for(off32 = (u32 *)(off - 3); *off32 != 0xE59F0000; off32++);
+    off32 += 2;
+    off32[1] = off32[0] + modulesSize;
+    for(; *off32 != section0size; off32++);
+    *off32 = ((modulesSize + 0x1FF) >> 9) << 9;
+
+    off = memsearch(pos, modulePidPattern, size, 4);
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[0xB] = 6;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchArm9ExceptionHandlersInstall(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x80, 0xE5, 0x40, 0x1C};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u32 *off;
+
+    for(off = (u32 *)(temp - 2); *off != 0xE5801000; off--); //Until str r1, [r0]
+
+    for(u32 r0 = 0x08000000; *off != 0xE3A01040; off++) //Until mov r1, #0x40
+    {
+        //Discard everything that's not str rX, [r0, #imm](!)
+        if((*off & 0xFE5F0000) != 0xE4000000) continue;
+
+        u32 rD = (*off >> 12) & 0xF,
+            offset = (*off & 0xFFF) * ((((*off >> 23) & 1) == 0) ? -1 : 1);
+        bool writeback = ((*off >> 21) & 1) != 0,
+             pre = ((*off >> 24) & 1) != 0;
+
+        u32 addr = r0 + ((pre || !writeback) ? offset : 0);
+        if((addr & 7) != 0 && addr != 0x08000014 && addr != 0x08000004) *off = 0xE1A00000; //nop
+        else *off = 0xE5800000 | (rD << 12) | (addr & 0xFFF); //Preserve IRQ and SVC handlers
+
+        if(!pre) addr += offset;
+        if(writeback) r0 = addr;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchSvcBreak9(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 kernel9Address)
+{
+    //Stub svcBreak with "bkpt 65535" so we can debug the panic
+
+    //Look for the svc handler
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0xE0, 0x4F, 0xE1}; //mrs lr, spsr
+
+    u32 *arm9SvcTable = (u32 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(arm9SvcTable == NULL) return 1;
+
+    while(*arm9SvcTable != 0) arm9SvcTable++; //Look for SVC0 (NULL)
+
+    u32 *addr = (u32 *)(pos + arm9SvcTable[0x3C] - kernel9Address);
+
+    /*
+        mov r8, sp
+        bkpt 0xffff
+    */
+    addr[0] = 0xE1A0800D;
+    addr[1] = 0xE12FFF7F;
+
+    arm9ExceptionHandlerSvcBreakAddress = arm9SvcTable[0x3C]; //BreakPtr
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchKernel9Panic(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0x20, 0x92, 0x15};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u32 *off = (u32 *)(temp - 0x34);
+    *off = 0xE12FFF7E;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchP9AccessChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0x08, 0x49, 0x68};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)(temp - 3);
+    off[0] = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+    off[1] = 0x4770; //bx lr
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchUnitInfoValueSet(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    //Look for UNITINFO value being set during kernel sync
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x01, 0x10, 0xA0, 0x13};
+
+    u8 *off = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[0] = ISDEVUNIT ? 0 : 1;
+    off[3] = 0xE3;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchP9AMTicketWrapperZeroKeyIV(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 firmVersion)
+{
+    static const u8 __rt_memclr_pattern[] = {0x00, 0x20, 0xA0, 0xE3, 0x04, 0x00, 0x51, 0xE3, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3A};
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x20, 0x21, 0xA6, 0xA8};
+
+    u32 function = (u32)memsearch(pos, __rt_memclr_pattern, size, sizeof(__rt_memclr_pattern));
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(function == 0 || off == NULL) return firmVersion == 0xFFFFFFFF ? 0 : 1;
+
+    //After the found code it's a BL call (at &off[2]), that will be replaced
+    //From Thumb, op distance for setting in BLX can be got with,
+    //(Destination_offset - blx_op_offset+2) / 2
+    s32 opjumpdistance = (s32)(function - ((u32)&off[3])) / 2;
+
+    //Beyond limit
+    if(opjumpdistance < -0x1fffff || opjumpdistance > 0x1fffff) return 1;
+
+    //r0 and r1 for old call are already correct for this one 
+    //BLX __rt_memclr
+    u32 op = (0xE800F000U | (((u32)opjumpdistance & 0x7FF) << 16) | (((u32)opjumpdistance >> 11) & 0x3FF) | (((u32)opjumpdistance >> 21) & 0x400)) & ~(1<<16);
+
+    off[2] = op;
+    off[3] = op >> 16;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchLgySignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x47, 0xC1, 0x17, 0x49};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)(temp + 1);
+    off[0] = 0x2000;
+    off[1] = 0xB04E;
+    off[2] = 0xBD70;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchTwlInvalidSignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x20, 0xF6, 0xE7, 0x7F};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL) return 1;
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)(temp - 1);
+    *off = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchTwlNintendoLogoChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0xC0, 0x30, 0x06, 0xF0};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[1] = 0x2000;
+    off[2] = 0;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchTwlWhitelistChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x22, 0x00, 0x20, 0x30};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[2] = 0x2000;
+    off[3] = 0;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchTwlFlashcartChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 firmVersion)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x25, 0x20, 0x00, 0x0E};
+
+    u8 *temp = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(temp == NULL)
+    {
+        if(firmVersion == 0xFFFFFFFF) return patchOldTwlFlashcartChecks(pos, size);
+
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)(temp + 3);
+    off[0] = off[6] = off[0xC] = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+    off[1] = off[7] = off[0xD] = 0; //nop
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchOldTwlFlashcartChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x06, 0xF0, 0xA0, 0xFD};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[0] = off[6] = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+    off[1] = off[7] = 0; //nop
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchTwlShaHashChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x10, 0xB5, 0x14, 0x22};
+
+    u16 *off = (u16 *)memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[0] = 0x2001; //mov r0, #1
+    off[1] = 0x4770;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+u32 patchAgbBootSplash(u8 *pos, u32 size)
+{
+    static const u8 pattern[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0xEF};
+
+    u8 *off = memsearch(pos, pattern, size, sizeof(pattern));
+
+    if(off == NULL) return 1;
+
+    off[2] = 0x26;
+
+    return 0;
+}

arm9/source/patches.h

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Signature patches by an unknown author
+*   Signature patches for old FIRMs by SciresM
+*   firmlaunches patching code originally by delebile
+*   FIRM partition writes patches by delebile
+*   Idea for svcBreak patches from yellows8 and others on #3dsdev
+*   TWL_FIRM patches by Steveice10 and others
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+u8 *getProcess9Info(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 *process9Size, u32 *process9MemAddr);
+u32 *getKernel11Info(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 *baseK11VA, u8 **freeK11Space, u32 **arm11SvcHandler, u32 **arm11ExceptionsPage);
+u32 installK11Extension(u8 *pos, u32 size, bool needToInitSd, u32 baseK11VA, u32 *arm11ExceptionsPage, u8 **freeK11Space);
+u32 patchKernel11(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 baseK11VA, u32 *arm11SvcTable, u32 *arm11ExceptionsPage);
+u32 patchSignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchOldSignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchFirmlaunches(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 process9MemAddr);
+u32 patchFirmWrites(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchOldFirmWrites(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchTitleInstallMinVersionChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 firmVersion);
+u32 patchZeroKeyNcchEncryptionCheck(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchNandNcchEncryptionCheck(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchCheckForDevCommonKey(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchK11ModuleLoading(u32 section0size, u32 modulesSize, u8 *startPos, u32 size);
+u32 patchArm9ExceptionHandlersInstall(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchSvcBreak9(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 kernel9Address);
+u32 patchKernel9Panic(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchP9AccessChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchUnitInfoValueSet(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchP9AMTicketWrapperZeroKeyIV(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 firmVersion);
+u32 patchLgySignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchTwlInvalidSignatureChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchTwlNintendoLogoChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchTwlWhitelistChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchTwlFlashcartChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size, u32 firmVersion);
+u32 patchOldTwlFlashcartChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchTwlShaHashChecks(u8 *pos, u32 size);
+u32 patchAgbBootSplash(u8 *pos, u32 size);

arm9/source/pin.c

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Code originally by reworks
+*/
+
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "buttons.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+#include "pin.h"
+#include "crypto.h"
+
+static char pinKeyToLetter(u32 pressed)
+{
+    static const char *keys = "AB--RLUD--XY";
+
+    u32 i;
+    for(i = 31; pressed > 1; i--) pressed /= 2;
+
+    return keys[31 - i];
+}
+
+void newPin(bool allowSkipping, u32 pinMode)
+{
+    clearScreens(false);
+
+    u8 length = 4 + 2 * (pinMode - 1);
+
+    drawString(true, 10, 10, COLOR_TITLE, "Enter a new PIN using ABXY and the DPad");
+    drawString(true, 10, 10 + SPACING_Y, COLOR_TITLE, allowSkipping ? "Press START to skip, SELECT to reset" : "Press SELECT to reset");
+
+    drawFormattedString(true, 10, 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "PIN (%u digits): ", length);
+
+    //Pad to AES block length with zeroes
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 enteredPassword[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+
+    bool reset = false;
+    u8 cnt = 0;
+
+    while(cnt < length)
+    {
+        if(reset)
+        {
+            for(u32 i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
+                drawCharacter(true, 10 + (16 + 2 * i) * SPACING_X, 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_BLACK, (char)enteredPassword[i]);
+
+            cnt = 0;
+            reset = false;
+        }
+
+        u32 pressed;
+        do
+        {
+            pressed = waitInput(false);
+        }
+        while(!(pressed & PIN_BUTTONS));
+
+        pressed &= PIN_BUTTONS;
+        if(!allowSkipping) pressed &= ~BUTTON_START;
+
+        if(pressed & BUTTON_START) return;
+
+        if(pressed & BUTTON_SELECT)
+        {
+            reset = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if(!pressed) continue;
+
+        //Add character to password
+        enteredPassword[cnt] = (u8)pinKeyToLetter(pressed);
+
+        //Visualize character on screen
+        drawCharacter(true, 10 + (16 + 2 * cnt) * SPACING_X, 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, enteredPassword[cnt]);
+
+        cnt++;
+    }
+
+    PinData pin;
+
+    memcpy(pin.magic, "PINF", 4);
+    pin.formatVersionMajor = PIN_VERSIONMAJOR;
+    pin.formatVersionMinor = PIN_VERSIONMINOR;
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 tmp[SHA_256_HASH_SIZE],
+                                   lengthBlock[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+    lengthBlock[0] = length;
+
+    computePinHash(tmp, lengthBlock);
+    memcpy(pin.lengthHash, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+
+    computePinHash(tmp, enteredPassword);
+    memcpy(pin.hash, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+
+    if(!fileWrite(&pin, PIN_FILE, sizeof(PinData)))
+        error("Error writing the PIN file");
+}
+
+bool verifyPin(u32 pinMode)
+{
+    PinData pin;
+
+    if(fileRead(&pin, PIN_FILE, sizeof(PinData)) != sizeof(PinData) ||
+       memcmp(pin.magic, "PINF", 4) != 0 ||
+       pin.formatVersionMajor != PIN_VERSIONMAJOR ||
+       pin.formatVersionMinor != PIN_VERSIONMINOR)
+        return false;
+
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 tmp[SHA_256_HASH_SIZE],
+                                   lengthBlock[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+    lengthBlock[0] = 4 + 2 * (pinMode - 1);
+
+    computePinHash(tmp, lengthBlock);
+
+    //Test vector verification (check if SD card has been used on another console or PIN length changed)
+    if(memcmp(pin.lengthHash, tmp, sizeof(tmp)) != 0) return false;
+
+    initScreens();
+
+    swapFramebuffers(true);
+
+    drawString(true, 10, 10, COLOR_TITLE, "Enter the PIN using ABXY and the DPad to proceed");
+    drawString(true, 10, 10 + SPACING_Y, COLOR_TITLE, "Press START to shutdown, SELECT to clear");
+
+    drawFormattedString(true, 10, 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "PIN (%u digits): ", lengthBlock[0]);
+
+    bool isBottomSplashValid = getFileSize("splashpin.bin") == SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE;
+    if(isBottomSplashValid)
+    {
+        isBottomSplashValid = fileRead(fbs[0].bottom, "splashpin.bin", SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE) == SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        static const char *messageFile = "pinmessage.txt";
+        char message[801];
+
+        u32 messageSize = fileRead(message, messageFile, sizeof(message) - 1);
+
+        if(messageSize != 0)
+        {
+            message[messageSize] = 0;
+            drawString(false, 10, 10, COLOR_WHITE, message);
+        }
+    }
+    swapFramebuffers(false);
+
+    //Pad to AES block length with zeroes
+    __attribute__((aligned(4))) u8 enteredPassword[AES_BLOCK_SIZE] = {0};
+
+    bool unlock = false,
+         reset = false;
+    u8 cnt = 0;
+
+    while(!unlock)
+    {
+        if(reset)
+        {
+            for(u32 i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
+                drawCharacter(true, 10 + (16 + 2 * i) * SPACING_X, 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_BLACK, '*');
+
+            cnt = 0;
+            reset = false;
+        }
+
+        u32 pressed;
+        do
+        {
+            pressed = waitInput(false);
+        }
+        while(!(pressed & PIN_BUTTONS));
+
+        if(pressed & BUTTON_START) mcuPowerOff();
+
+        pressed &= PIN_BUTTONS;
+
+        if(pressed & BUTTON_SELECT)
+        {
+            reset = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if(!pressed) continue;
+
+        //Add character to password
+        enteredPassword[cnt] = (u8)pinKeyToLetter(pressed);
+
+        //Visualize character on screen
+        drawCharacter(true, 10 + (16 + 2 * cnt) * SPACING_X, 10 + 3 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, '*');
+
+        if(++cnt < lengthBlock[0]) continue;
+
+        computePinHash(tmp, enteredPassword);
+        unlock = memcmp(pin.hash, tmp, sizeof(tmp)) == 0;
+
+        if(!unlock)
+        {
+            reset = true;
+
+            drawString(true, 10, 10 + 5 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_RED, "Wrong PIN, try again");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}

arm9/source/pin.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,34 +15,26 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
 /*
-*   pin.h
-*
-*   Code to manage pin locking for 3ds. By reworks.
+*   Code originally by reworks
 */
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "types.h"
 
-#define PIN_PATH         "/luma/pin.bin"
+#define PIN_FILE         "pin.bin"
 #define PIN_VERSIONMAJOR 1
-#define PIN_VERSIONMINOR 2
+#define PIN_VERSIONMINOR 3
 
-typedef struct __attribute__((packed))
-{
-    char magic[4];
-    u16 formatVersionMajor, formatVersionMinor;
-
-    u8 length;
-    u8 testHash[32];
-    u8 hash[32];
-} PINData;
-
-void newPin(bool allowSkipping);
-bool verifyPin(void);
+void newPin(bool allowSkipping, u32 pinMode);
+bool verifyPin(u32 pinMode);

arm9/source/screen.c

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Screen init code by dark_samus, bil1s, Normmatt, delebile and others
+*   Screen deinit code by tiniVi
+*/
+
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "i2c.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+bool needToSetupScreens = true;
+
+struct fb fbs[2] =
+{
+    {
+        .top_left  = (u8 *)0x18300000,
+        .top_right = (u8 *)0x18300000,
+        .bottom    = (u8 *)0x18346500,
+    },
+    {
+        .top_left  = (u8 *)0x18400000,
+        .top_right = (u8 *)0x18400000,
+        .bottom    = (u8 *)0x18446500,
+    },
+};
+
+static const u32 brightness[4] = {0x5F, 0x4C, 0x39, 0x26};
+
+static volatile Arm11Operation *operation = (volatile Arm11Operation *)0x1FF80004;
+
+static void invokeArm11Function(Arm11Operation op)
+{
+    while(*operation != ARM11_READY);
+    *operation = op;
+    while(*operation != ARM11_READY);
+}
+
+void prepareArm11ForFirmlaunch(void)
+{
+    invokeArm11Function(PREPARE_ARM11_FOR_FIRMLAUNCH);
+}
+
+void deinitScreens(void)
+{
+    if(ARESCREENSINITIALIZED) invokeArm11Function(DEINIT_SCREENS);
+}
+
+void updateBrightness(u32 brightnessIndex)
+{
+    *(vu32 *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS = brightness[brightnessIndex];
+    invokeArm11Function(UPDATE_BRIGHTNESS);
+}
+
+void swapFramebuffers(bool isAlternate)
+{
+    *(volatile bool *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS = isAlternate;
+    invokeArm11Function(SWAP_FRAMEBUFFERS);
+}
+
+void clearScreens(bool isAlternate)
+{
+    struct fb *fbTemp = isAlternate ? &fbs[1] : &fbs[0];
+
+    *(volatile struct fb *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS = *fbTemp;
+    invokeArm11Function(CLEAR_SCREENS);
+}
+
+void initScreens(void)
+{
+    if(needToSetupScreens)
+    {
+        if(!ARESCREENSINITIALIZED || bootType == FIRMLAUNCH)
+        {
+            *(vu32 *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS = brightness[MULTICONFIG(BRIGHTNESS)];
+            memcpy((void *)(ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS + 4), fbs, sizeof(fbs));
+            invokeArm11Function(INIT_SCREENS);
+
+            //Turn on backlight
+            I2C_writeReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x22, 0x2A);
+            wait(5);
+        }
+        else updateBrightness(MULTICONFIG(BRIGHTNESS));
+
+        memcpy((void *)ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS, fbs, sizeof(fbs));
+        invokeArm11Function(SETUP_FRAMEBUFFERS);
+
+        clearScreens(true);
+        needToSetupScreens = false;
+    }
+
+    clearScreens(false);
+    swapFramebuffers(false);
+}

arm9/source/screen.h

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   Screen init code by dark_samus, bil1s, Normmatt, delebile and others
+*   Screen deinit code by tiniVi
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+#define PDN_GPU_CNT (*(vu32 *)0x10141200)
+
+#define ARESCREENSINITIALIZED ((PDN_GPU_CNT & 0xFF) != 1)
+
+#define ARM11_PARAMETERS_ADDRESS 0x1FFFF000
+
+#define SCREEN_TOP_WIDTH     400
+#define SCREEN_BOTTOM_WIDTH  320
+#define SCREEN_HEIGHT        240
+#define SCREEN_TOP_FBSIZE    (3 * SCREEN_TOP_WIDTH * SCREEN_HEIGHT)
+#define SCREEN_BOTTOM_FBSIZE (3 * SCREEN_BOTTOM_WIDTH * SCREEN_HEIGHT)
+
+struct fb {
+     u8 *top_left;
+     u8 *top_right;
+     u8 *bottom;
+};
+
+typedef enum
+{
+    INIT_SCREENS = 0,
+    SETUP_FRAMEBUFFERS,
+    CLEAR_SCREENS,
+    SWAP_FRAMEBUFFERS,
+    UPDATE_BRIGHTNESS,
+    DEINIT_SCREENS,
+    PREPARE_ARM11_FOR_FIRMLAUNCH,
+    ARM11_READY,
+} Arm11Operation;
+
+extern struct fb fbs[2];
+
+extern bool needToSetupScreens;
+
+void prepareArm11ForFirmlaunch(void);
+void deinitScreens(void);
+void swapFramebuffers(bool isAlternate);
+void updateBrightness(u32 brightnessIndex);
+void clearScreens(bool isAlternate);
+void initScreens(void);

arm9/source/start.s

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+@   This file is part of Luma3DS
+@   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+@
+@   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+@   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+@   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+@   (at your option) any later version.
+@
+@   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+@   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+@   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+@   GNU General Public License for more details.
+@
+@   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+@   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+@
+@   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+@       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+@         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+@         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+@       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+@         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+@         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+
+.section .text.start, "ax", %progbits
+.align 4
+.global _start
+_start:
+    @ Disable interrupts and switch to supervisor mode (also clear flags)
+    msr cpsr_cxsf, #0xD3
+
+    @ Check if r0-r2 are 0 (r0-sp are supposed to be 0), and for regions 0, 5 and 7 of the MPU config
+    @ This is not foolproof but should work well enough
+    cmp r0, #0
+    cmpeq r1, #0
+    cmpeq r2, #0
+    ldreq r4, =0x20000035
+    mrceq p15, 0, r5, c6, c0, 0
+    cmpeq r4, r5
+    mrceq p15, 0, r5, c6, c5, 0
+    ldreq r4, =0x07FF801D
+    cmpeq r4, r5
+    mrceq p15, 0, r5, c6, c7, 0
+    ldreq r4, =0x1FFFE019
+    cmpeq r4, r5
+    ldreq r2, =0xB002
+
+    mov r9, r0
+    mov r10, r1
+    mov r11, r2
+
+    @ Change the stack pointer
+    mov sp, #0x08100000
+
+    @ Disable caches / MPU
+    mrc p15, 0, r4, c1, c0, 0  @ read control register
+    bic r4, #(1<<16)           @ - DTCM disable
+    bic r4, #(1<<12)           @ - instruction cache disable
+    bic r4, #(1<<2)            @ - data cache disable
+    bic r4, #(1<<0)            @ - MPU disable
+    mcr p15, 0, r4, c1, c0, 0  @ write control register
+
+    @ Invalidate both caches, discarding any data they may contain,
+    @ then drain the write buffer
+    mov r4, #0
+    mcr p15, 0, r4, c7, c5, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r4, c7, c6, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r4, c7, c10, 4
+
+    @ Give read/write access to all the memory regions
+    ldr r0, =0x33333333
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c5, c0, 2 @ write data access
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c5, c0, 3 @ write instruction access
+
+    @ Set MPU permissions and cache settings
+    ldr r0, =0xFFFF001D @ ffff0000 32k  | bootrom (unprotected part)
+    ldr r1, =0xFFF0001B @ fff00000 16k  | dtcm
+    ldr r2, =0x01FF801D @ 01ff8000 32k  | itcm
+    ldr r3, =0x08000027 @ 08000000 1M   | arm9 mem
+    ldr r4, =0x10000029 @ 10000000 2M   | io mem (Arm9 / first 2MB)
+    ldr r5, =0x20000035 @ 20000000 128M | fcram
+    ldr r6, =0x1FF00027 @ 1FF00000 1M   | dsp / axi wram
+    ldr r7, =0x1800002D @ 18000000 8M   | vram (+ 2MB)
+    mov r8, #0x29
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c6, c0, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r1, c6, c1, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r2, c6, c2, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r3, c6, c3, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r4, c6, c4, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r5, c6, c5, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r6, c6, c6, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r7, c6, c7, 0
+    mcr p15, 0, r8, c3, c0, 0   @ Write bufferable 0, 3, 5
+    mcr p15, 0, r8, c2, c0, 0   @ Data cacheable 0, 3, 5
+    mcr p15, 0, r8, c2, c0, 1   @ Inst cacheable 0, 3, 5
+
+    @ Set DTCM address and size to the default values
+    ldr r1, =0xFFF0000A        @ set DTCM address and size
+    mcr p15, 0, r1, c9, c1, 0  @ set the dtcm Region Register
+
+    @ Enable caches / MPU / ITCM
+    mrc p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0  @ read control register
+    orr r0, r0, #(1<<18)       @ - ITCM enable
+    orr r0, r0, #(1<<16)       @ - DTCM enable
+    orr r0, r0, #(1<<13)       @ - alternate exception vectors enable
+    orr r0, r0, #(1<<12)       @ - instruction cache enable
+    orr r0, r0, #(1<<2)        @ - data cache enable
+    orr r0, r0, #(1<<0)        @ - MPU enable
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0  @ write control register
+
+    @ Clear BSS
+    ldr r0, =__bss_start__
+    mov r1, #0
+    ldr r2, =__bss_end__
+    sub r2, r0
+    bl memset
+
+    bl __libc_init_array
+
+    mov r0, r9
+    mov r1, r10
+    mov r2, r11
+    b main
+.pool
+
+.section .chainloader.text.start, "ax", %progbits
+.align 4
+.global chainload
+.type   chainload, %function
+chainload:
+    ldr sp, =__itcm_stack_top__
+    b chainloader_main
+.pool
+
+.global disableMpuAndJumpToEntrypoints
+.type   disableMpuAndJumpToEntrypoints, %function
+disableMpuAndJumpToEntrypoints:
+    mov r4, r0
+    mov r5, r1
+    mov r6, r2
+    mov r7, r3
+
+    @ Flush caches
+    ldr r12, =0xFFFF0830
+    blx r12
+    ldr r12, =0xFFFF0AB4
+    blx r12
+
+    @ Disable caches / MPU
+    mrc p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0  @ read control register
+    bic r0, #(1<<12)           @ - instruction cache disable
+    bic r0, #(1<<2)            @ - data cache disable
+    bic r0, #(1<<0)            @ - MPU disable
+    mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0  @ write control register
+
+    @ Set the Arm11 entrypoint
+    mov r0, #0x20000000
+    str r7, [r0, #-4]
+
+    @ Jump to the Arm9 entrypoint
+    mov r0, r4
+    mov r1, r5
+    ldr r2, =0x3BEEF
+    bx r6
+
+.pool

arm9/source/strings.c

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#include "strings.h"
+
+u32 hexAtoi(const char *in, u32 digits)
+{
+    u32 res = 0;
+    char *tmp = (char *)in;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < digits && *tmp != 0; tmp++, i++)
+        res = (*tmp > '9' ? *tmp - 'A' + 10 : *tmp - '0') + (res << 4);
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+u32 decAtoi(const char *in, u32 digits)
+{
+    u32 res = 0;
+    char *tmp = (char *)in;
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < digits && *tmp != 0; tmp++, i++)
+        res = *tmp - '0' + res * 10;
+
+    return res;
+}

arm9/source/strings.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
 *   This file is part of Luma3DS
-*   Copyright (C) 2016 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
 *
 *   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,23 +15,18 @@
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
-*   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
-*   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
-*   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
 */
 
 #pragma once
 
 #include "types.h"
 
-#define PATTERN(a) a "_*.bin"
-
-extern bool isN3DS;
-
-void mountFs(void);
-u32 fileRead(void *dest, const char *path);
-u32 getFileSize(const char *path);
-bool fileWrite(const void *buffer, const char *path, u32 size);
-void fileDelete(const char *path);
-void loadPayload(u32 pressed);
-u32 firmRead(void *dest, u32 firmType);
+u32 hexAtoi(const char *in, u32 digits);
+u32 decAtoi(const char *in, u32 digits);

arm9/source/types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+//Common data types
+typedef uint8_t u8;
+typedef uint16_t u16;
+typedef uint32_t u32;
+typedef uint64_t u64;
+typedef volatile u8 vu8;
+typedef volatile u16 vu16;
+typedef volatile u32 vu32;
+typedef volatile u64 vu64;
+typedef int8_t s8;
+typedef int16_t s16;
+typedef int32_t s32;
+typedef int64_t s64;
+typedef volatile s8 vs8;
+typedef volatile s16 vs16;
+typedef volatile s32 vs32;
+typedef volatile s64 vs64;
+
+#include "3dsheaders.h"
+
+#define CFG_BOOTENV         (*(vu32 *)0x10010000)
+#define CFG_UNITINFO        (*(vu8  *)0x10010010)
+#define CFG_TWLUNITINFO     (*(vu8  *)0x10010014)
+#define OTP_DEVCONSOLEID    (*(vu64 *)0x10012000)
+#define OTP_TWLCONSOLEID    (*(vu64 *)0x10012100)
+#define CFG11_SOCINFO       (*(vu32 *)0x10140FFC)
+
+#define ISN3DS       (CFG11_SOCINFO & 2)
+#define ISDEVUNIT    (CFG_UNITINFO != 0)
+
+typedef struct __attribute__((packed, aligned(4)))
+{
+    char magic[4];
+    u16 formatVersionMajor, formatVersionMinor;
+
+    u32 config, multiConfig, bootConfig;
+    u64 hbldr3dsxTitleId;
+    u32 rosalinaMenuCombo;
+    u32 rosalinaFlags;
+} CfgData;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    char magic[4];
+    u16 formatVersionMajor, formatVersionMinor;
+
+    u8 lengthHash[32];
+    u8 hash[32];
+} PinData;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    u32 magic[2];
+    u16 versionMinor, versionMajor;
+
+    u16 processor, core;
+    u32 type;
+
+    u32 totalSize;
+    u32 registerDumpSize;
+    u32 codeDumpSize;
+    u32 stackDumpSize;
+    u32 additionalDataSize;
+} ExceptionDumpHeader;
+
+typedef enum FirmwareSource
+{
+    FIRMWARE_SYSNAND = 0,
+    FIRMWARE_EMUNAND,
+    FIRMWARE_EMUNAND2,
+    FIRMWARE_EMUNAND3,
+    FIRMWARE_EMUNAND4
+} FirmwareSource;
+
+typedef enum FirmwareType
+{
+    NATIVE_FIRM = 0,
+    TWL_FIRM,
+    AGB_FIRM,
+    SAFE_FIRM,
+    SYSUPDATER_FIRM,
+    NATIVE_FIRM1X2X
+} FirmwareType;
+
+typedef enum bootType
+{
+    B9S = 0,
+    B9SNTR,
+    FIRM0,
+    FIRM1,
+    FIRMLAUNCH,
+    NTR
+} BootType;
+
+extern bool isSdMode;
+
+extern BootType bootType;
+
+extern u16 launchedFirmTidLow[8];
+extern u16 launchedPath[80+1];

arm9/source/utils.c

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   waitInput function based on code by d0k3 https://github.com/d0k3/Decrypt9WIP/blob/master/source/hid.c
+*/
+
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "i2c.h"
+#include "buttons.h"
+#include "screen.h"
+#include "draw.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "fmt.h"
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "fs.h"
+
+static void startChrono(void)
+{
+    static bool isChronoStarted = false;
+
+    if(isChronoStarted) return;
+
+    REG_TIMER_CNT(0) = 0; //67MHz
+    for(u32 i = 1; i < 4; i++) REG_TIMER_CNT(i) = 4; //Count-up
+
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++) REG_TIMER_VAL(i) = 0;
+
+    REG_TIMER_CNT(0) = 0x80; //67MHz; enabled
+    for(u32 i = 1; i < 4; i++) REG_TIMER_CNT(i) = 0x84; //Count-up; enabled
+
+    isChronoStarted = true;
+}
+
+static u64 chrono(void)
+{
+    u64 res = 0;
+    for(u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++) res |= REG_TIMER_VAL(i) << (16 * i);
+
+    res /= (TICKS_PER_SEC / 1000);
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+u32 waitInput(bool isMenu)
+{
+    static u64 dPadDelay = 0ULL;
+    u64 initialValue = 0ULL;
+    u32 key,
+        oldKey = HID_PAD;
+    bool shouldShellShutdown = bootType != B9SNTR && bootType != NTR;
+
+    if(isMenu)
+    {
+        dPadDelay = dPadDelay > 0ULL ? 87ULL : 143ULL;
+        startChrono();
+        initialValue = chrono();
+    }
+
+    while(true)
+    {
+        key = HID_PAD;
+
+        if(!key)
+        {
+            if(shouldShellShutdown)
+            {
+                u8 shellState = I2C_readReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0xF);
+                wait(5);
+                if(!(shellState & 2)) mcuPowerOff();
+            }
+
+            u8 intStatus = I2C_readReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x10);
+            wait(5);
+            if(intStatus & 1) mcuPowerOff(); //Power button pressed
+
+            oldKey = 0;
+            dPadDelay = 0;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if(key == oldKey && (!isMenu || (!(key & DPAD_BUTTONS) || chrono() - initialValue < dPadDelay))) continue;
+
+        //Make sure the key is pressed
+        u32 i;
+        for(i = 0; i < 0x13000 && key == HID_PAD; i++);
+        if(i == 0x13000) break;
+    }
+
+    return key;
+}
+
+void mcuPowerOff(void)
+{
+    if(!needToSetupScreens) clearScreens(false);
+
+    //Shutdown LCD
+    if(ARESCREENSINITIALIZED) I2C_writeReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x22, 1 << 0);
+
+    //Ensure that all memory transfers have completed and that the data cache has been flushed
+    flushEntireDCache();
+
+    I2C_writeReg(I2C_DEV_MCU, 0x20, 1 << 0);
+    while(true);
+}
+
+void wait(u64 amount)
+{
+    startChrono();
+
+    u64 initialValue = chrono();
+
+    while(chrono() - initialValue < amount);
+}
+
+void error(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    char buf[DRAW_MAX_FORMATTED_STRING_SIZE + 1];
+
+    va_list args;
+    va_start(args, fmt);
+    vsprintf(buf, fmt, args);
+    va_end(args);
+
+    initScreens();
+    drawString(true, 10, 10, COLOR_RED, "An error has occurred:");
+    u32 posY = drawString(true, 10, 30, COLOR_WHITE, buf);
+    drawString(true, 10, posY + 2 * SPACING_Y, COLOR_WHITE, "Press any button to shutdown");
+
+    waitInput(false);
+
+    mcuPowerOff();
+}

arm9/source/utils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+*   This file is part of Luma3DS
+*   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+*
+*   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+*   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+*   (at your option) any later version.
+*
+*   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+*   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+*   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+*   GNU General Public License for more details.
+*
+*   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+*   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*
+*   Additional Terms 7.b and 7.c of GPLv3 apply to this file:
+*       * Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
+*         author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+*         Notices displayed by works containing it.
+*       * Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material,
+*         or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
+*         reasonable ways as different from the original version.
+*/
+
+/*
+*   waitInput function based on code by d0k3 https://github.com/d0k3/Decrypt9WIP/blob/master/source/hid.c
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+#define TICKS_PER_SEC       67027964ULL
+#define REG_TIMER_CNT(i)    *(vu16 *)(0x10003002 + 4 * i)
+#define REG_TIMER_VAL(i)    *(vu16 *)(0x10003000 + 4 * i)
+
+#define MAKE_BRANCH(src,dst)      (0xEA000000 | ((u32)((((u8 *)(dst) - (u8 *)(src)) >> 2) - 2) & 0xFFFFFF))
+#define MAKE_BRANCH_LINK(src,dst) (0xEB000000 | ((u32)((((u8 *)(dst) - (u8 *)(src)) >> 2) - 2) & 0xFFFFFF))
+
+u32 waitInput(bool isMenu);
+void mcuPowerOff(void);
+void wait(u64 amount);
+void error(const char *fmt, ...);

exception_dump_parser/luma3ds_exception_dump_parser/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Requires Python >= 3.2 or >= 2.7
+
+#   This file is part of Luma3DS
+#   Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Aurora Wright, TuxSH
+#
+#   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+#   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+#   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+#   (at your option) any later version.
+#
+#   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+#   GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+#   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+#   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+#   Additional Terms 7.b of GPLv3 applies to this file: Requiring preservation of specified
+#   reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
+#   Notices displayed by works containing it.
+
+__author__    = "TuxSH"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2016-2020 TuxSH"
+__license__   = "GPLv3"
+__version__   = "v1.2"
+
+"""
+Parses Luma3DS exception dumps
+"""
+
+import argparse
+from struct import unpack_from
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+# Source of hexdump: https://gist.github.com/ImmortalPC/c340564823f283fe530b
+# Credits for hexdump go to the original authors
+# Slightly edited by TuxSH
+
+def hexdump(addr, src, length=16, sep='.' ):
+    '''
+    @brief Return {src} in hex dump.
+    @param[in] length   {Int} Nb Bytes by row.
+    @param[in] sep      {Char} For the text part, {sep} will be used for non ASCII char.
+    @return {Str} The hexdump
+    @note Full support for python2 and python3 !
+    '''
+    result = []
+
+    # Python3 support
+    try:
+        xrange(0,1)
+    except NameError:
+        xrange = range
+
+    for i in xrange(0, len(src), length):
+        subSrc = src[i:i+length]
+        hexa = ''
+        isMiddle = False
+        for h in xrange(0,len(subSrc)):
+            if h == length/2:
+                hexa += ' '
+            h = subSrc[h]
+            if not isinstance(h, int):
+                h = ord(h)
+            h = hex(h).replace('0x','')
+            if len(h) == 1:
+                h = '0'+h
+            hexa += h+' '
+        hexa = hexa.strip(' ')
+        text = ''
+        for c in subSrc:
+            if not isinstance(c, int):
+                c = ord(c)
+            if 0x20 <= c < 0x7F:
+                text += chr(c)
+            else:
+                text += sep
+        result.append(('%08x:  %-'+str(length*(2+1)+1)+'s  |%s|') % (addr + i, hexa, text))
+
+    return '\n'.join(result)
+
+
+def makeRegisterLine(A, rA, B, rB):
+    return "{0:<15}{1:<20}{2:<15}{3:<20}".format(A, "{0:08x}".format(rA), B, "{0:08x}".format(rB))
+
+handledExceptionNames = ("FIQ", "undefined instruction", "prefetch abort", "data abort")
+registerNames = tuple("r{0}".format(i) for i in range(13)) + ("sp", "lr", "pc", "cpsr") + ("dfsr", "ifsr", "far") + ("fpexc", "fpinst", "fpinst2")
+svcBreakReasons = ("(svcBreak: panic)", "(svcBreak: assertion failed)", "(svcBreak: user-related)")
+faultStatusSources = {
+    0b1:'Alignment', 0b100:'Instruction cache maintenance operation fault',
+    0b1100:'External Abort on translation - First-level', 0b1110:'External Abort on translation - Second-level',
+    0b101:'Translation - Section', 0b111:'Translation - Page', 0b11:'Access bit - Section', 0b110:'Access bit - Page',
+    0b1001:'Domain - Section', 0b1011:'Domain - Page', 0b1101:'Permission - Section', 0b1111:'Permission - Page',
+    0b1000:'Precise External Abort', 0b10110:'Imprecise External Abort', 0b10:'Debug event'
+}
+
+def main(args=None):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Parse Luma3DS exception dumps")
+    parser.add_argument("filename")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    data = b""
+    with open(args.filename, "rb") as f: data = f.read()
+    if unpack_from("<2I", data) != (0xdeadc0de, 0xdeadcafe):
+        raise SystemExit("Invalid file format")
+
+    version, processor, exceptionType, _, nbRegisters, codeDumpSize, stackDumpSize, additionalDataSize = unpack_from("<8I", data, 8)
+    nbRegisters //= 4
+
+    if version < (1 << 16) | 2:
+        raise SystemExit("Incompatible format version, please use the appropriate parser.")
+
+    registers = unpack_from("<{0}I".format(nbRegisters), data, 40)
+    codeOffset = 40 + 4 * nbRegisters
+    codeDump = data[codeOffset : codeOffset + codeDumpSize]
+    stackOffset = codeOffset + codeDumpSize
+    stackDump = data[stackOffset : stackOffset + stackDumpSize]
+    addtionalDataOffset = stackOffset + stackDumpSize
+    additionalData = data[addtionalDataOffset : addtionalDataOffset + additionalDataSize]
+
+    if processor == 9: print("Processor: Arm9")
+    else: print("Processor: Arm11 (core {0})".format(processor >> 16))
+
+    typeDetailsStr = ""
+    if exceptionType == 2:
+        if (registers[16] & 0x20) == 0 and codeDumpSize >= 4:
+            instr = unpack_from("<I", codeDump[-4:])[0]
+            if instr == 0xe12fff7e:
+                typeDetailsStr = " (kernel panic)"
+            elif instr == 0xef00003c:
+                typeDetailsStr = " " + (svcBreakReasons[registers[0]] if registers[0] < 3 else "(svcBreak)")
+        elif (registers[16] & 0x20) == 1 and codeDumpSize >= 2:
+            instr = unpack_from("<I", codeDump[-4:])[0]
+            if instr == 0xdf3c:
+                typeDetailsStr = " " + (svcBreakReasons[registers[0]] if registers[0] < 3 else "(svcBreak)")
+
+    elif processor != 9 and (registers[20] & 0x80000000) != 0:
+        typeDetailsStr = " (VFP exception)"
+
+    print("Exception type: {0}{1}".format("unknown" if exceptionType >= len(handledExceptionNames) else handledExceptionNames[exceptionType], typeDetailsStr))
+
+    if processor == 11 and exceptionType >= 2:
+        xfsr = registers[18] if exceptionType == 2 else registers[17]
+        print("Fault status: " + faultStatusSources[xfsr & 0xf])
+
+    if additionalDataSize != 0:
+        print("Current process: {0} ({1:016x})".format(additionalData[:8].decode("ascii"), unpack_from("<Q", additionalData, 8)[0]))
+
+    print("\nRegister dump:\n")
+    for i in range(0, nbRegisters - (nbRegisters % 2), 2):
+        if i == 16: print("")
+        print(makeRegisterLine(registerNames[i], registers[i], registerNames[i+1], registers[i+1]))
+    if nbRegisters % 2 == 1: print("{0:<15}{1:<20}".format(registerNames[nbRegisters - 1], "{0:08x}".format(registers[nbRegisters - 1])))
+
+    if processor == 11 and exceptionType == 3:
+        print("{0:<15}{1:<20}Access type: {2}".format("FAR", "{0:08x}".format(registers[19]), "Write" if registers[17] & (1 << 11) != 0 else "Read"))
+
+    thumb = registers[16] & 0x20 != 0
+    addr = registers[15] - codeDumpSize / 2 + (2 if thumb else 4)
+
+    print("\nCode dump:\n")
+
+    objdump_res = ""
+    try:
+        path = os.path.join(os.environ["DEVKITARM"], "bin", "arm-none-eabi-objdump")
+
+
+        if os.name == "nt" and path[0] == '/':
+            path = ''.join(('c:', path[0], path[5:]))
+
+        objdump_res = subprocess.check_output((
+                                                    path, "-marm", "-b", "binary",
+                                                     "--adjust-vma="+hex(addr - codeOffset), "--start-address="+hex(addr),
+                                                     "--stop-address="+hex(addr + codeDumpSize), "-D", "-z", "-M",
+                                                     "reg-names-std" + (",force-thumb" if thumb else ""), args.filename
+                                             )).decode("utf-8")
+
+        objdump_res = '\n'.join(objdump_res[objdump_res.find('<.data+'):].split('\n')[1:])
+    except: objdump_res = ""
+
+    print(objdump_res if objdump_res != "" else hexdump(addr, codeDump))
+
+    print("\nStack dump:\n")
+    print(hexdump(registers[13], stackDump))
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

exception_dump_parser/setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from setuptools import setup, find_packages
+
+setup(
+    name='luma3ds_exception_dump_parser',
+    version='1.2',
+    url='https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS',
+    author='TuxSH',
+    license='GPLv3',
+    description='Parses Luma3DS exception dumps',
+    install_requires=[''],
+    packages=find_packages(),
+    entry_points={'console_scripts': ['luma3ds_exception_dump_parser=luma3ds_exception_dump_parser.__main__:main']},
+)

injector/Makefile

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-rwildcard = $(foreach d, $(wildcard $1*), $(filter $(subst *, %, $2), $d) $(call rwildcard, $d/, $2))
-
-ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITARM)),)
-$(error "Please set DEVKITARM in your environment. export DEVKITARM=<path to>devkitARM")
-endif
-
-include $(DEVKITARM)/3ds_rules
-
-CC := arm-none-eabi-gcc
-AS := arm-none-eabi-as
-LD := arm-none-eabi-ld
-OC := arm-none-eabi-objcopy
-
-name := $(shell basename $(CURDIR))
-
-dir_source := source
-dir_build := build
-
-LIBS := -lctru
-LIBDIRS	:= $(CTRULIB)
-LIBPATHS := $(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)
-
-INCLUDE	:= $(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include)
-
-ASFLAGS := -mcpu=mpcore -mfloat-abi=hard -mtp=soft
-CFLAGS := -Wall -Wextra -MMD -MP -marm $(ASFLAGS) -fno-builtin -std=c11 -O2 -flto -ffast-math -mword-relocations \
-	  -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections $(INCLUDE) -DARM11 -D_3DS
-LDFLAGS := -Xlinker --defsym="__start__=0x14000000" -specs=3dsx.specs $(ASFLAGS)
-
-objects = $(patsubst $(dir_source)/%.c, $(dir_build)/%.o, \
-          $(call rwildcard, $(dir_source), *.s *.c))
-
-.PHONY: all
-all: ../$(dir_build)/$(name).cxi
-
-.PHONY: clean
-clean:
-	@rm -rf $(dir_build)
-
-../$(dir_build)/$(name).cxi: $(dir_build)/$(name).elf
-	@makerom -f ncch -rsf loader.rsf -nocodepadding -o $@ -elf $<
-
-$(dir_build)/$(name).elf: $(objects)
-	$(LINK.o) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $^ $(LIBPATHS) $(LIBS)
-
-$(dir_build)/memory.o : CFLAGS += -O3
-
-$(dir_build)/%.o: $(dir_source)/%.c
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	$(COMPILE.c) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-
-$(dir_build)/%.o: $(dir_source)/%.s
-	@mkdir -p "$(@D)"
-	$(COMPILE.s) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<
-include $(call rwildcard, $(dir_build), *.d)

injector/source/CFWInfo.h

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-
-typedef struct __attribute__((packed))
-{
-    char magic[4];
-    
-    u8 versionMajor;
-    u8 versionMinor;
-    u8 versionBuild;
-    u8 flags; /* bit 0: dev branch; bit 1: is release */
-
-    u32 commitHash;
-
-    u32 config;
-} CFWInfo;
-
-void svcGetCFWInfo(CFWInfo *info);

injector/source/CFWInfo.s

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-.text
-.arm
-.align 4
-
-.global svcGetCFWInfo
-.type	svcGetCFWInfo, %function
-svcGetCFWInfo:
-	svc 0x2e
-	bx lr

injector/source/exheader.h

@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u8 reserved[5];
-	u8 flag;
-	u8 remasterversion[2];
-} PACKED exheader_systeminfoflags;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32 address;
-	u32 nummaxpages;
-	u32 codesize;
-} PACKED exheader_codesegmentinfo;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u8 name[8];
-	exheader_systeminfoflags flags;
-	exheader_codesegmentinfo text;
-	u8 stacksize[4];
-	exheader_codesegmentinfo ro;
-	u8 reserved[4];
-	exheader_codesegmentinfo data;
-	u32 bsssize;
-} PACKED exheader_codesetinfo;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u64 programid[0x30];
-} PACKED exheader_dependencylist;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u8 savedatasize[4];
-	u8 reserved[4];
-	u8 jumpid[8];
-	u8 reserved2[0x30];
-} PACKED exheader_systeminfo;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u8 extsavedataid[8];
-	u8 systemsavedataid[8];
-	u8 reserved[8];
-	u8 accessinfo[7];
-	u8 otherattributes;
-} PACKED exheader_storageinfo;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u64 programid;
-	u8 flags[8];
-	u16 resourcelimitdescriptor[0x10];
-	exheader_storageinfo storageinfo;
-	u64 serviceaccesscontrol[0x20];
-	u8 reserved[0x1f];
-	u8 resourcelimitcategory;
-} PACKED exheader_arm11systemlocalcaps;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u32 descriptors[28];
-	u8 reserved[0x10];
-} PACKED exheader_arm11kernelcapabilities;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	u8 descriptors[15];
-	u8 descversion;
-} PACKED exheader_arm9accesscontrol;
-
-typedef struct
-{
-	// systemcontrol info {
-	//   coreinfo {
-	exheader_codesetinfo codesetinfo;
-	exheader_dependencylist deplist;
-	//   }
-	exheader_systeminfo systeminfo;
-	// }
-	// accesscontrolinfo {
-	exheader_arm11systemlocalcaps arm11systemlocalcaps;
-	exheader_arm11kernelcapabilities arm11kernelcaps;
-	exheader_arm9accesscontrol arm9accesscontrol;
-	// }
-	struct {
-		u8 signature[0x100];
-		u8 ncchpubkeymodulus[0x100];
-		exheader_arm11systemlocalcaps arm11systemlocalcaps;
-		exheader_arm11kernelcapabilities arm11kernelcaps;
-		exheader_arm9accesscontrol arm9accesscontrol;
-	} PACKED accessdesc;
-} PACKED exheader_header;

injector/source/fsldr.c

@@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-#include <3ds.h>
-#include "fsldr.h"
-#include "fsreg.h"
-#include "srvsys.h"
-
-#define SDK_VERSION 0x70200C8
-
-static Handle fsldrHandle;
-static int fsldrRefCount;
-
-// MAKE SURE fsreg has been init before calling this
-static Result fsldrPatchPermissions(void)
-{
-  u32 pid;
-  Result res;
-  FS_ProgramInfo info;
-  u32 storage[8] = {0};
-
-  storage[6] = 0x680; // SDMC access and NAND access flag
-  info.programId = 0x0004013000001302LL; // loader PID
-  info.mediaType = MEDIATYPE_NAND;
-  res = svcGetProcessId(&pid, 0xFFFF8001);
-  if (R_SUCCEEDED(res))
-  {
-    res = FSREG_Register(pid, 0xFFFF000000000000LL, &info, (u8 *)storage);
-  }
-  return res;
-}
-
-Result fsldrInit(void)
-{
-  Result ret = 0;
-
-  if (AtomicPostIncrement(&fsldrRefCount)) return 0;
-
-  ret = srvSysGetServiceHandle(&fsldrHandle, "fs:LDR");
-  if (R_SUCCEEDED(ret))
-  {
-    fsldrPatchPermissions();
-    ret = FSLDR_InitializeWithSdkVersion(fsldrHandle, SDK_VERSION);
-    ret = FSLDR_SetPriority(0);
-    if (R_FAILED(ret)) svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    AtomicDecrement(&fsldrRefCount);
-  }
-
-  return ret;
-}
-
-void fsldrExit(void)
-{
-  if (AtomicDecrement(&fsldrRefCount)) return;
-  svcCloseHandle(fsldrHandle);
-}
-
-Result FSLDR_InitializeWithSdkVersion(Handle session, u32 version)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x861,1,2); // 0x8610042
-  cmdbuf[1] = version;
-  cmdbuf[2] = 32;
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(session))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSLDR_SetPriority(u32 priority)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x862,1,0); // 0x8620040
-  cmdbuf[1] = priority;
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsldrHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSLDR_OpenFileDirectly(Handle* out, FS_ArchiveID archiveId, FS_Path archivePath, FS_Path filePath, u32 openFlags, u32 attributes)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x803,8,4); // 0x8030204
-  cmdbuf[1] = 0;
-  cmdbuf[2] = archiveId;
-  cmdbuf[3] = archivePath.type;
-  cmdbuf[4] = archivePath.size;
-  cmdbuf[5] = filePath.type;
-  cmdbuf[6] = filePath.size;
-  cmdbuf[7] = openFlags;
-  cmdbuf[8] = attributes;
-  cmdbuf[9] = IPC_Desc_StaticBuffer(archivePath.size, 2);
-  cmdbuf[10] = (u32)archivePath.data;
-  cmdbuf[11] = IPC_Desc_StaticBuffer(filePath.size, 0);
-  cmdbuf[12] = (u32)filePath.data;
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsldrHandle))) return ret;
-
-  if(out) *out = cmdbuf[3];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}

injector/source/fsldr.h

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-
-Result fsldrInit(void);
-void fsldrExit(void);
-Result FSLDR_InitializeWithSdkVersion(Handle session, u32 version);
-Result FSLDR_SetPriority(u32 priority);
-Result FSLDR_OpenFileDirectly(Handle* out, FS_ArchiveID archiveId, FS_Path archivePath, FS_Path filePath, u32 openFlags, u32 attributes);

injector/source/fsreg.c

@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-#include <3ds.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "fsreg.h"
-#include "srvsys.h"
-
-static Handle fsregHandle;
-static int fsregRefCount;
-
-Result fsregInit(void)
-{
-  Result ret = 0;
-
-  if (AtomicPostIncrement(&fsregRefCount)) return 0;
-
-  ret = srvSysGetServiceHandle(&fsregHandle, "fs:REG");
-
-  if (R_FAILED(ret)) AtomicDecrement(&fsregRefCount);
-  return ret;
-}
-
-void fsregExit(void)
-{
-  if (AtomicDecrement(&fsregRefCount)) return;
-  svcCloseHandle(fsregHandle);
-}
-
-Result FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x406,2,0); // 0x4060080
-  cmdbuf[1] = (u32) (prog_handle);
-  cmdbuf[2] = (u32) (prog_handle >> 32);
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsregHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSREG_LoadProgram(u64 *prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *title)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x404,4,0); // 0x4040100
-  memcpy(&cmdbuf[1], &title->programId, sizeof(u64));
-  *(u8 *)&cmdbuf[3] = title->mediaType;
-  memcpy(((u8 *)&cmdbuf[3])+1, &title->padding, 7);
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsregHandle))) return ret;
-  *prog_handle = *(u64 *)&cmdbuf[2];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSREG_GetProgramInfo(exheader_header *exheader, u32 entry_count, u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x403,3,0); // 0x40300C0
-  cmdbuf[1] = entry_count;
-  *(u64 *)&cmdbuf[2] = prog_handle;
-  cmdbuf[64] = ((entry_count << 10) << 14) | 2;
-  cmdbuf[65] = (u32) exheader;
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsregHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSREG_UnloadProgram(u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x405,2,0); // 0x4050080
-  cmdbuf[1] = (u32) (prog_handle);
-  cmdbuf[2] = (u32) (prog_handle >> 32);
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsregHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSREG_Unregister(u32 pid)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x402,1,0); // 0x4020040
-  cmdbuf[1] = pid;
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsregHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result FSREG_Register(u32 pid, u64 prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *info, void *storageinfo)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x401,0xf,0); // 0x40103C0
-  cmdbuf[1] = pid;
-  *(u64 *)&cmdbuf[2] = prog_handle;
-  memcpy(&cmdbuf[4], &info->programId, sizeof(u64));
-  *(u8 *)&cmdbuf[6] = info->mediaType;
-  memcpy(((u8 *)&cmdbuf[6])+1, &info->padding, 7);
-  memcpy((u8 *)&cmdbuf[8], storageinfo, 32);
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(fsregHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}

injector/source/fsreg.h

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-#include "exheader.h"
-
-Result fsregInit(void);
-void fsregExit(void);
-Result FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(u64 prog_handle);
-Result FSREG_LoadProgram(u64 *prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *title);
-Result FSREG_GetProgramInfo(exheader_header *exheader, u32 entry_count, u64 prog_handle);
-Result FSREG_UnloadProgram(u64 prog_handle);
-Result FSREG_Unregister(u32 pid);
-Result FSREG_Register(u32 pid, u64 prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *info, void *storageinfo);

injector/source/loader.c

@@ -1,591 +0,0 @@
-#include <3ds.h>
-#include "memory.h"
-#include "patcher.h"
-#include "exheader.h"
-#include "ifile.h"
-#include "fsldr.h"
-#include "fsreg.h"
-#include "pxipm.h"
-#include "srvsys.h"
-
-#define MAX_SESSIONS 1
-
-const char CODE_PATH[] = {0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2E, 0x63, 0x6F, 0x64, 0x65, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
-
-typedef struct
-{
-  u32 text_addr;
-  u32 text_size;
-  u32 ro_addr;
-  u32 ro_size;
-  u32 data_addr;
-  u32 data_size;
-  u32 total_size;
-} prog_addrs_t;
-
-static Handle g_handles[MAX_SESSIONS+2];
-static int g_active_handles;
-static u64 g_cached_prog_handle;
-static exheader_header g_exheader;
-static char g_ret_buf[1024];
-
-static int lzss_decompress(u8 *end)
-{
-  unsigned int v1; // r1@2
-  u8 *v2; // r2@2
-  u8 *v3; // r3@2
-  u8 *v4; // r1@2
-  char v5; // r5@4
-  char v6; // t1@4
-  signed int v7; // r6@4
-  int v9; // t1@7
-  u8 *v11; // r3@8
-  int v12; // r12@8
-  int v13; // t1@8
-  int v14; // t1@8
-  unsigned int v15; // r7@8
-  int v16; // r12@8
-  int ret;
-
-  ret = 0;
-  if ( end )
-  {
-    v1 = *((u32 *)end - 2);
-    v2 = &end[*((u32 *)end - 1)];
-    v3 = &end[-(v1 >> 24)];
-    v4 = &end[-(v1 & 0xFFFFFF)];
-    while ( v3 > v4 )
-    {
-      v6 = *(v3-- - 1);
-      v5 = v6;
-      v7 = 8;
-      while ( 1 )
-      {
-        if ( (v7-- < 1) )
-          break;
-        if ( v5 & 0x80 )
-        {
-          v13 = *(v3 - 1);
-          v11 = v3 - 1;
-          v12 = v13;
-          v14 = *(v11 - 1);
-          v3 = v11 - 1;
-          v15 = ((v14 | (v12 << 8)) & 0xFFFF0FFF) + 2;
-          v16 = v12 + 32;
-          do
-          {
-            ret = v2[v15];
-            *(v2-- - 1) = ret;
-            v16 -= 16;
-          }
-          while ( !(v16 < 0) );
-        }
-        else
-        {
-          v9 = *(v3-- - 1);
-          ret = v9;
-          *(v2-- - 1) = v9;
-        }
-        v5 *= 2;
-        if ( v3 <= v4 )
-          return ret;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-static Result allocate_shared_mem(prog_addrs_t *shared, prog_addrs_t *vaddr, int flags)
-{
-  u32 dummy;
-
-  memcpy(shared, vaddr, sizeof(prog_addrs_t));
-  shared->text_addr = 0x10000000;
-  shared->ro_addr = shared->text_addr + (shared->text_size << 12);
-  shared->data_addr = shared->ro_addr + (shared->ro_size << 12);
-  return svcControlMemory(&dummy, shared->text_addr, 0, shared->total_size << 12, (flags & 0xF00) | MEMOP_ALLOC, MEMPERM_READ | MEMPERM_WRITE);
-}
-
-static Result load_code(u64 progid, prog_addrs_t *shared, u64 prog_handle, int is_compressed)
-{
-  IFile file;
-  FS_Path archivePath;
-  FS_Path filePath;
-  Result res;
-  u64 size;
-  u64 total;
-
-  archivePath.type = PATH_BINARY;
-  archivePath.data = &prog_handle;
-  archivePath.size = 8;
-
-  filePath.type = PATH_BINARY;
-  filePath.data = CODE_PATH;
-  filePath.size = sizeof(CODE_PATH);
-  if (R_FAILED(IFile_Open(&file, ARCHIVE_SAVEDATA_AND_CONTENT2, archivePath, filePath, FS_OPEN_READ)))
-  {
-    svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-
-  // get file size
-  if (R_FAILED(IFile_GetSize(&file, &size)))
-  {
-    IFile_Close(&file);
-    svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-
-  // check size
-  if (size > (u64)shared->total_size << 12)
-  {
-    IFile_Close(&file);
-    return 0xC900464F;
-  }
-
-  // read code
-  res = IFile_Read(&file, &total, (void *)shared->text_addr, size);
-  IFile_Close(&file); // done reading
-  if (R_FAILED(res))
-  {
-    svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-
-  // decompress
-  if (is_compressed)
-  {
-    lzss_decompress((u8 *)shared->text_addr + size);
-  }
-
-  // patch
-  patchCode(progid, (u8 *)shared->text_addr, shared->total_size << 12);
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static Result loader_GetProgramInfo(exheader_header *exheader, u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  Result res;
-
-  if (prog_handle >> 32 == 0xFFFF0000)
-  {
-    return FSREG_GetProgramInfo(exheader, 1, prog_handle);
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    res = FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(prog_handle);
-    //if ((res >= 0 && (unsigned)res >> 27) || (res < 0 && ((unsigned)res >> 27)-32))
-    //so use PXIPM if FSREG fails OR returns "info", is the second condition a bug?
-    if (R_FAILED(res) || (R_SUCCEEDED(res) && R_LEVEL(res) != RL_SUCCESS))
-    {
-      return PXIPM_GetProgramInfo(exheader, prog_handle);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      return FSREG_GetProgramInfo(exheader, 1, prog_handle);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-static Result loader_LoadProcess(Handle *process, u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  Result res;
-  int count;
-  u32 flags;
-  u32 desc;
-  u32 dummy;
-  prog_addrs_t shared_addr;
-  prog_addrs_t vaddr;
-  Handle codeset;
-  CodeSetInfo codesetinfo;
-  u32 data_mem_size;
-  u64 progid;
-
-  // make sure the cached info corrosponds to the current prog_handle
-  if (g_cached_prog_handle != prog_handle)
-  {
-    res = loader_GetProgramInfo(&g_exheader, prog_handle);
-    g_cached_prog_handle = prog_handle;
-    if (res < 0)
-    {
-      g_cached_prog_handle = 0;
-      return res;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // get kernel flags
-  flags = 0;
-  for (count = 0; count < 28; count++)
-  {
-    desc = g_exheader.arm11kernelcaps.descriptors[count];
-    if (0x1FE == desc >> 23)
-    {
-      flags = desc & 0xF00;
-    }
-  }
-  if (flags == 0)
-  {
-    return MAKERESULT(RL_PERMANENT, RS_INVALIDARG, 1, 2);
-  }
-
-  // allocate process memory
-  vaddr.text_addr = g_exheader.codesetinfo.text.address;
-  vaddr.text_size = (g_exheader.codesetinfo.text.codesize + 4095) >> 12;
-  vaddr.ro_addr = g_exheader.codesetinfo.ro.address;
-  vaddr.ro_size = (g_exheader.codesetinfo.ro.codesize + 4095) >> 12;
-  vaddr.data_addr = g_exheader.codesetinfo.data.address;
-  vaddr.data_size = (g_exheader.codesetinfo.data.codesize + 4095) >> 12;
-  data_mem_size = (g_exheader.codesetinfo.data.codesize + g_exheader.codesetinfo.bsssize + 4095) >> 12;
-  vaddr.total_size = vaddr.text_size + vaddr.ro_size + vaddr.data_size;
-  if ((res = allocate_shared_mem(&shared_addr, &vaddr, flags)) < 0)
-  {
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  // load code
-  progid = g_exheader.arm11systemlocalcaps.programid;
-  if ((res = load_code(progid, &shared_addr, prog_handle, g_exheader.codesetinfo.flags.flag & 1)) >= 0)
-  {
-    memcpy(&codesetinfo.name, g_exheader.codesetinfo.name, 8);
-    codesetinfo.program_id = progid;
-    codesetinfo.text_addr = vaddr.text_addr;
-    codesetinfo.text_size = vaddr.text_size;
-    codesetinfo.text_size_total = vaddr.text_size;
-    codesetinfo.ro_addr = vaddr.ro_addr;
-    codesetinfo.ro_size = vaddr.ro_size;
-    codesetinfo.ro_size_total = vaddr.ro_size;
-    codesetinfo.rw_addr = vaddr.data_addr;
-    codesetinfo.rw_size = vaddr.data_size;
-    codesetinfo.rw_size_total = data_mem_size;
-    res = svcCreateCodeSet(&codeset, &codesetinfo, (void *)shared_addr.text_addr, (void *)shared_addr.ro_addr, (void *)shared_addr.data_addr);
-    if (res >= 0)
-    {
-      res = svcCreateProcess(process, codeset, g_exheader.arm11kernelcaps.descriptors, count);
-      svcCloseHandle(codeset);
-      if (res >= 0)
-      {
-        return 0;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  svcControlMemory(&dummy, shared_addr.text_addr, 0, shared_addr.total_size << 12, MEMOP_FREE, 0);
-  return res;
-}
-
-static Result loader_RegisterProgram(u64 *prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *title, FS_ProgramInfo *update)
-{
-  Result res;
-  u64 prog_id;
-
-  prog_id = title->programId;
-  if (prog_id >> 32 != 0xFFFF0000)
-  {
-    res = FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(prog_id);
-    //if ((res >= 0 && (unsigned)res >> 27) || (res < 0 && ((unsigned)res >> 27)-32))
-    if (R_FAILED(res) || (R_SUCCEEDED(res) && R_LEVEL(res) != RL_SUCCESS))
-    {
-      res = PXIPM_RegisterProgram(prog_handle, title, update);
-      if (res < 0)
-      {
-        return res;
-      }
-      if (*prog_handle >> 32 != 0xFFFF0000)
-      {
-        res = FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(*prog_handle);
-        //if ((res >= 0 && (unsigned)res >> 27) || (res < 0 && ((unsigned)res >> 27)-32))
-        if (R_FAILED(res) || (R_SUCCEEDED(res) && R_LEVEL(res) != RL_SUCCESS))
-        {
-          return 0;
-        }
-      }
-      svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if ((title->mediaType != update->mediaType) || (prog_id != update->programId))
-  {
-    svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-  res = FSREG_LoadProgram(prog_handle, title);
-  if (R_SUCCEEDED(res))
-  {
-    if (*prog_handle >> 32 == 0xFFFF0000)
-    {
-      return 0;
-    }
-    res = FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(*prog_handle);
-    //if ((res >= 0 && (unsigned)res >> 27) || (res < 0 && ((unsigned)res >> 27)-32))
-    if (R_FAILED(res) || (R_SUCCEEDED(res) && R_LEVEL(res) != RL_SUCCESS))
-    {
-      svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-    }
-  }
-  return res;
-}
-
-static Result loader_UnregisterProgram(u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  Result res;
-
-  if (prog_handle >> 32 == 0xFFFF0000)
-  {
-    return FSREG_UnloadProgram(prog_handle);
-  }
-  else
-  {
-    res = FSREG_CheckHostLoadId(prog_handle);
-    //if ((res >= 0 && (unsigned)res >> 27) || (res < 0 && ((unsigned)res >> 27)-32))
-    if (R_FAILED(res) || (R_SUCCEEDED(res) && R_LEVEL(res) != RL_SUCCESS))
-    {
-      return PXIPM_UnregisterProgram(prog_handle);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      return FSREG_UnloadProgram(prog_handle);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-static void handle_commands(void)
-{
-  FS_ProgramInfo title;
-  FS_ProgramInfo update;
-  u32* cmdbuf;
-  u16 cmdid;
-  int res;
-  Handle handle;
-  u64 prog_handle;
-
-  cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-  cmdid = cmdbuf[0] >> 16;
-  res = 0;
-  switch (cmdid)
-  {
-    case 1: // LoadProcess
-    {
-      res = loader_LoadProcess(&handle, *(u64 *)&cmdbuf[1]);
-      cmdbuf[0] = 0x10042;
-      cmdbuf[1] = res;
-      cmdbuf[2] = 16;
-      cmdbuf[3] = handle;
-      break;
-    }
-    case 2: // RegisterProgram
-    {
-      memcpy(&title, &cmdbuf[1], sizeof(FS_ProgramInfo));
-      memcpy(&update, &cmdbuf[5], sizeof(FS_ProgramInfo));
-      res = loader_RegisterProgram(&prog_handle, &title, &update);
-      cmdbuf[0] = 0x200C0;
-      cmdbuf[1] = res;
-      *(u64 *)&cmdbuf[2] = prog_handle;
-      break;
-    }
-    case 3: // UnregisterProgram
-    {
-      if (g_cached_prog_handle == prog_handle)
-      {
-        g_cached_prog_handle = 0;
-      }
-      cmdbuf[0] = 0x30040;
-      cmdbuf[1] = loader_UnregisterProgram(*(u64 *)&cmdbuf[1]);
-      break;
-    }
-    case 4: // GetProgramInfo
-    {
-      prog_handle = *(u64 *)&cmdbuf[1];
-      if (prog_handle != g_cached_prog_handle)
-      {
-        res = loader_GetProgramInfo(&g_exheader, prog_handle);
-        if (res >= 0)
-        {
-          g_cached_prog_handle = prog_handle;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-          g_cached_prog_handle = 0;
-        }
-      }
-      memcpy(&g_ret_buf, &g_exheader, 1024);
-      cmdbuf[0] = 0x40042;
-      cmdbuf[1] = res;
-      cmdbuf[2] = 0x1000002;
-      cmdbuf[3] = (u32) &g_ret_buf;
-      break;
-    }
-    default: // error
-    {
-      cmdbuf[0] = 0x40;
-      cmdbuf[1] = 0xD900182F;
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-static Result should_terminate(int *term_request)
-{
-  u32 notid;
-  Result ret;
-
-  ret = srvSysReceiveNotification(&notid);
-  if (R_FAILED(ret))
-  {
-    return ret;
-  }
-  if (notid == 0x100) // term request
-  {
-    *term_request = 1;
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-// this is called before main
-void __appInit()
-{
-  srvSysInit();
-  fsregInit();
-  fsldrInit();
-  pxipmInit();
-}
-
-// this is called after main exits
-void __appExit()
-{
-  pxipmExit();
-  fsldrExit();
-  fsregExit();
-  srvSysExit();
-}
-
-// stubs for non-needed pre-main functions
-void __sync_init();
-void __sync_fini();
-void __system_initSyscalls();
- 
-void __ctru_exit()
-{
-  __appExit();
-  __sync_fini();
-  svcExitProcess();
-}
- 
-void initSystem()
-{
-  __sync_init();
-  __system_initSyscalls();
-  __appInit();
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-  Result ret;
-  Handle handle;
-  Handle reply_target;
-  Handle *srv_handle;
-  Handle *notification_handle;
-  s32 index;
-  int i;
-  int term_request;
-  u32* cmdbuf;
-
-  ret = 0;
-
-  srv_handle = &g_handles[1];
-  notification_handle = &g_handles[0];
-
-  if (R_FAILED(srvSysRegisterService(srv_handle, "Loader", MAX_SESSIONS)))
-  {
-    svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-
-  if (R_FAILED(srvSysEnableNotification(notification_handle)))
-  {
-    svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  }
-
-  g_active_handles = 2;
-  g_cached_prog_handle = 0;
-  index = 1;
-
-  reply_target = 0;
-  term_request = 0;
-  do
-  {
-    if (reply_target == 0)
-    {
-      cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-      cmdbuf[0] = 0xFFFF0000;
-    }
-    ret = svcReplyAndReceive(&index, g_handles, g_active_handles, reply_target);
-
-    if (R_FAILED(ret))
-    {
-      // check if any handle has been closed
-      if (ret == (int)0xC920181A)
-      {
-        if (index == -1)
-        {
-          for (i = 2; i < MAX_SESSIONS+2; i++)
-          {
-            if (g_handles[i] == reply_target)
-            {
-              index = i;
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        svcCloseHandle(g_handles[index]);
-        g_handles[index] = g_handles[g_active_handles-1];
-        g_active_handles--;
-        reply_target = 0;
-      }
-      else 
-      {
-        svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-      }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      // process responses
-      reply_target = 0;
-      switch (index)
-      {
-        case 0: // notification
-        {
-          if (R_FAILED(should_terminate(&term_request)))
-          {
-            svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        case 1: // new session
-        {
-          if (R_FAILED(svcAcceptSession(&handle, *srv_handle)))
-          {
-            svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-          }
-          if (g_active_handles < MAX_SESSIONS+2)
-          {
-            g_handles[g_active_handles] = handle;
-            g_active_handles++;
-          }
-          else
-          {
-            svcCloseHandle(handle);
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-        default: // session
-        {
-          handle_commands();
-          reply_target = g_handles[index];
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  } while (!term_request || g_active_handles != 2);
-
-  srvSysUnregisterService("Loader");
-  svcCloseHandle(*srv_handle);
-  svcCloseHandle(*notification_handle);
-
-  return 0;
-}

injector/source/memory.c

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#include "memory.h"
-
-void memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, u32 size)
-{
-    u8 *destc = (u8 *)dest;
-    const u8 *srcc = (const u8 *)src;
-
-    for(u32 i = 0; i < size; i++)
-        destc[i] = srcc[i];
-}

injector/source/memory.h

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-
-void memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, u32 size);

injector/source/patcher.c

@@ -1,572 +0,0 @@
-#include <3ds.h>
-#include "memory.h"
-#include "patcher.h"
-#include "ifile.h"
-#include "CFWInfo.h"
-
-static CFWInfo info;
-
-static int memcmp(const void *buf1, const void *buf2, u32 size)
-{
-    const u8 *buf1c = (const u8 *)buf1;
-    const u8 *buf2c = (const u8 *)buf2;
-
-    for(u32 i = 0; i < size; i++)
-    {
-        int cmp = buf1c[i] - buf2c[i];
-        if(cmp) return cmp;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-//Quick Search algorithm, adapted from http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/~lecroq/string/node19.html#SECTION00190
-static u8 *memsearch(u8 *startPos, const void *pattern, u32 size, u32 patternSize)
-{
-    const u8 *patternc = (const u8 *)pattern;
-
-    //Preprocessing
-    u32 table[256];
-
-    for(u32 i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
-        table[i] = patternSize + 1;
-    for(u32 i = 0; i < patternSize; ++i)
-        table[patternc[i]] = patternSize - i;
-
-    //Searching
-    u32 j = 0;
-
-    while(j <= size - patternSize)
-    {
-        if(memcmp(patternc, startPos + j, patternSize) == 0)
-            return startPos + j;
-        j += table[startPos[j + patternSize]];
-    }
-
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-static u32 patchMemory(u8 *start, u32 size, const void *pattern, u32 patSize, int offset, const void *replace, u32 repSize, u32 count)
-{
-    u32 i;
-
-    for(i = 0; i < count; i++)
-    {
-        u8 *found = memsearch(start, pattern, size, patSize);
-
-        if(found == NULL) break;
-
-        memcpy(found + offset, replace, repSize);
-
-        u32 at = (u32)(found - start);
-
-        if(at + patSize > size) break;
-
-        size -= at + patSize;
-        start = found + patSize;
-    }
-
-    return i;
-}
-
-static inline size_t strnlen(const char *string, size_t maxlen)
-{
-    size_t size;
-
-    for(size = 0; *string && size < maxlen; string++, size++);
-
-    return size;
-}
-
-static int fileOpen(IFile *file, FS_ArchiveID archiveId, const char *path, int flags)
-{
-    FS_Path filePath = {PATH_ASCII, strnlen(path, PATH_MAX) + 1, path},
-            archivePath = {PATH_EMPTY, 1, (u8 *)""};
-
-    return IFile_Open(file, archiveId, archivePath, filePath, flags);
-}
-
-static void loadCFWInfo(void)
-{
-    static bool infoLoaded = false;
-
-    if(!infoLoaded)
-    {
-        svcGetCFWInfo(&info);
-
-        IFile file;
-        if(BOOTCFG_SAFEMODE != 0 && R_SUCCEEDED(fileOpen(&file, ARCHIVE_SDMC, "/", FS_OPEN_READ))) //Init SD card if SAFE_MODE is being booted
-            IFile_Close(&file);
-
-        infoLoaded = true;
-    }
-}
-
-static bool secureInfoExists(void)
-{
-    static bool exists = false;
-
-    if(!exists)
-    {
-        IFile file;
-        if(R_SUCCEEDED(fileOpen(&file, ARCHIVE_NAND_RW, "/sys/SecureInfo_C", FS_OPEN_READ)))
-        {
-            exists = true;
-            IFile_Close(&file);
-        }
-    }
-
-    return exists;
-}
-
-static void progIdToStr(char *strEnd, u64 progId)
-{
-    while(progId)
-    {
-        static const char hexDigits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
-        *strEnd-- = hexDigits[(u32)(progId & 0xF)];
-        progId >>= 4;
-    }
-}
-
-static void loadTitleCodeSection(u64 progId, u8 *code, u32 size)
-{
-    /* Here we look for "/luma/code_sections/[u64 titleID in hex, uppercase].bin"
-       If it exists it should be a decompressed binary code file */
-
-    char path[] = "/luma/code_sections/0000000000000000.bin";
-    progIdToStr(path + 35, progId);
-
-    IFile file;
-    Result ret = fileOpen(&file, ARCHIVE_SDMC, path, FS_OPEN_READ);
-
-    if(R_SUCCEEDED(ret))
-    {
-        u64 fileSize;
-        ret = IFile_GetSize(&file, &fileSize);
-
-        if(R_SUCCEEDED(ret) && fileSize <= size)
-        {
-            u64 total;
-            ret = IFile_Read(&file, &total, code, fileSize);
-            IFile_Close(&file);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static int loadTitleLocaleConfig(u64 progId, u8 *regionId, u8 *languageId)
-{
-    /* Here we look for "/luma/locales/[u64 titleID in hex, uppercase].txt"
-       If it exists it should contain, for example, "EUR IT" */
-
-    char path[] = "/luma/locales/0000000000000000.txt";
-    progIdToStr(path + 29, progId);
-
-    IFile file;
-    Result ret = fileOpen(&file, ARCHIVE_SDMC, path, FS_OPEN_READ);
-    if(R_SUCCEEDED(ret))
-    {
-        char buf[6];
-        u64 total;
-
-        ret = IFile_Read(&file, &total, buf, 6);
-        IFile_Close(&file);
-
-        if(!R_SUCCEEDED(ret) || total < 6) return -1;
-
-        for(u32 i = 0; i < 7; ++i)
-        {
-            static const char *regions[] = {"JPN", "USA", "EUR", "AUS", "CHN", "KOR", "TWN"};
-
-            if(memcmp(buf, regions[i], 3) == 0)
-            {
-                *regionId = (u8)i;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        
-        for(u32 i = 0; i < 12; ++i)
-        {
-            static const char *languages[] = {"JP", "EN", "FR", "DE", "IT", "ES", "ZH", "KO", "NL", "PT", "RU", "TW"};
-
-            if(memcmp(buf + 4, languages[i], 2) == 0)
-            {
-                *languageId = (u8)i;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static u8 *getCfgOffsets(u8 *code, u32 size, u32 *CFGUHandleOffset)
-{
-    /* HANS:
-       Look for error code which is known to be stored near cfg:u handle
-       this way we can find the right candidate
-       (handle should also be stored right after end of candidate function) */
-
-    u32 n = 0,
-        possible[24];
-
-    for(u8 *pos = code + 4; n < 24 && pos < code + size - 4; pos += 4)
-    {
-        if(*(u32 *)pos == 0xD8A103F9)
-        {
-            for(u32 *l = (u32 *)pos - 4; n < 24 && l < (u32 *)pos + 4; l++)
-                if(*l <= 0x10000000) possible[n++] = *l;
-        }
-    }
-
-    for(u8 *CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos = code; CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos < code + size - 8; CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos += 4)
-    {
-        static const u32 CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPattern[] = {0xE8BD8010, 0x00010082};
-
-        //There might be multiple implementations of GetConfigInfoBlk2 but let's search for the one we want
-        u32 *cmp = (u32 *)CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos;
-
-        if(cmp[0] == CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPattern[0] && cmp[1] == CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPattern[1])
-        {
-            *CFGUHandleOffset = *((u32 *)CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos + 2);
-
-            for(u32 i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                if(possible[i] == *CFGUHandleOffset) return CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos;
-
-            CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos += 4;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-static void patchCfgGetLanguage(u8 *code, u32 size, u8 languageId, u8 *CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos)
-{
-    u8 *CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_startPos; //Let's find STMFD SP (there might be a NOP before, but nevermind)
-
-    for(CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_startPos = CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos - 4;
-        CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_startPos >= code && *((u16 *)CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_startPos + 1) != 0xE92D;
-        CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_startPos -= 2);
-
-    for(u8 *languageBlkIdPos = code; languageBlkIdPos < code + size; languageBlkIdPos += 4)
-    {
-        if(*(u32 *)languageBlkIdPos == 0xA0002)
-        {
-            for(u8 *instr = languageBlkIdPos - 8; instr >= languageBlkIdPos - 0x1008 && instr >= code + 4; instr -= 4) //Should be enough
-            {
-                if(instr[3] == 0xEB) //We're looking for BL
-                {
-                    u8 *calledFunction = instr;
-                    u32 i = 0;
-                    bool found;
-
-                    do
-                    {
-                        u32 low24 = (*(u32 *)calledFunction & 0x00FFFFFF) << 2;
-                        u32 signMask = (u32)(-(low24 >> 25)) & 0xFC000000; //Sign extension
-                        s32 offset = (s32)(low24 | signMask) + 8;          //Branch offset + 8 for prefetch
-
-                        calledFunction += offset;
-
-                        found = calledFunction >= CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_startPos - 4 && calledFunction <= CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos;
-                        i++;
-                    }
-                    while(i < 2 && !found && calledFunction[3] == 0xEA);
-
-                    if(found) 
-                    {
-                        *((u32 *)instr - 1)  = 0xE3A00000 | languageId; // mov    r0, sp                 => mov r0, =languageId
-                        *(u32 *)instr        = 0xE5CD0000;              // bl     CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2 => strb r0, [sp]
-                        *((u32 *)instr + 1)  = 0xE3B00000;              // (1 or 2 instructions)         => movs r0, 0             (result code)
-
-                        //We're done
-                        return;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void patchCfgGetRegion(u8 *code, u32 size, u8 regionId, u32 CFGUHandleOffset)
-{
-    for(u8 *cmdPos = code; cmdPos < code + size - 28; cmdPos += 4)
-    {
-        static const u32 cfgSecureInfoGetRegionCmdPattern[] = {0xEE1D4F70, 0xE3A00802, 0xE5A40080};
-
-        u32 *cmp = (u32 *)cmdPos;
-
-        if(cmp[0] == cfgSecureInfoGetRegionCmdPattern[0] && cmp[1] == cfgSecureInfoGetRegionCmdPattern[1] &&
-           cmp[2] == cfgSecureInfoGetRegionCmdPattern[2] && *((u16 *)cmdPos + 7) == 0xE59F &&
-           *(u32 *)(cmdPos + 20 + *((u16 *)cmdPos + 6)) == CFGUHandleOffset)
-        {
-            *((u32 *)cmdPos + 4) = 0xE3A00000 | regionId; // mov    r0, =regionId
-            *((u32 *)cmdPos + 5) = 0xE5C40008;            // strb   r0, [r4, 8]
-            *((u32 *)cmdPos + 6) = 0xE3B00000;            // movs   r0, 0            (result code) ('s' not needed but nvm)
-            *((u32 *)cmdPos + 7) = 0xE5840004;            // str    r0, [r4, 4]
-
-            //The remaining, not patched, function code will do the rest for us
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void patchCode(u64 progId, u8 *code, u32 size)
-{
-    loadCFWInfo();
-
-    switch(progId)
-    {
-        case 0x0004003000008F02LL: // USA Menu
-        case 0x0004003000008202LL: // EUR Menu
-        case 0x0004003000009802LL: // JPN Menu
-        case 0x000400300000A102LL: // CHN Menu
-        case 0x000400300000A902LL: // KOR Menu
-        case 0x000400300000B102LL: // TWN Menu
-        {
-            static const u8 regionFreePattern[] = {
-                0x00, 0x00, 0x55, 0xE3, 0x01, 0x10, 0xA0
-            };
-            static const u8 regionFreePatch[] = {
-                0x01, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE3, 0x1E, 0xFF, 0x2F, 0xE1
-            };
-
-            //Patch SMDH region checks
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                regionFreePattern, 
-                sizeof(regionFreePattern), -16, 
-                regionFreePatch, 
-                sizeof(regionFreePatch), 1
-            );
-
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 0x0004013000002C02LL: // NIM
-        {
-            static const u8 blockAutoUpdatesPattern[] = {
-                0x25, 0x79, 0x0B, 0x99
-            };
-            static const u8 blockAutoUpdatesPatch[] = {
-                0xE3, 0xA0
-            };
-
-            //Block silent auto-updates
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                blockAutoUpdatesPattern, 
-                sizeof(blockAutoUpdatesPattern), 0, 
-                blockAutoUpdatesPatch, 
-                sizeof(blockAutoUpdatesPatch), 1
-            );
-
-            //Apply only if the updated NAND hasn't been booted
-            if((BOOTCFG_NAND != 0) == (BOOTCFG_FIRM != 0 && CONFIG_USESYSFIRM))
-            {
-                static const u8 skipEshopUpdateCheckPattern[] = {
-                    0x30, 0xB5, 0xF1, 0xB0
-                };
-                static const u8 skipEshopUpdateCheckPatch[] = {
-                    0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x60, 0x70, 0x47
-                };
-
-                //Skip update checks to access the EShop
-                patchMemory(code, size, 
-                    skipEshopUpdateCheckPattern, 
-                    sizeof(skipEshopUpdateCheckPattern), 0, 
-                    skipEshopUpdateCheckPatch, 
-                    sizeof(skipEshopUpdateCheckPatch), 1
-                );
-            }
-
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 0x0004013000003202LL: // FRIENDS
-        {
-            static const u8 fpdVerPattern[] = {
-                0xE0, 0x1E, 0xFF, 0x2F, 0xE1, 0x01, 0x01
-            };
-            
-            static const u8 mostRecentFpdVer = 0x06;
-            
-            u8 *fpdVer = memsearch(code, fpdVerPattern, size, sizeof(fpdVerPattern));
-
-            //Allow online access to work with old friends modules, without breaking newer firmwares
-            if(fpdVer != NULL && fpdVer[9] < mostRecentFpdVer) fpdVer[9] = mostRecentFpdVer;
-
-            break;
-        }
-        
-        case 0x0004001000021000LL: // USA MSET
-        case 0x0004001000020000LL: // JPN MSET
-        case 0x0004001000022000LL: // EUR MSET
-        case 0x0004001000026000LL: // CHN MSET
-        case 0x0004001000027000LL: // KOR MSET
-        case 0x0004001000028000LL: // TWN MSET
-        {
-            if(CONFIG_SHOWNAND)
-            {
-                static const u16 verPattern[] = u"Ver.";
-                const u32 currentNand = BOOTCONFIG(0, 3);
-                const u32 matchingFirm = BOOTCONFIG(2, 1) == (currentNand != 0);
-
-                //Patch Ver. string
-                patchMemory(code, size,
-                    verPattern,
-                    sizeof(verPattern) - sizeof(u16), 0,
-                    !currentNand ? ((matchingFirm) ? u" Sys" : u"SysE") :
-                                   ((currentNand == 1) ? (matchingFirm ? u" Emu" : u"EmuS") : ((matchingFirm) ? u"Emu2" : u"Em2S")),
-                    sizeof(verPattern) - sizeof(u16), 1
-                );
-            }
-
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 0x0004013000008002LL: // NS
-        {
-            static const u8 stopCartUpdatesPattern[] = {
-                0x0C, 0x18, 0xE1, 0xD8
-            };
-            static const u8 stopCartUpdatesPatch[] = {
-                0x0B, 0x18, 0x21, 0xC8
-            };
-
-            //Disable updates from foreign carts (makes carts region-free)
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                stopCartUpdatesPattern, 
-                sizeof(stopCartUpdatesPattern), 0, 
-                stopCartUpdatesPatch,
-                sizeof(stopCartUpdatesPatch), 2
-            );
-
-            u32 cpuSetting = CONFIG_NEWCPU;
-
-            if(cpuSetting)
-            {
-                static const u8 cfgN3dsCpuPattern[] = {
-                    0x00, 0x40, 0xA0, 0xE1, 0x07
-                };
-
-                u32 *cfgN3dsCpuLoc = (u32 *)memsearch(code, cfgN3dsCpuPattern, size, sizeof(cfgN3dsCpuPattern));
-
-                //Patch N3DS CPU Clock and L2 cache setting
-                if(cfgN3dsCpuLoc != NULL)
-                {
-                    *(cfgN3dsCpuLoc + 1) = 0xE1A00000;
-                    *(cfgN3dsCpuLoc + 8) = 0xE3A00000 | cpuSetting;
-                }
-            }
-
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 0x0004013000001702LL: // CFG
-        {
-            static const u8 secureinfoSigCheckPattern[] = {
-                0x06, 0x46, 0x10, 0x48
-            };
-            static const u8 secureinfoSigCheckPatch[] = {
-                0x00, 0x26
-            };
-
-            //Disable SecureInfo signature check
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                secureinfoSigCheckPattern, 
-                sizeof(secureinfoSigCheckPattern), 0, 
-                secureinfoSigCheckPatch, 
-                sizeof(secureinfoSigCheckPatch), 1
-            );
-
-            if(secureInfoExists())
-            {
-                static const u16 secureinfoFilenamePattern[] = u"SecureInfo_";
-                static const u16 secureinfoFilenamePatch[] = u"C";
-
-                //Use SecureInfo_C
-                patchMemory(code, size, 
-                    secureinfoFilenamePattern, 
-                    sizeof(secureinfoFilenamePattern) - sizeof(u16),
-                    sizeof(secureinfoFilenamePattern) - sizeof(u16), 
-                    secureinfoFilenamePatch, 
-                    sizeof(secureinfoFilenamePatch) - sizeof(u16), 2
-                );
-            }
-
-            break;
-        }
-        
-        case 0x0004013000003702LL: // RO
-        {
-            static const u8 sigCheckPattern[] = {
-                0x30, 0x40, 0x2D, 0xE9, 0x02
-            };
-            static const u8 sha256ChecksPattern1[] = {
-                0x30, 0x40, 0x2D, 0xE9, 0x24
-            };
-            static const u8 sha256ChecksPattern2[] = {
-                0xF8, 0x4F, 0x2D, 0xE9, 0x01
-            };
-            
-            static const u8 stub[] = {
-                0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xE3, 0x1E, 0xFF, 0x2F, 0xE1 // mov r0, #0; bx lr
-            };
-            
-            //Disable CRR0 signature (RSA2048 with SHA256) check
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                sigCheckPattern, 
-                sizeof(sigCheckPattern), 0, 
-                stub,
-                sizeof(stub), 1
-            );
-            
-            //Disable CRO0/CRR0 SHA256 hash checks (section hashes, and hash table)
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                sha256ChecksPattern1, 
-                sizeof(sha256ChecksPattern1), 0, 
-                stub,
-                sizeof(stub), 1
-            );
-            
-            patchMemory(code, size, 
-                sha256ChecksPattern2, 
-                sizeof(sha256ChecksPattern2), 0, 
-                stub,
-                sizeof(stub), 1
-            );
-            
-            break;
-        }
-
-        default:
-            if(CONFIG_USELANGEMUANDCODE)
-            {
-                u32 tidHigh = (progId & 0xFFFFFFF000000000LL) >> 0x24;
-
-                if(tidHigh == 0x0004000)
-                {
-                    //External .code section loading
-                    loadTitleCodeSection(progId, code, size);
-
-                    //Language emulation
-                    u8 regionId = 0xFF,
-                       languageId = 0xFF;
-
-                    if(R_SUCCEEDED(loadTitleLocaleConfig(progId, &regionId, &languageId)))
-                    {
-                        u32 CFGUHandleOffset;
-
-                        u8 *CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos = getCfgOffsets(code, size, &CFGUHandleOffset);
-
-                        if(CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos != NULL)
-                        {
-                            if(languageId != 0xFF) patchCfgGetLanguage(code, size, languageId, CFGU_GetConfigInfoBlk2_endPos);
-                            if(regionId != 0xFF) patchCfgGetRegion(code, size, regionId, CFGUHandleOffset);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-        break;
-    }
-}

injector/source/patcher.h

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-
-#define PATH_MAX 255
-
-#define CONFIG(a)        (((info.config >> (a + 20)) & 1) != 0)
-#define MULTICONFIG(a)   ((info.config >> (a * 2 + 6)) & 3)
-#define BOOTCONFIG(a, b) ((info.config >> a) & b)
-
-#define BOOTCFG_NAND               BOOTCONFIG(0, 3)
-#define BOOTCFG_FIRM               BOOTCONFIG(2, 1)
-#define BOOTCFG_SAFEMODE           BOOTCONFIG(5, 1)
-#define CONFIG_NEWCPU              MULTICONFIG(2)
-#define CONFIG_USESYSFIRM          CONFIG(1)
-#define CONFIG_USELANGEMUANDCODE   CONFIG(3)
-#define CONFIG_SHOWNAND            CONFIG(4)
-
-void patchCode(u64 progId, u8 *code, u32 size);

injector/source/pxipm.c

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-#include <3ds.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "pxipm.h"
-#include "srvsys.h"
-
-static Handle pxipmHandle;
-static int pxipmRefCount;
-
-Result pxipmInit(void)
-{
-  Result ret = 0;
-
-  if (AtomicPostIncrement(&pxipmRefCount)) return 0;
-
-  ret = srvSysGetServiceHandle(&pxipmHandle, "PxiPM");
-
-  if (R_FAILED(ret)) AtomicDecrement(&pxipmRefCount);
-  return ret;
-}
-
-void pxipmExit(void)
-{
-  if (AtomicDecrement(&pxipmRefCount)) return;
-  svcCloseHandle(pxipmHandle);
-}
-
-Result PXIPM_RegisterProgram(u64 *prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *title, FS_ProgramInfo *update)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x2,8,0); // 0x20200
-  memcpy(&cmdbuf[1], &title->programId, sizeof(u64));
-  *(u8 *)&cmdbuf[3] = title->mediaType;
-  memcpy(((u8 *)&cmdbuf[3])+1, &title->padding, 7);
-  memcpy(&cmdbuf[5], &update->programId, sizeof(u64));
-  *(u8 *)&cmdbuf[7] = update->mediaType;
-  memcpy(((u8 *)&cmdbuf[7])+1, &update->padding, 7);
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(pxipmHandle))) return ret;
-  *prog_handle = *(u64*)&cmdbuf[2];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result PXIPM_GetProgramInfo(exheader_header *exheader, u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x1,2,2); // 0x10082
-  cmdbuf[1] = (u32) (prog_handle);
-  cmdbuf[2] = (u32) (prog_handle >> 32);
-  cmdbuf[3] = (0x400 << 8) | 0x4;
-  cmdbuf[4] = (u32) exheader;
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(pxipmHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result PXIPM_UnregisterProgram(u64 prog_handle)
-{
-  u32 *cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x3,2,0); // 0x30080
-  cmdbuf[1] = (u32) (prog_handle);
-  cmdbuf[2] = (u32) (prog_handle >> 32);
-
-  Result ret = 0;
-  if(R_FAILED(ret = svcSendSyncRequest(pxipmHandle))) return ret;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}

injector/source/pxipm.h

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <3ds/types.h>
-#include "exheader.h"
-
-Result pxipmInit(void);
-void pxipmExit(void);
-Result PXIPM_RegisterProgram(u64 *prog_handle, FS_ProgramInfo *title, FS_ProgramInfo *update);
-Result PXIPM_GetProgramInfo(exheader_header *exheader, u64 prog_handle);
-Result PXIPM_UnregisterProgram(u64 prog_handle);

injector/source/srvsys.c

@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-#include <3ds.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "srvsys.h"
-
-static Handle srvHandle;
-static int srvRefCount;
-static RecursiveLock initLock;
-static int initLockinit = 0;
-
-Result srvSysInit()
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-
-  if (!initLockinit)
-  {
-    RecursiveLock_Init(&initLock);
-  }
-
-  RecursiveLock_Lock(&initLock);
-
-  if (srvRefCount > 0)
-  {
-    RecursiveLock_Unlock(&initLock);
-    return MAKERESULT(RL_INFO, RS_NOP, 25, RD_ALREADY_INITIALIZED);
-  }
-
-  while (1)
-  {
-    rc = svcConnectToPort(&srvHandle, "srv:");
-    if (R_LEVEL(rc) != RL_PERMANENT || 
-        R_SUMMARY(rc) != RS_NOTFOUND || 
-        R_DESCRIPTION(rc) != RD_NOT_FOUND
-       ) break;
-    svcSleepThread(500000);
-  }
-  if (R_SUCCEEDED(rc))
-  {
-    rc = srvSysRegisterClient();
-    srvRefCount++;
-  }
-
-  RecursiveLock_Unlock(&initLock);
-  return rc;
-}
-
-Result srvSysRegisterClient(void)
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-  u32* cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x1,0,2); // 0x10002
-  cmdbuf[1] = IPC_Desc_CurProcessHandle();
-
-  if(R_FAILED(rc = svcSendSyncRequest(srvHandle)))return rc;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result srvSysExit()
-{
-  Result rc;
-  RecursiveLock_Lock(&initLock);
-
-  if (srvRefCount > 1)
-  {
-    srvRefCount--;
-    RecursiveLock_Unlock(&initLock);
-    return MAKERESULT(RL_INFO, RS_NOP, 25, RD_BUSY);
-  }
-
-  if (srvHandle != 0) svcCloseHandle(srvHandle);
-  else svcBreak(USERBREAK_ASSERT);
-  rc = (Result)srvHandle; // yeah, I think this is a benign bug
-  srvHandle = 0;
-  srvRefCount--;
-  RecursiveLock_Unlock(&initLock);
-  return rc;
-}
-
-Result srvSysGetServiceHandle(Handle* out, const char* name)
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-  u32* cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x5,4,0); // 0x50100
-  strncpy((char*) &cmdbuf[1], name,8);
-  cmdbuf[3] = strlen(name);
-  cmdbuf[4] = 0x0;
-
-  if(R_FAILED(rc = svcSendSyncRequest(srvHandle)))return rc;
-
-  if(out) *out = cmdbuf[3];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result srvSysEnableNotification(Handle* semaphoreOut)
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-  u32* cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x2,0,0);
-
-  if(R_FAILED(rc = svcSendSyncRequest(srvHandle)))return rc;
-
-  if(semaphoreOut) *semaphoreOut = cmdbuf[3];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result srvSysReceiveNotification(u32* notificationIdOut)
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-  u32* cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0xB,0,0); // 0xB0000
-
-  if(R_FAILED(rc = svcSendSyncRequest(srvHandle)))return rc;
-
-  if(notificationIdOut) *notificationIdOut = cmdbuf[2];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result srvSysRegisterService(Handle* out, const char* name, int maxSessions)
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-  u32* cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x3,4,0); // 0x30100
-  strncpy((char*) &cmdbuf[1], name,8);
-  cmdbuf[3] = strlen(name);
-  cmdbuf[4] = maxSessions;
-
-  if(R_FAILED(rc = svcSendSyncRequest(srvHandle)))return rc;
-
-  if(out) *out = cmdbuf[3];
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}
-
-Result srvSysUnregisterService(const char* name)
-{
-  Result rc = 0;
-  u32* cmdbuf = getThreadCommandBuffer();
-
-  cmdbuf[0] = IPC_MakeHeader(0x4,3,0); // 0x400C0
-  strncpy((char*) &cmdbuf[1], name,8);
-  cmdbuf[3] = strlen(name);
-
-  if(R_FAILED(rc = svcSendSyncRequest(srvHandle)))return rc;
-
-  return cmdbuf[1];
-}